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Surveys exposing an uninformed public, journalism emphasizing interpretations, and news focused on showmanship have combined to change public life. As young adults abandon news, what do they substitute to become informed citizens? Life history narratives offer some answers. Young citizens form their political identities within personal networks, responding first to fiction television in the family and with peers. Their stories take place in small jurisdictions — home, school, church — where through media they confront the state as a force empowered to risk life. Politics principally involves forming opinions. In that process, young adults refer to news among many other sources: pop songs, TV commercials, documentaries, personal discussions. Because they cannot escape the media surround, their sense of power corresponds not to democratic theory but to the ideas of Foucault and Nietzsche, where citizens use the media to design their own bodies as political outposts.

International audience ; Reported incidence of pertussis in the European Union (EU) and the European Economic Area (EEA) varies and may not reflect the real situation, while vaccine-induced protection against diphtheria and tetanus seems sufficient. We aimed to determine the seroprevalence of DTP antibodies in EU/EEA countries within the age groups of 40–49 and 50–59 years. Eighteen countries collected around 500 samples between 2015 and 2018 (N = 10,302) which were analysed for IgG-DTP specific antibodies. The proportion of sera with pertussis toxin antibody levels ≥100 IU/mL, indicative of recent exposure to pertussis was comparable for 13/18 countries, ranging between 2.7–5.8%. For diphtheria the proportion of sera lacking the protective level (<0.1 IU/mL) varied between 22.8–82.0%. For tetanus the protection was sufficient. Here, we report that the seroprevalence of pertussis in these age groups indicates circulation of B. pertussis across EU/EEA while the lack of vaccine-induced seroprotection against diphtheria is of concern and deserves further attention.

International audience ; Reported incidence of pertussis in the European Union (EU) and the European Economic Area (EEA) varies and may not reflect the real situation, while vaccine-induced protection against diphtheria and tetanus seems sufficient. We aimed to determine the seroprevalence of DTP antibodies in EU/EEA countries within the age groups of 40–49 and 50–59 years. Eighteen countries collected around 500 samples between 2015 and 2018 (N = 10,302) which were analysed for IgG-DTP specific antibodies. The proportion of sera with pertussis toxin antibody levels ≥100 IU/mL, indicative of recent exposure to pertussis was comparable for 13/18 countries, ranging between 2.7–5.8%. For diphtheria the proportion of sera lacking the protective level (<0.1 IU/mL) varied between 22.8–82.0%. For tetanus the protection was sufficient. Here, we report that the seroprevalence of pertussis in these age groups indicates circulation of B. pertussis across EU/EEA while the lack of vaccine-induced seroprotection against diphtheria is of concern and deserves further attention.

International audience ; Reported incidence of pertussis in the European Union (EU) and the European Economic Area (EEA) varies and may not reflect the real situation, while vaccine-induced protection against diphtheria and tetanus seems sufficient. We aimed to determine the seroprevalence of DTP antibodies in EU/EEA countries within the age groups of 40–49 and 50–59 years. Eighteen countries collected around 500 samples between 2015 and 2018 (N = 10,302) which were analysed for IgG-DTP specific antibodies. The proportion of sera with pertussis toxin antibody levels ≥100 IU/mL, indicative of recent exposure to pertussis was comparable for 13/18 countries, ranging between 2.7–5.8%. For diphtheria the proportion of sera lacking the protective level (<0.1 IU/mL) varied between 22.8–82.0%. For tetanus the protection was sufficient. Here, we report that the seroprevalence of pertussis in these age groups indicates circulation of B. pertussis across EU/EEA while the lack of vaccine-induced seroprotection against diphtheria is of concern and deserves further attention.

International audience ; Reported incidence of pertussis in the European Union (EU) and the European Economic Area (EEA) varies and may not reflect the real situation, while vaccine-induced protection against diphtheria and tetanus seems sufficient. We aimed to determine the seroprevalence of DTP antibodies in EU/EEA countries within the age groups of 40–49 and 50–59 years. Eighteen countries collected around 500 samples between 2015 and 2018 (N = 10,302) which were analysed for IgG-DTP specific antibodies. The proportion of sera with pertussis toxin antibody levels ≥100 IU/mL, indicative of recent exposure to pertussis was comparable for 13/18 countries, ranging between 2.7–5.8%. For diphtheria the proportion of sera lacking the protective level (<0.1 IU/mL) varied between 22.8–82.0%. For tetanus the protection was sufficient. Here, we report that the seroprevalence of pertussis in these age groups indicates circulation of B. pertussis across EU/EEA while the lack of vaccine-induced seroprotection against diphtheria is of concern and deserves further attention.

