Suchergebnisse

The present work aimed to analyze the importance of the fishermen colony from the city of Babaçulândia (TO) through the investigation of the assignments, which are delegated to them in the fish handling and the representation of the associated Ribeirinhos before the legal entities in the struggles to guarantee their rights. Thus, a number of two hundred associated families were found, which are under the jurisdiction and protection of the colony under debate. The work also contemplated and analyzed the damages caused by the construction of the Estreito Hydroelectric Power Plant in the everyday life of the Ribeirinhos, such as the reduction of fish, the process of deterritorialization and unjust compensation. In order to achieve these objectives, field visitsand interviews with associate members were carried out, as well with the leaders of the colony, totalizing a quantitative of ten interviews, whose purpose was to assimilate the way of organization of that community, and to verify how the Ribeirinhos perceive and feel the problems brought after the construction of the hydroelectric plant in their social, economic, cultural and physical environment.

Objective: Get to know the topics approached in national publications on women's sexual health and identify the
cultural and social aspects envisaged. Method: Descriptive-analytical bibliographic review made in the Virtual Health
Library database, using the following criteria: national publications from 2000 to 2011, full texts involving the female
population. Twelve publications were analyzed through an integrative literature review. Results: The interface
between women's sexual health and the cultural aspects is reflected on the behavior, attitudes and lifestyles. The
vulnerability to which women are exposed originate from several natures, represent several cultures and, sometimes,
are crystallized by ongoing Sexually Transmitted Diseases, unwanted pregnancy and violence. Conclusion: By updating
the knowledge on factors that interfere on the care of women's sexual health, it is evident that a less technical and
more emancipatory sexual health care approach is urgent.

This article examines the features of folk teachers' everyday life in the Russian Empire during the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries. The study is based on such concepts as everyday life, lifestyle, standard of living, and working conditions. As the part of the study of folk teachers' everyday life, the author focused on the consideration of the material, legal status, living and working conditions, and professional opportunities provided to teachers. Besides, the reasons for the frequent layoffs of national teachers were studied. Based on a deep analysis of historical sources and literature, the author comes to the conclusion that by the end of the XIX - the beginning of the XX centuries most of the teaching positions in public schools began to be occupied by female teachers, and attempts were made to raise their material and legal status at the legislative level. Despite such attempts, folk teachers in the Russian Empire had a low professional status in contrast to their male colleagues during the second half of the XIX - early XX centuries. This was due to the fact that during this period woman were not full members of society yet and the processes of women's emancipation in Russia proceeded much more slowly than in other countries. ; Este artículo examina las características de la vida cotidiana de los profesores de folk en el Imperio Ruso durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y principios del XX. El estudio se basa en conceptos como la vida cotidiana, el estilo de vida, el nivel de vida y las condiciones laborales. Como parte del estudio de la vida cotidiana de los maestros folclóricos, el autor se centró en la consideración del material, la situación jurídica, las condiciones de vida y de trabajo y las oportunidades profesionales que se brindan a los maestros. Además, se estudiaron las razones de los frecuentes despidos de profesores nacionales. A partir de un análisis profundo de las fuentes históricas y la literatura, el autor llega a la conclusión de que a fines del siglo XIX - principios del siglo XX la mayoría de los puestos docentes en las escuelas públicas comenzaron a ser ocupados por maestras, y se intentaron hechos para elevar su estatus material y legal a nivel legislativo. A pesar de tales intentos, los profesores de folklore en el Imperio Ruso tenían un estatus profesional bajo en contraste con sus colegas masculinos durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX - principios del XX. Esto se debió al hecho de que durante este período las mujeres aún no eran miembros de pleno derecho de la sociedad y los procesos de emancipación de las mujeres en Rusia procedieron mucho más lentamente que en otros países. ; Este artigo examina as características da vida cotidiana dos professores de folclore no Império Russo durante a segunda metade do século XIX e início do século XX. O estudo é baseado em conceitos como vida cotidiana, estilo de vida, padrão de vida e condições de trabalho. Como parte do estudo da vida cotidiana dos professores de folk, o autor focou na consideração do material, status legal, condições de vida e de trabalho e oportunidades profissionais oferecidas aos professores. Além disso, foram estudados os motivos das frequentes dispensas de professores nacionais. A partir de uma profunda análise de fontes históricas e bibliográficas, o autor chega à conclusão de que no final do século XIX - início do século XX a maioria dos cargos docentes nas escolas públicas passou a ser ocupada por professoras, e as tentativas foram. feitas para elevar seu status material e legal no nível legislativo. Apesar dessas tentativas, os professores folclóricos no Império Russo tinham um baixo status profissional em contraste com seus colegas homens durante a segunda metade do século XIX - início do século XX. Isso se deve ao fato de que, durante esse período, as mulheres ainda não eram membros plenos da sociedade e os processos de emancipação das mulheres na Rússia ocorreram muito mais lentamente do que em outros países.

