O objetivo do presente artigo é proceder a uma análise dos livros de literatura infantil Cinderela Surda e Rapunzel Surda, focalizando os sentidos produzidos sobre identidades e diferenças. As análises desses livros pretendem contribuir para a discussão da produção de uma literatura surda, que está vinculada às discussões sobre cultura e identidade. Na investigação desses materiais, os textos e as imagens produzidas evidenciam que os autores buscam o caminho da auto-representação do grupo de surdos, através da luta pelo estabelecimento do que reconhecem como suas identidades e suas diferenças. Tais evidências estão no uso da língua de sinais, em suas formas de narrar as histórias e/ou de adaptar histórias clássicas, tendo como base suas formas de existência, suas formas de ler, traduzir, conceber e julgar os produtos culturais que consomem e que produzem.
Richard Rorty (1931-2007) stood out as a relevant thinker of contemporary political life, in addition to building a framework of ideas of language, culture, freedom and solidarity. One of his most recurrent banners was the primacy of literature over philosophy and freedom over truth. For the purposes of this article, we start with excerpts from Rorty's interview by Helmut Mayer and Wolfgang Ulrich, compiled in the text It's good to persuade, in Take care of freedom that the truth will take care of itself. In addition to this text, we also use Philosophy and social hope (from 1999), and, in particular, Education as socialization and individualization (from 1989), a text in which the author, moving away from the enchantment of traditional philosophy and defending the adoption of a philosophizing, primacy of freedom the edifying truth, by dogmatic, over a markedly essentialist and anti-foundationist posture.
O objetivo deste texto é analisar o uso da literatura como a construção da consciência de mundo, relacionando a interpretação com a realidade. A proposta é investigar a importância do uso da imagem e da linguagem na literatura, analisando a expressão de uma literatura surda.
Objective: To investigate Brazilian publications on leprosy program evaluations from the components: inputs, processes, results and impact. Methods: Consultation in the LILACS database of the Virtual Health Library on the keywords "leprosy", "evaluation". Inclusion Criteria: Publications from 2001 to 2008, in Portuguese and descriptor "leprosy." Results: 27 approaches for components of input, process, outcome and impact studies in August of this review. The process component prevailed with 41%. Of all approaches and inputs and outputs were performed in 26% and 22% respectively and the impact component with the lowest percentage approaches 11%. Conclusion: The evaluation must be present throughout the process of implementing a particular program.
Today we live in an increasingly scientific and technologically developed society that has promoted transformations in the social, political and economic environment. This development brought with it the illusion that all social and cultural problems would be solved, creating a traditional image of this science, in which its development would be free of particular interests. In order for the community to be able to understand the relations between science and the collective, it is necessary to have debates about the subject, and thinking about it, the movement called Science, Technology, Society and Environment (STSE) was created, representing a critical study group about the traditionalist and essentialist view of science and technology. The STSE studies seek to understand their social dimensions and even their consequences. Thus, this study has as main objective to review the Brazilian literature in search of articles that work the STSE approach in the teaching of Chemistry in the context of the high school classroom, with the intention of training citizens critical about the most diverse subjects of this. This research has a qualitative character, as it allows the researcher a better approximation and understanding of the facts studied. The articles were searched in national journals that allow free access and with qualis A1, A2 and B1 qualis according to the CAPES Qualis-Periodical system. In all, 24 journals were found, but only 8 articles were found with the theme under study, being found 14 in total. The selected papers cover the topics of Acids and Bases (1), Physical-Chemistry (1), Environmental Chemistry (3), Organic Chemistry (8) and Radioactivity (1), in which teaching was conceived in the STSE precepts to promote greater contextualization and the formation of the critical citizen. All the creators of the researches sought through the STSE to make the classes more attractive and dynamic, centering the construction of the knowledge in the student through the stimulation of the research.
O ARTIGO resume o itinerário do autor como historiador da Literatura Brasileira, teórico de poesia e estudioso de nossa formação cultural. Os momentos iniciais desse percurso recebem particular atenção: o estudo da Estética de Croce, o conhecimento da filosofia marxista de Gramsci, a influência do existencialismo cristão no final dos anos de 1950 e o engajamento na política de esquerda no Brasil dos anos de 1960 e 1970. Como docente de Literatura Italiana, o autor escreveu teses sobre Pirandello e Leopardi, ambas inéditas. Trabalhando no campo da história literária, na esteira da obra de Otto Maria Carpeaux, examinou as relações dialéticas entre ideologia e poesia e ideologia e narrativa, o que lhe abriu caminho para o seu conceito de literatura como resistência. Ao elaborar a Dialética da Colonização, dedicou-se ao estudo das tensões que marcam a história das ideologias no Brasil. ; THIS ESSAY summarizes the author's itinerary as historian of Brazilian literature, theoretician of poetry and scholar of our cultural heritage. The initial moments of this career merit special attention: the study of Croce's aesthetics, the first acquaintance with Gramsci's Marxist philosophy, the influence of Christian Existentialism in the late 1950s, and the political engagement in leftist politics in Brazil in the 1960s and 70s. As professor of Italian Literature, the author has written theses on Pirandello and Leopardi, which remain unpublished. As a student of literary history, in the wake Otto Maria Carpeaux's work, the author examines the dialectic relationships between ideology and poetry, and ideology and prose, which led to his concept of literature as resistance. When writing the Dialectics of Colonization, he immersed himself in the study of the tensions that distinguish the history of ideologies in Brazil.