International audience ; Objective Young people moving from child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to adult mental health services (AMHS) are faced with significant challenges. To improve this state of affairs, there needs to be a recognition of the problem and initiatives and an urgent requirement for appropriate tools for measuring readiness and outcomes at the transfer boundary (16–18 years of age in Europe). The objective of this study was to develop and validate the Transition Readiness and Appropriateness Measure (TRAM) for assessing a young person's readiness for transition, and their outcomes at the transfer boundary. Design MILESTONE prospective study. Setting Eight European Union (EU) countries participating in the EU-funded MILESTONE study. Participants The first phase (MILESTONE validation study) involved 100 adolescents (pre-transition), young adults (post-transition), parents/carers and both CAMHS and AMHS clinicians. The second phase (MILESTONE cohort study and nested cluster randomised trial) involved over 1000 young people. Results The development of the TRAM began with a literature review on transitioning and a review of important items regarding transition by a panel of 34 mental health experts. A list of 64 items of potential importance were identified, which together comprised the TRAM. The psychometric properties of the different versions of the TRAM were evaluated and showed that the TRAM had good reliability for all versions and low-to-moderate correlations when compared with other established instruments and a well-defined factor structure. The main results of the cohort study with the nested cluster randomised trial are not reported. Conclusion The TRAM is a reliable instrument for assessing transition readiness and appropriateness. It highlighted the barriers to a successful transition and informed clinicians, identifying areas which clinicians on both sides of the transfer boundary can work on to ease the transition for the young person. Trial registration number ...

International audience ; Objective Young people moving from child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to adult mental health services (AMHS) are faced with significant challenges. To improve this state of affairs, there needs to be a recognition of the problem and initiatives and an urgent requirement for appropriate tools for measuring readiness and outcomes at the transfer boundary (16–18 years of age in Europe). The objective of this study was to develop and validate the Transition Readiness and Appropriateness Measure (TRAM) for assessing a young person's readiness for transition, and their outcomes at the transfer boundary. Design MILESTONE prospective study. Setting Eight European Union (EU) countries participating in the EU-funded MILESTONE study. Participants The first phase (MILESTONE validation study) involved 100 adolescents (pre-transition), young adults (post-transition), parents/carers and both CAMHS and AMHS clinicians. The second phase (MILESTONE cohort study and nested cluster randomised trial) involved over 1000 young people. Results The development of the TRAM began with a literature review on transitioning and a review of important items regarding transition by a panel of 34 mental health experts. A list of 64 items of potential importance were identified, which together comprised the TRAM. The psychometric properties of the different versions of the TRAM were evaluated and showed that the TRAM had good reliability for all versions and low-to-moderate correlations when compared with other established instruments and a well-defined factor structure. The main results of the cohort study with the nested cluster randomised trial are not reported. Conclusion The TRAM is a reliable instrument for assessing transition readiness and appropriateness. It highlighted the barriers to a successful transition and informed clinicians, identifying areas which clinicians on both sides of the transfer boundary can work on to ease the transition for the young person. Trial registration number ...

INTRODUCTION: Dysbaric osteonecrosis is a rare illness in professional divers and compressed-air workers. The correlation between dysbaric osteonecrosis and previous decompression sickness with osteoarthromuscular pain (type 1 decompression sickness) remains a controversial subject. The probability for ischemic lesions detected with MRI to turn into osteonecrosis after decompression sickness is still not established. EXEGESIS: The authors report the case of a military diver declared definitely medically unfit to dive after the occurrence of advanced dysbaric osteonecrosis of the shoulder, eight months after decompression sickness treated with hyperbaric oxygen, in the same area. A close link between those two events and the requirement for monitoring the follow-up of acute type 1 decompression sickness are discussed. CONCLUSION: Every decompression sickness with osteoarthromuscular pain should be early examined with MRI in order to screen osteomedullar damages liable to worse with diving and change subsequently in bone necrosis.