Este artigo, ao escavar narrativas, propõe a leitura de modos de vida e crenças partilhadosna diferença. À luz da ideia de cultura como prática significante, a análise do relatode uma viagem feita por um imã iraquiano ao Brasil (1865) discute as narrativas acercado confronto político-cultural protagonizado por afro-muçulmanos na Bahia de 1835.O entrelaçamento de culturas e os processos de invenção do outro ativam marcadoresde diferenças, evidenciando uma trama de relações e usos de poderes, desejos e saberes.A reflexão sugere aos estudiosos das mídias e da cultura que as narrativas, em suasformas distintas, sejam compreendidas como constitutivas de um processo estético/político de produção e ressignificação de identidades. ; This article, by excavating narratives, suggests the reading of lifestyles and beliefs shared in the difference. By shedding light in the idea of culture as a signifying practice, the review of accounts given by an Iraqi leader of a trip to Brazil (1865) calls into question narratives about a cultural-political dispute sparked off by Afro-Muslims in Bahia in 1835. Considering a movement fraught with intermingled cultures and processes of inventing the other, the review highlights a plot of relationships and uses of power and knowledge. The reflection suggests to media and culture researchers that narratives, in its distinct forms, might be understood as constitutive of a political/esthetical process of producing of identities.

This paper aimed to study about bus driver's occupational stress. This issue - stress - has been extensively studied, being a facilitator in the development of numerous diseases and impairing the quality of life and productivity of individuals. Aims: This work also investigated the factors that affect the relationship between man/work and aimed to identify the stage of stress and symptoms. The health problems related to work, which are more common among drivers, in semi-urban passengers transportation service, were studied as well, in a company called "Viação Javaé", in Gurupi, state of Tocantins, Brazil. Methods: Lipp's Inventory of Stress Symptoms for Adults - ISSL - and demographic questionnaire were applied. Eight drivers were targets of this research and their responses were transcribed into charts and graphs. Results: Several causative factors of drivers' job stress were identified and grouped into three classifications: working conditions, vehicle conditions and interpersonal relations with passengers. The stress levels found were low, because the vast majority - 78% of the subjects - were not stressed at the time of application of the instrument. The presence of stress was found in only 22% of subjects, and these were in the resistance stage, with physical symptoms. Back problems were the most common among the drivers. Final Considerations: We conclude this paper by saying that it is almost impossible to avoid stress in our lives, but change the adverse conditions at work, as well as lifestyle, are ways to face it more appropriately and intelligently.

The aim of this work is to understand the ideological processes in the relationship between Brazilian State and social movements during Lula and Dilma Rousseff Governments until June 2013. For this purpose, we will see that there are some subjects that enjoy themselves when join any cynical apparatuses in the capitalist society, and also identified themselves with this lifestyle. On the other side, there are subjects that are indignant with this situation and seek to politically organize themselves, in this case in social movements. The article discusses these politically organized subjects, since the Brazilian State uses the "engodo" to put them in the cynical logic of capitalist social control. In this logic, the "engodo" is a discursive formation that puts at stake a symbolic and imaginary dimension for one to take cynically the other as object of his satisfaction. ; O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender os processos ideológicos presentes na relação entre o Estado brasileiro e movimentos sociais durante os governos Lula e Dilma até junho de 2013. Para isso, veremos que há alguns sujeitos que gozam quando aderem a todo aparato cínico presente na sociedade capitalista e ainda se identificam com esse modo de vida. Por outro lado, há sujeitos que se indignam com essa situação e buscam se organizar politicamente, neste caso em movimentos sociais. Tratamos sobre esses sujeitos que se organizam politicamente, porque eles também sofrem as investidas do Estado brasileiro que usa do engodo para colocá-los na lógica cínica de controle social capitalista. Nessa lógica, o engodo é uma formação discursiva que coloca em jogo uma dimensão simbólica e imaginária para tomar cinicamente o outro como objeto de sua satisfação.

