Suchergebnisse

The object of the study is customer loyalty promotion policy. The purpose of it is to analyze theoretical aspects of customer loyalty promotion policy and to examine customer loyalty promotion policy in telecommunication companies. The tasks of the study are as follows: to review customer loyalty promotion policy's conception, and categories of customer loyalty; overlook different theoretical viewpoints concerning client loyalty promotion policy and the instruments of it; analyze customer loyalty promotion policy in Lithuanian telecommunication companies: overlook overall present situation in Lithuanian telecommunication market; analyze principles of customer loyalty promotion policies applicable in Lithuanian telecommunication companies; analyze proportions of customer loyalty categories in the main Lithuanian companies; survey effectiveness of loyalty programs taking place in Lithuanian telecommunication market; summarize collected information; lay conclusions of the study and proposals to improve customer loyalty promotion policies in Lithuanian telecommunication companies. Theoretically customer loyalty promotion policy is perceived as a composition of five main factors: public communication and the image of company in the market; base and value added services; customer relationship management; customer service standard and loyalty programs. The effectiveness of customer loyalty promotion policy can be measured by dividing company's clients into customer loyalty categories. There are several methods for this process; all of them are executed by surveying customers. "Omnitel" and "Bitė Lietuva" do apply customer loyalty promotion policies and suggest client's loyalty programs. These programs are not managed effectively. The main reason of ineffectiveness for customer loyalty policy is a gap in communication between company and its customers. Company "Tele2" does not practice specific loyalty promotion policy concerning customers. The strategy of this company prefigures equal consumption opportunities for both new and existing clients. In Lithuanian telecommunications market there is focused change tendency from functional to the emotional service perception. Collected theoretical and practical information has been summarized. The proposals to improve principles of customer loyalty promotion policy in Lithuanian telecommunication companies are laid with reference to the results of the study. The study can be useful to telecommunication business companies, students and lectors of management and communication science fields.

The object of the study is customer loyalty promotion policy. The purpose of it is to analyze theoretical aspects of customer loyalty promotion policy and to examine customer loyalty promotion policy in telecommunication companies. The tasks of the study are as follows: to review customer loyalty promotion policy's conception, and categories of customer loyalty; overlook different theoretical viewpoints concerning client loyalty promotion policy and the instruments of it; analyze customer loyalty promotion policy in Lithuanian telecommunication companies: overlook overall present situation in Lithuanian telecommunication market; analyze principles of customer loyalty promotion policies applicable in Lithuanian telecommunication companies; analyze proportions of customer loyalty categories in the main Lithuanian companies; survey effectiveness of loyalty programs taking place in Lithuanian telecommunication market; summarize collected information; lay conclusions of the study and proposals to improve customer loyalty promotion policies in Lithuanian telecommunication companies. Theoretically customer loyalty promotion policy is perceived as a composition of five main factors: public communication and the image of company in the market; base and value added services; customer relationship management; customer service standard and loyalty programs. The effectiveness of customer loyalty promotion policy can be measured by dividing company's clients into customer loyalty categories. There are several methods for this process; all of them are executed by surveying customers. "Omnitel" and "Bitė Lietuva" do apply customer loyalty promotion policies and suggest client's loyalty programs. These programs are not managed effectively. The main reason of ineffectiveness for customer loyalty policy is a gap in communication between company and its customers. Company "Tele2" does not practice specific loyalty promotion policy concerning customers. The strategy of this company prefigures equal consumption opportunities for both new and existing clients. In Lithuanian telecommunications market there is focused change tendency from functional to the emotional service perception. Collected theoretical and practical information has been summarized. The proposals to improve principles of customer loyalty promotion policy in Lithuanian telecommunication companies are laid with reference to the results of the study. The study can be useful to telecommunication business companies, students and lectors of management and communication science fields.