INTRODUCTION: Dysbaric osteonecrosis is a rare illness in professional divers and compressed-air workers. The correlation between dysbaric osteonecrosis and previous decompression sickness with osteoarthromuscular pain (type 1 decompression sickness) remains a controversial subject. The probability for ischemic lesions detected with MRI to turn into osteonecrosis after decompression sickness is still not established. EXEGESIS: The authors report the case of a military diver declared definitely medically unfit to dive after the occurrence of advanced dysbaric osteonecrosis of the shoulder, eight months after decompression sickness treated with hyperbaric oxygen, in the same area. A close link between those two events and the requirement for monitoring the follow-up of acute type 1 decompression sickness are discussed. CONCLUSION: Every decompression sickness with osteoarthromuscular pain should be early examined with MRI in order to screen osteomedullar damages liable to worse with diving and change subsequently in bone necrosis.

Les infections sexuellement transmissibles (IST) regroupent un certain nombre d'infections dont les agents pathogènes se transmettent principalement lors de rapports sexuels. Selon l'OMS, plus d'un million de personnes contractent une IST chaque jour dans le monde. Récemment il existe une recrudescence importante des IST, dont l'augmentation de l'incidence est particulièrement notable chez les jeunes adultes. En effet, le nombre d'adolescents infectés dans le monde par le VIH a augmenté de 33% depuis 2001 alors que les contaminations globales ont reculé de 20% sur cette même période (OMS, 2017). Ce constat est en lien avec l'existence de comportements sexuels à risque dans cette population ainsi qu'une mauvaise connaissance des modalités de transmissions des IST. Les visites régulières chez le chirurgien-dentiste, encouragées par la politique de santé bucco-dentaire actuelle (bilan bucco-dentaire, incidence carieuse élevée, traitement orthodontique…), font qu'il est un interlocuteur régulier et privilégié pour la jeune patientèle. Il peut donc agir au niveau de la prévention, la détection et le dépistage des IST chez les adolescents et les jeunes adultes. Le CD, peut alors être amené à aborder la sexualité avec les jeunes adultes et notamment d'en expliquer les risques selon le type de rapport, participant ainsi à la prévention de la transmission de ces pathologies. De plus, un grand nombre d'IST se manifestant par des signes cliniques buccaux, le CD, expert de la cavité orale, est également amené à détecter des lésions suspectes, dépister et diagnostiquer ces pathologies. L'objectif de ce travail est d'établir un état des lieux des IST ayant une manifestation orale et d'en répertorier les aspects cliniques. Il a également pour but, d'étudier les comportements sexuels à risques des jeunes adultes. Cela afin de donner les outils nécessaires au CD pour aborder le sujet de la sexualité en expliquant les risques associés à certaines pratiques et d'effectuer une prévention de contraction des IST, l'aider à observer, identifier et diagnostiquer les lésions suspectes, ainsi qu'à les prendre en charge et/ou orienter vers des services hospitaliers adéquats les jeunes patients présentant des IST. Le CD devrait donc être positionné comme un acteur indispensable à la prévention et au dépistage précoce de ces pathologies bien qu'il existe certaines limites sur leur application en cabinet libéral.

Les infections sexuellement transmissibles (IST) regroupent un certain nombre d'infections dont les agents pathogènes se transmettent principalement lors de rapports sexuels. Selon l'OMS, plus d'un million de personnes contractent une IST chaque jour dans le monde. Récemment il existe une recrudescence importante des IST, dont l'augmentation de l'incidence est particulièrement notable chez les jeunes adultes. En effet, le nombre d'adolescents infectés dans le monde par le VIH a augmenté de 33% depuis 2001 alors que les contaminations globales ont reculé de 20% sur cette même période (OMS, 2017). Ce constat est en lien avec l'existence de comportements sexuels à risque dans cette population ainsi qu'une mauvaise connaissance des modalités de transmissions des IST. Les visites régulières chez le chirurgien-dentiste, encouragées par la politique de santé bucco-dentaire actuelle (bilan bucco-dentaire, incidence carieuse élevée, traitement orthodontique…), font qu'il est un interlocuteur régulier et privilégié pour la jeune patientèle. Il peut donc agir au niveau de la prévention, la détection et le dépistage des IST chez les adolescents et les jeunes adultes. Le CD, peut alors être amené à aborder la sexualité avec les jeunes adultes et notamment d'en expliquer les risques selon le type de rapport, participant ainsi à la prévention de la transmission de ces pathologies. De plus, un grand nombre d'IST se manifestant par des signes cliniques buccaux, le CD, expert de la cavité orale, est également amené à détecter des lésions suspectes, dépister et diagnostiquer ces pathologies. L'objectif de ce travail est d'établir un état des lieux des IST ayant une manifestation orale et d'en répertorier les aspects cliniques. Il a également pour but, d'étudier les comportements sexuels à risques des jeunes adultes. Cela afin de donner les outils nécessaires au CD pour aborder le sujet de la sexualité en expliquant les risques associés à certaines pratiques et d'effectuer une prévention de contraction des IST, l'aider à observer, identifier et diagnostiquer les lésions suspectes, ainsi qu'à les prendre en charge et/ou orienter vers des services hospitaliers adéquats les jeunes patients présentant des IST. Le CD devrait donc être positionné comme un acteur indispensable à la prévention et au dépistage précoce de ces pathologies bien qu'il existe certaines limites sur leur application en cabinet libéral.

