Suchergebnisse

The paper deals with the Prloš mine, which was located in the area of modern day mine Lece. Around the mine, which was administratively a part of the nâhiye of Dubočica or Kruševac Sancak, a workers' hâss was formed and in addition the mine was given the status of an independent mukâta'a, which indicates that the Prloš was worthy of attention and investment for the Ottoman administration. The mine was under the financial control of the Belgrade Supervisory Authority (nezâret). Special attention was paid to the position of the mine itself, as well as leases, who were the tenants, what were the amounts of lease and how much the lease lasted. The paper is based on new and previously unused sources of Ottoman provenance.

Cover -- Titlepage -- Copyright -- Abstract -- Résumé -- Table of Contents -- Foreword -- Introduction -- The Enigmatic Sixteenth Century -- The Sixteenth-Century Northeast -- Facts and Arguments - the Gulf of Saint Lawrence -- Facts and Arguments - the Inland Fluvial Networks -- Facts and Arguments - Lake Ontario -- PART I: The Gulf of Saint Lawrence -- Chapter 1: Meeting in the Straits: Intersecting Inuit and European Trajectories in Southern Labrador -- Introduction -- Earliest Encounters -- Early Encounters -- Sustained Encounters -- Formalized Encounters -- Conclusion

This dissertation considers two literary texts in dialogue form: the anonymous Viaje de Turquía written in the 1550's about a Spaniard's experiences as an ex-captive of the Turks and his travels back to Spain through Greece and Italy; and Pedro de Quiroga's c. 1565 Coloquios de la verdad, about the experiences of an indigenous Peruvian who witnesses the process of colonization and the failed evangelization of the natives firsthand. Both texts contain a large amount of ethnographic detail (from the manner in which people pray, raise their families and celebrate, to the rituals surrounding the chewing of the coca leaf and the degustation of Turkish yogurt). The texts justify themselves in an introductory section (prologue) where the "authors" extol the virtues of knowing about other world cultures and praise the veracity of eye-witness reports. I argue that although these dialogues present themselves as travel narratives that offer the Spanish crown useful ethnographic portraits of non-Christian cultures, their ulterior motive, and ultimate effect, is a critique of Christian Spain. Using genre theory as developed by Frederic Jameson and Claudio Guillén, I review how the dialogues are criss-crossed by other genres that contribute to their literary and thematic force. Chapter One introduces the texts, describes the theoretical framework and method of analysis that is used; and reviews the dissertation's structure. Chapter Two contextualizes the two dialogues, placing them within their historical times and places; and shows how the manuscripts' history, the play between interlocutors and their control of the narrative, the sort of portrait drawn of the non-Spanish culture, and other literary issues related to both form and the content reflect historical, philosophical, religious, and political realities. Chapter Three brings into play genre theory in order to identify the models for the dialogues under discussion, namely travel narratives (Marco Polo and John Mandeville), Plato's philosophical dialogues, and Lucian's satiric dialogues; and the other genres that they incorporate: other travel narratives of the period, autobiography, and picaresque.

There is innumerable literature that have appeared in our Tamil language which is the most ancient language in the world. Tamil literature has reached various stages of development from the Tholkappiyar period to the twentieth century. During the Sangam period, Sangam literature, Sangam literature during the Maruviya period, epics during the Chola period and Medieval literature during the Nayakas period were well understood. Each period in which Tamil literature appeared reflected the social, political, cultural and economic backgrounds of the time. Literature also needs to change according to social background as time goes on. It is the literature that appears to bring about such change that is enduring. Conceived in the Tholkappiya Noorpa, the Sangam literature have undergone various stages of development in the devotional literature, and the epics that have evolved into separate literary genres which have multiplied beyond the tradition of ninety-six epics during the Nayakas period. Some of the best-known literature of a given period stops its developmental stage with that period. However, Medieval literatures have been revived in the twentieth century with various changes in the subject matter and structure of society.

This book contains three 16th century Austrian tailors' guild masterbook manuscripts, or schnittbuch. These manuscripts were created by authors in three separate towns for a similar purpose: to help journeyman tailors study and pass the master tailor exam. The original manuscripts have been transcribed and translated into English. To assist the modern reader, additional information has been included to explain the historical context of the manuscripts and the included garments. Also included are: pattern diagrams, detailed descriptions of the cut and style, illustrations and painting depicting the garments, and similar extant museum items when possible

"Der Artikel zeigt an ausgewählten Beispielen aus der neuesten deutschen und polnischen faktualen und fiktionalen Literatur das Funktionieren der polnischen Putzfrau als eine symbolische Figur im kollektiven Bewusstsein in beiden Ländern zwischen 1980 und 2010." (Autorenreferat)