The object of the study is customer loyalty promotion policy. The purpose of it is to analyze theoretical aspects of customer loyalty promotion policy and to examine customer loyalty promotion policy in telecommunication companies. The tasks of the study are as follows: to review customer loyalty promotion policy's conception, and categories of customer loyalty; overlook different theoretical viewpoints concerning client loyalty promotion policy and the instruments of it; analyze customer loyalty promotion policy in Lithuanian telecommunication companies: overlook overall present situation in Lithuanian telecommunication market; analyze principles of customer loyalty promotion policies applicable in Lithuanian telecommunication companies; analyze proportions of customer loyalty categories in the main Lithuanian companies; survey effectiveness of loyalty programs taking place in Lithuanian telecommunication market; summarize collected information; lay conclusions of the study and proposals to improve customer loyalty promotion policies in Lithuanian telecommunication companies. Theoretically customer loyalty promotion policy is perceived as a composition of five main factors: public communication and the image of company in the market; base and value added services; customer relationship management; customer service standard and loyalty programs. The effectiveness of customer loyalty promotion policy can be measured by dividing company's clients into customer loyalty categories. There are several methods for this process; all of them are executed by surveying customers. "Omnitel" and "Bitė Lietuva" do apply customer loyalty promotion policies and suggest client's loyalty programs. These programs are not managed effectively. The main reason of ineffectiveness for customer loyalty policy is a gap in communication between company and its customers. Company "Tele2" does not practice specific loyalty promotion policy concerning customers. The strategy of this company prefigures equal consumption opportunities for both new and existing clients. In Lithuanian telecommunications market there is focused change tendency from functional to the emotional service perception. Collected theoretical and practical information has been summarized. The proposals to improve principles of customer loyalty promotion policy in Lithuanian telecommunication companies are laid with reference to the results of the study. The study can be useful to telecommunication business companies, students and lectors of management and communication science fields.

The object of the study is customer loyalty promotion policy. The purpose of it is to analyze theoretical aspects of customer loyalty promotion policy and to examine customer loyalty promotion policy in telecommunication companies. The tasks of the study are as follows: to review customer loyalty promotion policy's conception, and categories of customer loyalty; overlook different theoretical viewpoints concerning client loyalty promotion policy and the instruments of it; analyze customer loyalty promotion policy in Lithuanian telecommunication companies: overlook overall present situation in Lithuanian telecommunication market; analyze principles of customer loyalty promotion policies applicable in Lithuanian telecommunication companies; analyze proportions of customer loyalty categories in the main Lithuanian companies; survey effectiveness of loyalty programs taking place in Lithuanian telecommunication market; summarize collected information; lay conclusions of the study and proposals to improve customer loyalty promotion policies in Lithuanian telecommunication companies. Theoretically customer loyalty promotion policy is perceived as a composition of five main factors: public communication and the image of company in the market; base and value added services; customer relationship management; customer service standard and loyalty programs. The effectiveness of customer loyalty promotion policy can be measured by dividing company's clients into customer loyalty categories. There are several methods for this process; all of them are executed by surveying customers. "Omnitel" and "Bitė Lietuva" do apply customer loyalty promotion policies and suggest client's loyalty programs. These programs are not managed effectively. The main reason of ineffectiveness for customer loyalty policy is a gap in communication between company and its customers. Company "Tele2" does not practice specific loyalty promotion policy concerning customers. The strategy of this company prefigures equal consumption opportunities for both new and existing clients. In Lithuanian telecommunications market there is focused change tendency from functional to the emotional service perception. Collected theoretical and practical information has been summarized. The proposals to improve principles of customer loyalty promotion policy in Lithuanian telecommunication companies are laid with reference to the results of the study. The study can be useful to telecommunication business companies, students and lectors of management and communication science fields.

