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In this article the author attempts to analyse the power relationships in the Yugoslav society, in post-war historical perspective of development. He is using the difference between power and meta-power as the conceptual framework. The whole development can be demonstrated as the creation of a system by actors who have meta-power and who want to negate their own meta-power by development of self-management. However, the spontaneous developments lead to such social structuring which challenges the established structure of meta^power. The dilemma with which those having meta-power are faced is whether to intervene into the development of the system and thus »come to surface« as the one having meta-power, or leave the development to remain spontaneous and in such a manner endanger their meta-power. Particular attention has been paid to the relationship between an enterprise and the political system as that sphere of the social system where the processes described in this article are shown with great clarity.

Dosadašnja istraživanja pokazuju da suradnja u istraživanjima između znanosti i industrije može biti snažan izvor inovacija i čimbenik koji pridonosi uspješnosti u inovacijama i ekonomskom rastu. Iako brojne mjere javnih politika i inicijative potiču zajednička istraživanja akademske zajednice i industrije, njihov potencijal još nije primjereno iskorišten. Ovaj rad daje pregled postojeće literature o suradnji u istraživanju između znanosti i industrije. Rad analizira i diskutira motive i druge čimbenike koji utječu na suradnju i identificira ograničenja zajedničkom istraživanju s aspekta poduzeća i javnih istraživačkih institucija. Na temelju pregleda literature izvode se preporuke za inovacijske politike. ; Existing research indicates that science-industry collaborative research might be a powerful source of innovation and an important factor of high innovation performance and economic growth. Although a number of public policy initiatives promote collaborative research, its potential is still not being adequately reached. This paper presents a review of existing literature on science-industry collaborative research. It elaborates and discusses motives and determinants of collaborative research, and identifies obstacles to joint science-industry research, from both the companies' and public research organizations' perspective. Based on the literature review, the paper provides recommendations for innovation policies.

Autor polazi od stava da je za kritičko razumijevanje postsocijalizma (kojeg uvjetno određuje kao stanje i proturiječni procesi u Istočnoj Europi nakon demokratske revolucije) i njegovih razvojnih perspektiva upravo primjeren koncept civilnog društva. Upućuje na tri različite društvene struje koje su doprinjele obnovi problematike civilnog društva: neoliberalizam, postmarksizam i disidentski građanski otpor totalitarizmu. Zatim utvrđuje pojam civilnog društva, u smislu koji je dobio u novovjekovnim teorijama prirodnog prava. Na tom tragu precizira vlastito određenje ovog pojma kao analitičkog oruđa za analizu socijalizma i postsocijalizma. Kad je riječ o socijalizmu ukazuje na stalnu napetost između države i neautonomnog ali »realnog socijalističkog društva«, u kome se uvijek iznova javljaju klice autonomne civilne sfere. Na kraju raspravlja o (ne)ispunjenju tri temeljne pretpostavke civilnog društva u aktualnim postsocijalističkim procesima na europskom Istoku, uključujući Hrvatsku i Jugoslaviju. ; The author expresses the opinion that for a critical understanding of postsocialism (which he conditionally defines as the situation and contradictory processes in Eastern Europe after the democratic revolution) and its development perspectives, the most adequate is the concept of civil society. He indicates three different social currents which contributed to the renewal of the civil society issue: neoliberalism, post-Marxism and the dissident civil opposition to totalitarianism. He then determines the concept of civil society within the meaning it had obtained in the modem theories of natural law. Following this line of thought he specifies his own definition of this concept as an analytical means for studying socialism and postsocialism. When it is a question of socialism, he indicates the constant tension between the state and unautonomous but »real socialist society«, in which new seeds of the autonomous civil sphere keep appearing over and over again. Finally, he discusses the non-fulfilment of the three fundamental pre-suppositions for civil society in contemporary postsocialist processes in the European East, including Croatia and Yugoslavia.