OBJECTIVES: The N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (N-BNP) is a promising cardiac natriuretic peptide used as a clinical hormonal marker in cardiac dysfunction. The main stimulus for N-BNP synthesis and secretion is cardiac wall stress, which is recognized as a common denominator of many cardiac diseases. Diving is associated with environmental factors leading to variations in thoracic blood volume and hemodynamic changes. The purpose of the present study was to examine the changes in the concentration of N-BNP in healthy men during and after scuba diving. METHOD: There were 10 healthy military divers (mean age 33 yr) who performed a dive in the sea for 1 h at 10 m depth. Venous blood samples were taken at timed intervals to allow evaluation of plasma levels of N-BNP at different steps, namely at To (before immersion), at T30 min (during the dive, after a short surfacing), at T60 min (right after surfacing), at T300 min (post-dive), and finally at T24 h. Peptide blood concentrations were determined by electrochemoluminiscence immunoassay. Data were analyzed using parametric statistics. RESULTS: When compared with To, the results show a significant increase of N-BNP levels (in % of baseline levels) at T60(128 +/- 5%, p < 0.043) and at T300 (149 +/- 8%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This preliminary study reveals that N-BNP rises with scuba diving. Our findings suggest that diving involves a mechanical strain on the heart with a persistent endocrine myocardial activity post-dive.

OBJECTIVES: The N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (N-BNP) is a promising cardiac natriuretic peptide used as a clinical hormonal marker in cardiac dysfunction. The main stimulus for N-BNP synthesis and secretion is cardiac wall stress, which is recognized as a common denominator of many cardiac diseases. Diving is associated with environmental factors leading to variations in thoracic blood volume and hemodynamic changes. The purpose of the present study was to examine the changes in the concentration of N-BNP in healthy men during and after scuba diving. METHOD: There were 10 healthy military divers (mean age 33 yr) who performed a dive in the sea for 1 h at 10 m depth. Venous blood samples were taken at timed intervals to allow evaluation of plasma levels of N-BNP at different steps, namely at To (before immersion), at T30 min (during the dive, after a short surfacing), at T60 min (right after surfacing), at T300 min (post-dive), and finally at T24 h. Peptide blood concentrations were determined by electrochemoluminiscence immunoassay. Data were analyzed using parametric statistics. RESULTS: When compared with To, the results show a significant increase of N-BNP levels (in % of baseline levels) at T60(128 +/- 5%, p < 0.043) and at T300 (149 +/- 8%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This preliminary study reveals that N-BNP rises with scuba diving. Our findings suggest that diving involves a mechanical strain on the heart with a persistent endocrine myocardial activity post-dive.