Assessment of Loyalty Discounts in the case-law of European Union courts

Assessment of Loyalty Discounts in the case-law of European Union courts

Assessment of Loyalty Discounts in the case-law of European Union courts

Assessment of Loyalty Discounts in the case-law of European Union courts

Straipsnyje is viesosios tarnybos susitarimu modelio perspektyvos aptariamos viesojo sektoriaus politizacijos teorines prielaidos ir nagrinejamas sarysis su viesojo sektoriaus vadovu lojalumu politikams. Remiantis siomis izvalgomis aptariami Lietuvos viesajame valdyme istoriskai susikloste egalitariniai, o kai kuriais atvejais ir individualistiniai lojalumo elementai, kuriuos sustiprino fragmentuota sovietine institucine struktura su lygiagrecia personaliniu lojalumu ir neformaliu rysiu tinklu besiremiancia valdymo struktura. Taip pat apzvelgiama siandieninio Lietuvos viesojo valdymo lojalumo sampratos fragmentacija, parodant, kad politiku ir vadovu santykius apibrezti kaip sutarima galima tik tam tikruose sektoriuose, o daugumoje sriciu lojalumo aspekta politikai ir viesuju organizaciju vadovai interpretuoja skirtingai. Tai vyksta nepaisant bandymu institucionalizuoti su istorine tradicija nesisiejancia hierarchine lojalumo struktura This article deals with politicisation of the public sector in Lithuania in the context of ensuring loyalty of high public officials to the politics of the government of the day. The theoretical framework of Public Service Bargains (PSBs) was used in order to analyse historical changes and the contemporary perception of loyalty among politicians and high public officials. From the PSBs perspective a historically dominant egalitarian type of loyalty bargain with some individualistic elements among the ruling elite is discussed. During the Soviet period this type of loyalty bargain was secured by a personal loyalty network based on formal and informal ties. Integration to the EU was a factor that was used by the administrative elite of Lithuania in order to try eliminating most of the instruments ensuring formal loyalty and securing a hierarchical loyalty bargain in a formal and legalistic way without reaching a common understanding with politicians. Today's politico-administrative interaction provides a mixed picture regarding the praxis of loyalty bargain in the Lithuanian public sector. There is some evidence that politicians prefer an egalitarian loyalty bargain and do not recognise a formal hierarchical loyalty setting. This situation could be regarded as cheating on loyalty bargain from both sides that provoke politicians to search for new ways in achieving the loyalty of high public officials to the politics of the incumbent government and exercise politicisation practices for that purpose. Adapted from the source document.

The article discusses factors, determining loyalty of the European Parliament members, which is marginalized in most of researches on the European Parliament. The initial assumption holds that as given the rates of loyalty to the national states are high it is groundless to assess it as a neutral variable. Loyalty of the European Parliament members to national states can significantly contribute to the studies of European Parliament's internal relations and power contribution. The first section of this article presents and analyses main insights of the influence of national parties and political groups on the voting behavior of the European Parliament members, justifying objective reasons which caused marginalization of importance of the European Parliament members' loyalty to national states. It should be noted that the European Parliament members, like most of other politicians, have fixed set of objectives forming their choices. Goals of re-election, positions and policy (leading to power gains/losses) are leading. In the hands of national parties and political groups these goals become instruments of pressure and enforcement, determining behavior of the European Parliament members. National parties controlling the access of candidates to the electoral lists and defining their position on those lists gain extreme importance in the competition for loyalty. Since political groups of the European Parliament have dominant political force for the second objective of the parliament members each of them have an interest in maintaining balance between loyalty to the national party and particular political group. Loyalty to national states loses its importance as it has minimal influence on the success of achieving objectives of the parliament members. The second section is devoted to the research of links between voting of European Parliament members and their national states, more specifically -- to the analysis of European Parliament members' loyalty to their national states. Lithuania is chosen as a case study. The fact that loyalty to the national states during 2004-2009 and 2009-2014 terms of the European Parliament is over 85 % indicates that this variable should not be seen as accidental or insignificant. It is argued that loyalty to the national state mainly reflects voting unity of national delegation. The rest of this section analyzes factors which can explain why, despite the fact that national delegation is very diverse in the context of left-right ideological divide, rates of loyalty to the national states, demonstrated by the national delegations, remain very high. The article concludes stating that loyalty of European Parliament members to their national states is a valuable source of data for the analysis of the party behavior in the European Parliament as well as outside it and should not be overlooked. Adapted from the source document.

