Suchergebnisse

Vor dem Hintergrund der Entwicklungsgeschichte der malaysischen Streitkräfte, die erst unter dem Eindruck des vietnamesischen Einmarsches in Kampuchea 1979 auf der Grundlage des Perista-Programms (Armed Forces Special Modernisation and Expansion Programme) zu einer Verteidigungsmacht geformt wurden, werden die Kommandostruktur sowie Stärke und Ausrüstung der Teilstreitkräfte beschrieben. Eine erhebliche Reduktion der Militäraufwendungen ab 1986 führte zur Betonung des Konzeptes der "totalen Verteidigung", die Polizei und Zivilisten einbezieht und die wirtschaftliche und soziale Entwicklung als wichtige Faktoren der Verteidigung betrachtet. (DÜI-Sch)

The year 2014 saw four significant developments in Malaysia: the mishandling of the missing flight MH 370 jetliner; rejection of the use of the term "Allah" in a Malay-language Christian publication; an anti-sedition blitz; and the resignation of the Selangor chief minister. However, Malaysia managed its foreign and economic affairs reasonably well.

The most important event to take place in Malaysia during 2013 was its general election. The incumbent National Front government was returned to power, though with less than a majority of the popular vote. The government then rewarded Malay supporters with new affirmative action programs. It also repulsed an armed incursion into Sabah launched from the southern Philippines.

The Najib government continued to consolidate its political hold on Malaysia in 2017. Various factors, including a moderately improved economic situation and a relatively generous 2018 budget, suggested that it had good prospects for winning the next election, to be held at the latest in August 2018. Beyond party politics, however, there were indications of deep change taking place in Malaysian society—deep enough to raise questions about the nation's identity.

After the stunning victory of Pakatan Harapan (Alliance of Hope) over the incumbent Barisan Nasional (National Front) in May 2018's 14th Malaysian General Election, 2019 was a year of political transition, with Pakatan governing, Barisan rising from its political grave, and the Malaysian people getting accustomed to a two-party coalition system. In a chaotic year of party-political and electoral fatigue, social discontent, and economic slowdown, Malaysia endured its domestic troubles to remain a stable country.

The government of Najib Razak in Malaysia came increasingly under siege in 2015 from within his party, the opposition, and many NGOs. Najib managed to survive, but his hold on power is not solid. Meanwhile, Malaysia's chairmanship of ASEAN was uneventful, relations with U.S. and China remained good, and GDP growth slowed compared with 2014.

It was a tumultuous year for Malaysia. As the country was experiencing the onset of the first wave of COVID-19 in late February 2020, the majority coalition, the Alliance of Hope (Pakatan Harapan) that formed the federal government at the time broke apart due to defections, symbolized by the so-called Sheraton Move. A new government led by the National Alliance (Perikatan Nasional, PN) coalition came into power after the king appointed its leader, Muhyiddin Yassin, prime minister, replacing Mahathir Mohamad. The PN government immediately faced two severe challenges: the global pandemic threat and the crisis of legitimacy due to weak coalition building. This article mainly focuses on the second challenge, namely the ways the PN government has been able to avoid a parliamentary vote of no confidence and keep its coalition intact, albeit precariously.