Ovaj diplomski rad bavi se razdobljem pozitivizma u Poljskoj koje je trajalo od 1863. do 1890. godine. U radu se opisuje društveno-politička situacija u Europi i njezin utjecaj na Poljsku koja je još 1795. bila podijeljena na austrijski, pruski i ruski dio. Objašnjavaju se zatim temeljni pojmovi programa poljskog pozitivizma. Osim društveno-političke scene, riječ je i o pozitivizmu u poljskoj književnosti, o vrstama književnosti kao što su tendenciozna i agitacijska književnost, te o cenzuri. Pozitivizam u sociologiji utemeljio je Auguste Comte u svome djelu "Zakon triju stadija". Poljski pozitivisti preuzeli su neke vrijednosti i prilagodili pozitivizam svojim potrebama. Promjene u Europi potaknule su politička previranja u Poljskoj: želju za asimilacijom Židova, ali i rast antisemitizma te emancipacija žena i seljaka. Prikazani su također problemi društvenih skupina koje nisu imale status poljskog plemstva. ; This graduate thesis deals with the period of positivism in Poland (1863 – 1890). The theisis addresses the socio-political situation in Europe and its impact in Poland, which was divided in 1795 into Austrian, Prussian and Russian part. The basic concepts of the Polish positivism program are explained. Apart from the socio-political scene, it is also about positivism in Polish literature, about types of literature such as tendentious and agitational literature, and about censorship. Positivism in sociology was founded by Auguste Comte in his work "The Law of the Three Stages". Polish positivists have taken on some values and adapted positivism to their needs. Changes in Europe have fueled political turmoil in Poland: the desire to assimilate Jews, but also the rise of anti-Semitism and the emancipation of women and peasants. Problems of social groups that did not have the status of Polish nobility are also presented.

Korupcija je problem koji postoji već dugi niz godina, ali se u zadnje vrijeme o tome više govori i piše u medijima i društvu. U prošlosti na korupciju se gledalo kao na normalnu pojavu, dok se danas ona ipak osuđuje i pokušava spriječiti. Korupcija je zloupotreba ovlasti radi stjecanja privatne koristi. Dvije temeljne podjele su na administrativnu ili birokratsku korupciju i političku. Iako svi misle da je mito jedini oblik korupcije, postoje još mnogi oblici kao što su sukob interesa, nepotizam i klijentelizam. Mnogi se pitaju zašto dolazi do korupcije? Razlozi su mnogobrojni. To mogu biti ekonomski, politički, moralni ili neki drugi razlozi. Naravno, postoje različite teorije koje različito definiraju razloge zbog kojih se javlja korupcija. Korupcija je loša pojava i negativno utječe na čitavo društvo zato što građani gube povjerenje u vlast i korupciju doživljavaju kao normalnu pojavu. Kako bi se korupcija spriječila potrebno je imati dobar zakonodavni okvir, učinkovite institucije u borbi protiv korupcije, aktivno građanstvo, svijest o štetnosti i sankcije za počinitelja korupcije. Stanje u Republici Hrvatskoj s korupcijom nije baš dobro, naime ona je među korumpiranijim državama Europske Unije, unatoč brojnim nastojanjima da se suzbije i spriječi. ; Corruption is the problem that exist a lot of years, but lately this problem is more involved in the media and society. In the past, corruption was a normal thing, but today corruption is condemned and tries to prevent. Corruption is the abuse of power for private gain. Two main types of corruption are administrative (bureaucratic) and political corruption. Although everyone thinks that bribe is the only type of corruption, there are a lots of other forms like conflict of interest, nepotism and clientelism. People are wondering why comes to corruption. There are many reasons. It could be economic, political, moral or some other reason. Of course, there are many theories differently explaining reasons of corruption. Corruption is a bad phenomenon and has a ...

The author analyzes the latest developments in liberal democracy & the capitalist economy based on the examples of the works of Erich Weede & Klaus von Beyme. The tendency of alleviating economic & political competition is corroborated by means of an analysis of the phenomenon of a multiparty state & today's capitalist economy, which has been increasingly relying on rent-generated income rather than market competition. The author highlights the new strategies for the legitimation of liberal democracy by means of justice, as developed by John Rawls. Adapted from the source document.