A partir da concepção de diferença lingüística evidenciarei a importância do respeito e conhecimento da literatura produzida por grupos ou comunidades como forma se expressão social e cultural. A exemplo do conto Cinderela que, ao ser recontada por surdos adultos, universitários, sobrevive com o título de Cinderela Surda. A literatura produzida por surdos usuários da língua de sinais evidencia sua inserção nos contos acrescentando a história de sua educação e a história do nascimento das comunidades surdas. Paralelo traçado na forma como o príncipe surdo aprende língua de sinais através de um professor ouvinte sinalizador e Cinderela (no caso plebéia) apropria-se da língua no contato com surdos.
The present study is based on the relationship between philosophy and literature with Nietzsche and Kafka as the main authors studied. The central question of this study is how to comprehend some of Nietzsche's philosophy in Kafka's literary pieces? In this way, the goal is to analyze a potential reading of the concepts will of power and nihilism. The text's proposal develops in two moments: characterizing Nietzsche's philosophy with the will of power and nihilism concepts as main points of the books considered as "mature" written by this author and presenting Kafka's piece Carta ao pai as an alternative to overcome nihilism with the main starting point being the relationship between will of power and art characterized by a determined period in Nietzsche's philosophy as active nihilism. Thus, the text primes at developing not just a descriptive analysis through bibliographic research focusing on the cited manuscripts, but also searching fundaments to arguments made by some commentators of both authors in specific points.
O objetivo do presente trabalho é oferecer uma introdução às reflexões sobre verdade e ciência a partir da abordagem de textos literários, promovendo uma interlocução entre arte e ciência, entre literatura e metodologia da pesquisa (em especial, em educação). Inspirado por uma poesia de Drummond, um conto de Machado de Assis e um romance contemporâneo, de autoria de Lia Neiva, o texto aponta a literatura como forma de se abordarem temas complexos das ciências, como a noção de verdade e realidade, com estudantes de graduação. Introduz, ainda que de modo breve, uma interlocução com produções artísticas variadas – desde imagens com ilusões de ótica até filmes e seriados televisivos – no intuito de tornar as experiências em metodologia de pesquisa mais dinâmicas, mais atraentes e esclarecedoras. Ao final do texto, somos levados a uma reflexão acerca das possibilidades e dos limites da leitura da realidade propiciada por nossas experiências científicas e literárias, bem como de suas interpretações, realizadas/escolhidas segundo nossos caprichos, nossas miopias e nossas ilusões, numa referência direta ao poema "A porta da verdade" de Carlos Drummond de Andrade.
The aim of this paper is to discuss the importance of children's literature in the early grades of elementary school. Taking as the object of analysis our practices while fellows of the Initiation Teaching Program (PIBID), where we develop different activities different than children experience routinely at school, using as resource main the story telling, without taking the literature with didactic or pedagogical function, but valorizing the aesthetic and creative possibilities of that language. For the theoretical foundation, we support in Soares (1999), Bettelheim (1996), Lajolo and Zilberman (2004), Abromovich (1993) and Aguiar (2001), among other reference texts. The study is justified by the fact that the classes with differentiated methodologies hold the gaze of the student, and to work the literature with children, enhancing the taste and the pleasure of reading by encouraging their expressions, opinions, construction and reconstruction of ideas, become the classes more significants for the class.
In the paper, from a systematic analysis of the literary production of Brazilian Indigenous writers, we will argue that, since the middle of XXs, Brazilian Indian peoples start to affirm and use the public sphere, in terms of activism, militancy and engagement, as the strategy and the place par excellence to the thematization of national Indian condition, as reaction to processes of social-economic expansion and political-cultural negation which put in check their own existence, refusing also the technocratic paternalism and dependent responsibility imposed to them. With the purpose of consolidating themselves as active public-political subjects, they opted for school education and for the appropriation of epistemological tolls and digital techniques which allow them to insert in the national socialization, to modernize politically, culturally and epistemologically in order to streamline a perspective of criticism regarding our conservative modernization from the internal communitarian self-organization and the construction of a network of collaboration among the indigenous nations. This posture leads to the deconstruction of the image cultural and normatively produced in terms of colonization, of a savage, rude and barbarous Indian, restricted to the more far corner of forest, incapable of civilization; and, in its place, it is consolidated exactly the role of the socialized Indian, in the full capability of political citizenship, producing and publicizing the own knowledge, culture and art. From the appropriation of school education and of these epistemological-digital tools and techniques we go, therefore, to an activist, militant and engaged posture in the public, political and cultural sphere, by means of the correlation of Indian Movement and Indian literature, in which the promotion of ethnic-anthropological singularity is in the basis of the criticism to modernity constituted and performed by Indian peoples, their intellectuals and writers.