Introduction: the study of a population's health state is linked to the development of health policy choices. These measures make it possible to reach the socio-demographic characteristics, life habits and prevalence of pathologies impacting the individual. The environments in which the French military operates necessitate the medical selection of candidates when enlisting in the armies. They receive a complete medical examination and screening. While this medical expertise is oriented towards military fitness, it identifies a significant amount of data, allowing the study of the health status of the population that wishes to join the Armed Forces. Methods: a descriptive epidemiological study carried out within the 1st Antenna of Initial Military Expertise including all applicants for the engagement throughout June 2017, based on the data of the Medical-Biographical Questionnaires and the examination of the military selection physician. Results: 637 candidates were included. 86% of them were males, with an average age of 21.33 years, from Île de France, with a level of education equivalent to the end of secondary school, 34% of them were smokers and practiced on average 4.34 hours of sports per week. 87.4% of the candidates were fit for the enlisting, 40% of the reasons for incapacity were cardiac or orthopedic. Conclusion: the population wishing to join the Armed Forces has particular sociobiological characteristics compared to the general population of the same age. This systematic examination in adulthood led to 79 specialized investigations for the benefit of individuals. ; Introduction : l'étude de l'état de santé d'une population est liée à la construction des volontés politiques sanitaires, ces mesures permettant d'approcher les caractéristiques socio-démographiques, des habitudes de vie et de prévalence des pathologies impactant l'individu. Les environnements dans lesquels évoluent les militaires français imposent la sélection médicale des candidats à l'engagement dans les Armées. Ceux-ci bénéficient d'un examen médical complet et de la réalisation de dépistages. Si cette expertise médicale est orientée vers l'aptitude à un emploi militaire, elle recense un grand nombre de données permettant l'étude de l'état de santé de la population souhaitant s'engager dans les Armées. Méthodes : étude épidémiologique descriptive réalisée au sein de la 1ère Antenne d'Expertises Militaires Initiales incluant tous les candidats à l'engagement durant tout le mois de Juin 2017, à partir des données des Questionnaires Médico-Biographiques et de l'examen du médecin militaire de sélection. Résultats : 637 candidats ont été inclus. 86% d'entre eux étaient de sexe masculin, d'âge moyen de 21,33 ans, étaient issus d'Île de France, avec un niveau scolaire équivalent à la fin du secondaire, 34% étaient fumeurs et pratiquaient en moyenne 4,34 heures de sport par semaine. 87,4% des candidats étaient aptes, 40% des motifs d'inaptitude étaient cardiologiques ou orthopédiques. Conclusion : la population souhaitant s'engager dans les Armées possède des caractéristiques sociobiologiques particulières par rapport à la population générale du même âge. Cet examen systématique à l'âge adulte a permis de faire réaliser 79 explorations spécialisées au bénéfice des individus.

Introduction: the study of a population's health state is linked to the development of health policy choices. These measures make it possible to reach the socio-demographic characteristics, life habits and prevalence of pathologies impacting the individual. The environments in which the French military operates necessitate the medical selection of candidates when enlisting in the armies. They receive a complete medical examination and screening. While this medical expertise is oriented towards military fitness, it identifies a significant amount of data, allowing the study of the health status of the population that wishes to join the Armed Forces. Methods: a descriptive epidemiological study carried out within the 1st Antenna of Initial Military Expertise including all applicants for the engagement throughout June 2017, based on the data of the Medical-Biographical Questionnaires and the examination of the military selection physician. Results: 637 candidates were included. 86% of them were males, with an average age of 21.33 years, from Île de France, with a level of education equivalent to the end of secondary school, 34% of them were smokers and practiced on average 4.34 hours of sports per week. 87.4% of the candidates were fit for the enlisting, 40% of the reasons for incapacity were cardiac or orthopedic. Conclusion: the population wishing to join the Armed Forces has particular sociobiological characteristics compared to the general population of the same age. This systematic examination in adulthood led to 79 specialized investigations for the benefit of individuals. ; Introduction : l'étude de l'état de santé d'une population est liée à la construction des volontés politiques sanitaires, ces mesures permettant d'approcher les caractéristiques socio-démographiques, des habitudes de vie et de prévalence des pathologies impactant l'individu. Les environnements dans lesquels évoluent les militaires français imposent la sélection médicale des candidats à l'engagement dans les Armées. Ceux-ci bénéficient d'un examen médical complet et de la réalisation de dépistages. Si cette expertise médicale est orientée vers l'aptitude à un emploi militaire, elle recense un grand nombre de données permettant l'étude de l'état de santé de la population souhaitant s'engager dans les Armées. Méthodes : étude épidémiologique descriptive réalisée au sein de la 1ère Antenne d'Expertises Militaires Initiales incluant tous les candidats à l'engagement durant tout le mois de Juin 2017, à partir des données des Questionnaires Médico-Biographiques et de l'examen du médecin militaire de sélection. Résultats : 637 candidats ont été inclus. 86% d'entre eux étaient de sexe masculin, d'âge moyen de 21,33 ans, étaient issus d'Île de France, avec un niveau scolaire équivalent à la fin du secondaire, 34% étaient fumeurs et pratiquaient en moyenne 4,34 heures de sport par semaine. 87,4% des candidats étaient aptes, 40% des motifs d'inaptitude étaient cardiologiques ou orthopédiques. Conclusion : la population souhaitant s'engager dans les Armées possède des caractéristiques sociobiologiques particulières par rapport à la population générale du même âge. Cet examen systématique à l'âge adulte a permis de faire réaliser 79 explorations spécialisées au bénéfice des individus.