Moderan pristup oblikovanju javnozdravstvenih preporuka temelji se na objedinjavanju preporuka za tjelesnu aktivnost, sedentarno ponašanje i duljinu spavanja, odnosno na optimalnoj kombinaciji trajanja navedenih ponašanja tijekom 24 sata. Cilj ovog rada bio je napraviti sustavni pregled literature radi identificiranja i analize postojećih 24-satnih preporuka za tjelesnu aktivnost, sedentarno ponašanje i spavanje te izraditi prijedlog hrvatskih 24-satnih preporuka u skladu s postojećim nalazima. Sustavnim pregledom literature utvrđeno je da postoje 24-satne preporuke Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije (SZO) i nacionalne 24-satne preporuke za djecu i mlade (0 – 17 g.) u četiri države (Australiji, Južnoafričkoj Republici, Kanadi i Novom Zelandu), dok takve preporuke za odrasle i starije osobe nisu nađene. Sve postojeće 24-satne preporuke za djecu i mlade temelje se na Kanadskim nacionalnim preporukama i stoga su vrlo slične. Naime, kvantitativne su preporuke jednake, a razlike postoje samo u specifičnim primjerima ili opisima pojedinih aktivnosti. S obzirom na to da su prije spomenute preporuke oblikovane prema najboljim znanstvenim dokazima koji su trenutačno raspoloživi, one su upotrijebljene kao temelj za izradu prijedloga hrvatskih 24-satnih preporuka za djecu i mlade. Pritom su preporuke prilagođene specifičnostima hrvatskog konteksta. Budući da sustavnim pregledom literature nisu nađene objedinjene 24-satne preporuke za tjelesnu aktivnost, sedentarno ponašanje i spavanje odraslih i starijih osoba, proveden je iscrpan pregled literature. Na temelju preporuka SZO-a i najnovijih nacionalnih preporuka za svaku pojedinu sastavnicu, koje su utemeljene na najboljim znanstvenim dokazima što su trenutačno raspoloživi, napravljen je prijedlog hrvatskih 24-satnih preporuka. Predložene hrvatske 24-satne preporuke mogu se iskoristiti za individualno savjetovanje u ambulantama obiteljske medicine, klinikama ili rekreacijskim centrima, za oblikovanje poruka u javnozdravstvenim kampanjama te pri izradi nacionalnih, lokalnih i institucionalnih zdravstvenih politika. ; A modern approach to shaping public health guidelines is to integrate recommendations for physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep and to recommend the optimal distribution of time spent in these behaviours in a 24-hour day. The aim of this paper was to conduct a systematic review of literature to identify and analyse the available 24-hour guidelines for physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep, and to propose Croatian 24-hour guidelines in line with the existing findings. The systematic review of literature showed 24-hour guidelines from the World Health Organization (WHO) and national 24-hour guidelines for children and youth (0 – 17 years of age) in four countries (Australia, South Africa, Canada, and New Zealand). No such guidelines were found for adults and seniors. All the available 24-hour guidelines for children and youth are very similar, as they are based on the Canadian national guidelines. The quantitative recommendations are all the same, with differences found only in specific examples and descriptions of activities. Given that the foregoing guidelines were formulated in line with the best available scientific evidence, they were used to inform the development of the proposed Croatian 24-hour guidelines for children and youth. The proposed guidelines were tailored to the specific context in Croatia. Since no integrated 24-hour guidelines for physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep for adults and seniors were found in the systematic review of literature, an additional thorough review of literature was conducted in order to identify the most relevant guidelines for each individual behaviour. The proposed Croatian 24-hour guidelines for adults and seniors were based on the WHO guidelines and the most recent and relevant national recommendations from other countries for each of the behaviours. The proposed Croatian 24-hour guidelines can be used: (1) to provide individual counselling in general practice clinics, medical clinics, and recreation centres; (2) to help formulate messages in public health campaigns; and (3) to develop national, local, and institutional health policies.