The article discusses factors, determining loyalty of the European Parliament members, which is marginalized in most of researches on the European Parliament. The initial assumption holds that as given the rates of loyalty to the national states are high it is groundless to assess it as a neutral variable. Loyalty of the European Parliament members to national states can significantly contribute to the studies of European Parliament's internal relations and power contribution. The first section of this article presents and analyses main insights of the influence of national parties and political groups on the voting behavior of the European Parliament members, justifying objective reasons which caused marginalization of importance of the European Parliament members' loyalty to national states. It should be noted that the European Parliament members, like most of other politicians, have fixed set of objectives forming their choices. Goals of re-election, positions and policy (leading to power gains/losses) are leading. In the hands of national parties and political groups these goals become instruments of pressure and enforcement, determining behavior of the European Parliament members. National parties controlling the access of candidates to the electoral lists and defining their position on those lists gain extreme importance in the competition for loyalty. Since political groups of the European Parliament have dominant political force for the second objective of the parliament members each of them have an interest in maintaining balance between loyalty to the national party and particular political group. Loyalty to national states loses its importance as it has minimal influence on the success of achieving objectives of the parliament members. The second section is devoted to the research of links between voting of European Parliament members and their national states, more specifically – to the analysis of European Parliament members' loyalty to their national states. Lithuania is chosen as a case study. The fact that loyalty to the national states during 2004–2009 and 2009–2014 terms of the European Parliament is over 85 % indicates that this variable should not be seen as accidental or insignificant. It is argued that loyalty to the national state mainly reflects voting unity of national delegation. The rest of this section analyzes factors which can explain why, despite the fact that national delegation is very diverse in the context of left-right ideological divide, rates of loyalty to the national states, demonstrated by the national delegations, remain very high. The article concludes stating that loyalty of European Parliament members to their national states is a valuable source of data for the analysis of the party behavior in the European Parliament as well as outside it and should not be overlooked.

The article discusses factors, determining loyalty of the European Parliament members, which is marginalized in most of researches on the European Parliament. The initial assumption holds that as given the rates of loyalty to the national states are high it is groundless to assess it as a neutral variable. Loyalty of the European Parliament members to national states can significantly contribute to the studies of European Parliament's internal relations and power contribution. The first section of this article presents and analyses main insights of the influence of national parties and political groups on the voting behavior of the European Parliament members, justifying objective reasons which caused marginalization of importance of the European Parliament members' loyalty to national states. It should be noted that the European Parliament members, like most of other politicians, have fixed set of objectives forming their choices. Goals of re-election, positions and policy (leading to power gains/losses) are leading. In the hands of national parties and political groups these goals become instruments of pressure and enforcement, determining behavior of the European Parliament members. National parties controlling the access of candidates to the electoral lists and defining their position on those lists gain extreme importance in the competition for loyalty. Since political groups of the European Parliament have dominant political force for the second objective of the parliament members each of them have an interest in maintaining balance between loyalty to the national party and particular political group. Loyalty to national states loses its importance as it has minimal influence on the success of achieving objectives of the parliament members. The second section is devoted to the research of links between voting of European Parliament members and their national states, more specifically – to the analysis of European Parliament members' loyalty to their national states. Lithuania is chosen as a case study. The fact that loyalty to the national states during 2004–2009 and 2009–2014 terms of the European Parliament is over 85 % indicates that this variable should not be seen as accidental or insignificant. It is argued that loyalty to the national state mainly reflects voting unity of national delegation. The rest of this section analyzes factors which can explain why, despite the fact that national delegation is very diverse in the context of left-right ideological divide, rates of loyalty to the national states, demonstrated by the national delegations, remain very high. The article concludes stating that loyalty of European Parliament members to their national states is a valuable source of data for the analysis of the party behavior in the European Parliament as well as outside it and should not be overlooked.

The article discusses factors, determining loyalty of the European Parliament members, which is marginalized in most of researches on the European Parliament. The initial assumption holds that as given the rates of loyalty to the national states are high it is groundless to assess it as a neutral variable. Loyalty of the European Parliament members to national states can significantly contribute to the studies of European Parliament's internal relations and power contribution. The first section of this article presents and analyses main insights of the influence of national parties and political groups on the voting behavior of the European Parliament members, justifying objective reasons which caused marginalization of importance of the European Parliament members' loyalty to national states. It should be noted that the European Parliament members, like most of other politicians, have fixed set of objectives forming their choices. Goals of re-election, positions and policy (leading to power gains/losses) are leading. In the hands of national parties and political groups these goals become instruments of pressure and enforcement, determining behavior of the European Parliament members. National parties controlling the access of candidates to the electoral lists and defining their position on those lists gain extreme importance in the competition for loyalty. Since political groups of the European Parliament have dominant political force for the second objective of the parliament members each of them have an interest in maintaining balance between loyalty to the national party and particular political group. Loyalty to national states loses its importance as it has minimal influence on the success of achieving objectives of the parliament members. The second section is devoted to the research of links between voting of European Parliament members and their national states, more specifically – to the analysis of European Parliament members' loyalty to their national states. Lithuania is chosen as a case study. The fact that loyalty to the national states during 2004–2009 and 2009–2014 terms of the European Parliament is over 85 % indicates that this variable should not be seen as accidental or insignificant. It is argued that loyalty to the national state mainly reflects voting unity of national delegation. The rest of this section analyzes factors which can explain why, despite the fact that national delegation is very diverse in the context of left-right ideological divide, rates of loyalty to the national states, demonstrated by the national delegations, remain very high. The article concludes stating that loyalty of European Parliament members to their national states is a valuable source of data for the analysis of the party behavior in the European Parliament as well as outside it and should not be overlooked.