Objective: to evaluate the quality of life of firefighters and rescue professionals, and characterize their socio-demographic, health, work and lifestyle profile. Methods: cross-sectional study that used a socio-demographic, lifestyle, health, work data questionnaire and the WHOQOL-BREF quality of life aspects, in Fire Department bases, Civil Air Patrol Group of the Military Police and Rescue Group of Emergency Services. Results: ninety professionals participated in this study - 71 firefighters, 9 nurses, 7 doctors and 3 flight crew members. The average age of the group was 36.4 ± 7.8 years; they worked about 63.7 hours per week; 20.2% reported pain in the last week and 72.7% had body mass index above 25 kg/m2. The average of the WHOQOL-BREF domains was: physical (74.6), psychological (75.2), social (76.5) and environmental (58.7). Significant association was found (Mann-Whitney test and Spearman correlation) between the WHOQOL-BREF domains and pain in the past six months, in the last week, health perception, job satisfaction, hours of sleep, domestic tasks and study. Conclusion: the main factors related to quality of life were presence of pain, health perception, sleep and domestic activity. ; Objetivo: evaluar la calidad de vida de bomberos y profesionales del rescate y caracterizar el perfil sociodemográfico, de salud, trabajo y estilo de vida. Métodos: estudio transversal utilizando la encuesta de datos sociodemográficos, de estilo de vida y aspectos de la salud y del trabajo, además del cuestionario de calidad de vida WHOQOL-BREF, en las bases del Cuerpo de Bomberos, en el Agrupamiento de Radio y Patrulla del Aire de la Policía Militar y en el Grupo de Rescate de Atención de Urgencias. Resultados: en este estudio participaron 90 profesionales-71 bomberos, 9 enfermeras, 7 médicos y 3 miembros de la tripulación de vuelo. La media de edad fue de 36,4 ± 7,8 años y la del trabajo 63,7 horas por semana; el 20,2% de ellos informaron dolor en la última semana y el 72,7% tenían índice de masa corporal por encima de 25 kg/m2. La media de los dominios WHOQOL-BREF fue: físico (74,6), psicológico (75,2), relaciones sociales (76,5) y ambientales (58,7). Hubo asociación significativa (test de Mann-Whitney y correlación de Spearman) entre dominios del WHOQOL-BREF y el dolor en los últimos seis meses, en la última semana, la percepción de la salud, la satisfacción con el trabajo, el hecho de dormir y realizar los estudios y el trabajo doméstico. Conclusión: los principales factores relacionados con la calidad de vida fueron la presencia de dolor, percepción de la salud, sueño y trabajo doméstico. ; Objetivo: avaliar a qualidade de vida de bombeiros e profissionais do resgate e caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico, de saúde, trabalho e estilo de vida. Método: estudo transversal que utilizou o questionário de dados sociodemográficos, estilo de vida e aspectos da saúde e do trabalho e o de qualidade de vida WHOQOL-BREF, nas bases do Corpo de Bombeiros, no Grupamento de Rádio e Patrulha Aérea da Polícia Militar e no Grupo de Resgate de Atendimento as Urgências. Resultados: 90 profissionais participaram do estudo - 71 bombeiros, nove enfermeiros, sete médicos e três tripulantes de voo. A idade média foi de 36,4±7,8 anos; trabalhavam em média 63,7 horas por semana; 20,2% relataram dor na última semana e 72,7% apresentavam índice de massa corpórea acima de 25kg/m2. A média dos domínios do WHOQOL-BREF foi: físico (74,6), psicológico (75,2), relações sociais (76,5) e ambiental (58,7). Houve associação significante (teste de Mann-Whitney e correlação de Spearman) entre domínios do WHOQOL-BREF e dor nos últimos seis meses, na última semana, percepção de saúde, satisfação com o trabalho, horas de sono e realizar trabalho doméstico e estudar. Conclusão: os principais fatores relacionados à qualidade de vida foram presença de dor, percepção de saúde, sono e trabalho doméstico.