This article is a bibliographical review on children's literature, because in the current political moment we are living in Brazil, where the books we use in classrooms are questioned by extremist groups, we want to return to the discussion about the paths travelled by children's literature in Brazil. Thus, this article is intended to be an invitation to reflect on our position in the world, using literature as a device that enhances and sensitizes our ability to think and reflect on life in a more ethical perspective. We seek to use the latest references, but we do not discard the primary works, because we assume that they are the basis of knowledge. We have come to the conclusion that the value of literature for any society is immeasurable, since it helps in educating more critical citizens, in bringing about social transformations and in reformulating (pre) concepts. The conclusion that we have reached is that literature has intentionality, and it can contribute to denaturalize exclusionary discourses, and to form citizens that contribute to respect and inclusion, in a movement that allows recognizing excludable practices that are in the world. ; Este artigo é uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a literatura infantil, pois no atual momento político que o Brasil vive, onde os livros que utilizamos em salas de aulas são questionados por grupos extremistas, queremos retornar a discussão sobre os caminhos percorridos pela literatura infantil no Brasil. Assim, esse artigo pretendeu ser um convite para refletirmos sobre nossa postura no mundo, utilizando a literatura como um dispositivo que potencializa e sensibiliza nossa capacidade de pensar e refletir sobre a vida numa perspectiva mais ética. Procuramos utilizar os referenciais mais modernos, mas não descartamos as obras primárias, pois entedemos que elas são a base do conhecimento. Obtivemos como resultado que o valor da literatura para qualquer sociedade é imensuravel, pois ajudam na formação de cidadãos mais críticos, nas transformações sociais e nas reformulações de (pre) conceitos. A conclusão que chegamos que a literatura tem uma intencionalidade, e ela poderá contribuir para desnaturalizar discursos excludentes, segregadores e formar cidadãos que contribuam para o respeito e a inclusão, em um movimento que permita reconhecer práticas excludentes que estão no mundo
Introduction: Through government portals, it is possible to increase transparency and the participation of society in government. Blockchain technology has been touted as an alternative to increase government transparency and reduce costs in the public sector. In this context, the article aimed to answer the main question: what is the current panorama of blockchain technology applications in the public sector? Method: It carries out a systematic literature review using the Google Scholar index, with a frame of works published between 2008 and 2018. The following keywords were used: "government transparency", "open government", "e-government","blockchain applications", "blockchain application", "government transparency", "open government", "public sector", "e-government", "blockchain applications" and "blockchain application". Results: It detects several areas of interest to the public sector for blockchain technology deployments, as well as areas where it is already in use. Conclusion: The theme has gained prominence in several areas, as can be seen through this research, which found reports of use in the following sectors: electricity, real estate, medicine, identity management, agriculture, commercial transactions, financial market, taxation, cities smartphones, smart contracts, government administration, and electronic voting, among others. This systematic literature review indicates that the technology on screen has the potential to help the public sector. ; Introdução: Por meio de portais governamentais, é possível aumentar a transparência e a participação da sociedade no governo. A tecnologia blockchain tem sido apontada como uma alternativa para aumentar a transparência governamental e reduzir custos no setor público. Nesse contexto, o artigo teve como objetivo responder à questão principal: Qual o atual panorama das aplicações da tecnologia blockchain no setor público? Método: Foi feita uma revisão sistemática de literatura por meio do indexador Google Acadêmico, tendo como recorte temporal os trabalhos publicados entre 2008 e 2018. Foram utilizadas as seguintes palavras-chave: "government transparency", "open government", "e-government", "blockchain applications", "blockchain application", "transparência governamental", "governo aberto", "setor público", "governo eletrônico", "aplicações blockchain" e "aplicação blockchain". Resultados: Foram detectadas diversas áreas consideradas de interesse do setor público para implantações da tecnologia blockchain, bem como áreas onde ela já se encontra em uso. Conclusão: O tema tem ganhado destaque em diversas áreas, como pode ser comprovado por meio desta pesquisa, que encontrou relatos de uso nos seguintes setores: energia elétrica, imobiliário, medicina, gerenciamento de identidades, agricultura, transações comerciais, mercado financeiro, tributação, cidades inteligentes, contratos inteligentes, administração governamental e votação eletrônica, entre outros. Esta revisão sistemática de literatura indica que a tecnologia em tela tem potencial para ajudar o setor público.