The article discusses factors, determining loyalty of the European Parliament members, which is marginalized in most of researches on the European Parliament. The initial assumption holds that as given the rates of loyalty to the national states are high it is groundless to assess it as a neutral variable. Loyalty of the European Parliament members to national states can significantly contribute to the studies of European Parliament's internal relations and power contribution. The first section of this article presents and analyses main insights of the influence of national parties and political groups on the voting behavior of the European Parliament members, justifying objective reasons which caused marginalization of importance of the European Parliament members' loyalty to national states. It should be noted that the European Parliament members, like most of other politicians, have fixed set of objectives forming their choices. Goals of re-election, positions and policy (leading to power gains/losses) are leading. In the hands of national parties and political groups these goals become instruments of pressure and enforcement, determining behavior of the European Parliament members. National parties controlling the access of candidates to the electoral lists and defining their position on those lists gain extreme importance in the competition for loyalty. Since political groups of the European Parliament have dominant political force for the second objective of the parliament members each of them have an interest in maintaining balance between loyalty to the national party and particular political group. Loyalty to national states loses its importance as it has minimal influence on the success of achieving objectives of the parliament members. The second section is devoted to the research of links between voting of European Parliament members and their national states, more specifically – to the analysis of European Parliament members' loyalty to their national states. Lithuania is chosen as a case study. The fact that loyalty to the national states during 2004–2009 and 2009–2014 terms of the European Parliament is over 85 % indicates that this variable should not be seen as accidental or insignificant. It is argued that loyalty to the national state mainly reflects voting unity of national delegation. The rest of this section analyzes factors which can explain why, despite the fact that national delegation is very diverse in the context of left-right ideological divide, rates of loyalty to the national states, demonstrated by the national delegations, remain very high. The article concludes stating that loyalty of European Parliament members to their national states is a valuable source of data for the analysis of the party behavior in the European Parliament as well as outside it and should not be overlooked.

Contemporary international trademark management SUMMARY The objective of this master work is to analyze the globalization economy and how it influences the strategic trademark management, to show the main tendencies and effects of it. The chosen approach is the analysis of the trademark management aspects, such as global society, economical infrastructure and technological development of the market. This master work is written to show the most important evolution tendencies in the World, which influence international trademarks. Globalization and rapid Information Technology development are main reasons for trademarks becoming of a great importance. Present market situation show us that companies need to know, how to manage trademarks, and be able to leverage global markets and in this way to gain competitive advantages. It is one of the few strategic assets available to the company that can provide a long-lasting competitive advantage. There is also rediscovered that the best kind of loyalty is brand loyalty, not price loyalty or bargain loyalty, because in our materialistic societies, people want to give meaning to their consumptions. So, in this way, only brand that add value to the product and tell a story about the consumer, or situate their consumption in a ladder of immaterial values, can provide this meaning. Trademark management means systematic creation, processing, controlling and distribution of it, competence and expertise within the producer. The main features of the global trademark management are its innovative nature, openness, visual and dynamic. Consumers evaluate trademarks according to their image, value, notoriety, loyalty, because it expresses the main aim the trademark management – creating identity and unique. Trademark management is not the new sphere to the market. But now it has taken the main position in the World's political, economical, social, cultural evolution. It is caused by the informational, technological, innovations environment. Integrating into the global market, made the greatest influence national countries economical situation, it's trademark's management processes. Earlier they were concentrated on the local, national aspects, and now they have to be renewed with the international, global ones which give new potential for effective cooperation between: economics and science, public and private sectors all over the world. Trademark management plays an essential role in all global markets supporting new systems for business, social life, culture, increasing the effectiveness of the country's economy.