At the margins of modern medical practice, pushing the very limits of science, and indefatigably rendering the precincts of public discourse, still functional remnants of Christian civilization continue to provide care for the hopeless, perform healing sacraments for the incurable, and curate objects of votive devotion for the suffering and needy. These public services go largely unaccounted for, though they secure an ordered world, structure perception, and serve as ontological anchors. Lost in the vague, scientifically unrarified notions of spirituality that brace a general, undifferentiated worldwide metaphysical experience and disregard immense cultural, functional, geographic and performative distinctness, Catholic sacramental practices aimed at alleviating suffering and promoting healthy lifestyles are receiving only marginal mention in scientific literature(1), despite the fact that they make up daily reality in large parts of contemporary Europe and Latin America. Writing this editorial from the Northeast of Brazil, where traditional religious practice has sustained generations through the calamities of severe droughts, slavery, extreme poverty, high child mortality, failed political orders, and a harsh global economic reality, it is difficult to underestimate the power of sacramental experience to sustain a cultural identity. It was defined the concept of care of the sick in the context of the religious experience of the Northeast of Brazil which is historically relevant to health promotion. Until the emergence of national health care in the late nineteenth century, it was largely the order of the Franciscan friars that was charged with promoting healthy lives in the region. The Catholic concept of care that guided their efforts structures three procedural reality principles: the psychological reality of the transference to the person in one's charge (care/caritas), the performative practice of religious sacrament such as the anointment of the sick or ex-voto devotionals, and the physical object ...

Nas últimas duas décadas, o envelhecimento ativo adquiriu expressão relevante enquanto paradigma de políticas públicas para fazer face aos desafios colocados pelo envelhecimento demográfico. Definido, primeiramente pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), de forma a enfatizar a responsabilidade da sociedade no seu conjunto relativamente à qualidade de vida ao longo do processo de envelhecimento, o paradigma do envelhecimento ativo, atualmente, tem vindo a concentrar-se, sobretudo, no adiamento da idade da reforma e na redução dos custos com a saúde nos últimos anos de vida, a partir de uma lógica de responsabilização individual. Para a elaboração deste artigo, foram consultados vários sítios on-line de clínicas médicas portuguesas nas quais se praticam consultas/tratamentos de medicina antienvelhecimento, analisando os anúncios publicitários dos serviços prestados, bem como artigos de opinião redigidos pelos próprios médicos dessa especialidade, dirigidos a um público leigo. Conclui-se que, a par da responsabilização individual pela saúde e, de forma mais geral, pela forma como se envelhece, assistimos hoje à expansão de um amplo mercado de produtos e serviços antienvelhecimento que nos permitem argumentar que o ideal de envelhecimento ativo poderá estar ao serviço de uma indústria da perfeição. ; In the last two decades, Active Ageing acquired significant importance in scientific and political forums as a new paradigm of public policies to meet challenges posed by the ageing population. Defined by the WHO as to emphasize society's responsibility regarding quality of life as people age, the Active Ageing paradigm represents, nowadays, a progressive narrowing of action scope and accountability. In recent years, assuming the logic of individual accountability, it serves as basis for the accusation of individual negligence in not adopting a healthy lifestyle. This study analyses the websites of several Portuguese medical clinics specialized in anti-ageing medicine, where one can find advertisements of the services provided, and, in some cases, opinion articles drawn up by doctors of this medical specialty, for a lay audience. Considering the increasing international dimension of the aesthetic and hormonal enhancement biotechnologies market, the ideal of Active ageing can, today, be at the service of the culture of perfection.

Songs like Chico Fininho, by Rui Veloso and the Banda Sonora, and Cavalos de Corrida, by the group UHF, were the first hits of the "Portuguese rock boom", an expression referring to the first moment of great commercial success for rock repertoire recorded and published in Portugal. At the beginning of the 1980s, "Portuguese rock" was central to the consolidation of a "modern" and cosmopolitan youth identity that increasingly identified with habits and lifestyles from the Anglo-American cultural universe. The intensification of the editorial commitment to this repertoire led to the emergence of new groups, record producers, sound companies and artist agencies, as well as the reconfiguration of the characteristics of various bands that sought to align themselves with the phenomenon, including the growing use of the Portuguese language, an aspect that until then had often been disregarded in the context of rock music. This book analyses the main changes that took place in rock practices in Portugal during the second half of the 1970s and early 1980s, looking at the links between the various music industries and the role of their agents as active participants in shaping the activity of the groups and their respective repertoires. - Canções como Chico Fininho, de Rui Veloso e a Banda Sonora, e Cavalos de Corrida, do grupo UHF, constituíram os primeiros êxitos do «boom do rock português», expressão referente ao primeiro momento de grande sucesso comercial de repertório rock gravado e publicado em Portugal. No início da década de 1980, o «rock português» foi fulcral na consolidação de uma identidade juvenil «moderna» e cosmopolita crescentemente identificada com hábitos e estilos de vida provindos do universo cultural anglo-americano. A intensificação da aposta editorial neste repertório motivou o aparecimento de novos grupos, produtores fonográficos, empresas de som e de agenciamento de artistas, assim como a reconfiguração das características de várias bandas que procuraram alinhar-se com o fenómeno, inclusive no crescente recurso à língua portuguesa, aspecto até então frequentemente desprezado no âmbito do rock. Neste livro, são analisadas as principais transformações ocorridas nas práticas do rock em Portugal durante a segunda metade da década de 1970 e inícios da década de 1980, contemplando a articulação entre as várias indústrias ligadas à música e o papel dos seus agentes enquanto participantes activos na configuração da actividade dos grupos e dos seus respectivos repertórios.

Este estudo procurou investigar a chegada de escolas privadas em um distrito da zona leste de São Paulo, com base no tratamento secundário de dados estatísticos, questionários aplicados em escolas públicas e privadas e entrevistas com pais, professores e jovens do distrito. A hipótese formulada inicialmente propunha que as modificações da oferta escolar local seriam reveladoras do processo de diferenciação interna dos grupos populares, derivado do aumento da renda na base da pirâmide social brasileira dos anos Lula. Os resultados do estudo estatístico permitiram propor uma tipologia das subprefeituras segundo a oferta escolar. As entrevistas revelaram um lento processo de acumulação de capital cultural e de modificações do estilo de vida, ligados à conquista do diploma de ensino superior pela segunda geração das famílias interrogadas. Essa fração das camadas populares, na qual o capital cultural é mais elevado compõe essencialmente a demanda por ensino privado no distrito. A partir do caso particular desse distrito, o artigo aborda as características da oferta e das estratégias educativas identificadas nesse grupo reduzido de famílias, um processo ligado tanto à aquisição do capital cultural em duas gerações das famílias como ao trabalho feminino. ; This study aimed to investigate the arrival of private schools in a district in the east side of Sao Paulo and it is based on secondary treatment of statistical data, questionnaires applied in public and private schools, and interviews with parents, teachers, and youngsters in the district. The initial hypothesis proposed that the modification on local school offer would reveal the process of internal differentiation of low-income groups, derived from the increase of income on the base of Brazilian social pyramid during Lula's government. The results of the statistical study allowed us to propose a typology of subprefectures according to school offer. The interviews revealed a slow process of cultural capital accumulation and lifestyle modifications, connected to the university diplomas owned by the second generation of interviewed families. This fraction of low-income classes, in which cultural capital is higher, essentially composes the demand for private education in the district. On the particular case of this district, the article approaches the characteristics of offer and educational strategies identified in this reduced group of families, a process connected to the acquisition of cultural capital during two generations, as well as to women's work.