Mind is very restless, forceful and strong, O Krishna, it is more difficult to control the mind than to control the wind. ~ Arjuna to Sri Krishna- Bhagavad Gita Management is a process of aligning people and getting them committed to work for a common goal to the maximum social benefit - in search of excellence. The critical question in all managers' minds is how to be effective in their job. The answer to this fundamental question is found in the Bhagavad Gita, which repeatedly proclaims that "you must try to manage yourself." The reason is that unless a manager reaches a level of excellence and effectiveness, he or she will be merely a face in the crowd. The classical Indian epics written thousands of years ago, enlightens us on all managerial techniques leading us towards a harmonious and blissful state of affairs in place of the conflict, tensions, poor productivity, absence of motivation and so on, common in most of Indian enterprises today and probably in enterprises in many other countries. The modern (Western) management concepts of vision, leadership, motivation, excellence in work, achieving goals, giving work meaning, decision making and planning, are all discussed in the Bhagavad Gita. While Western management thought too often deals with problems at material, external and peripheral levels, the Indian thought tackles the issues from the grass roots level of human thinking. Once the basic thinking of man is improved, it will automatically enhance the quality of his actions and their results.Management is, therefore, all about man and about his development, not merely his body, mind or intellect but his heart. It is when heart responds to heart that a static organization becomes transformed into dynamic one
: Based on Presidential Instruction Number 7 of 2015, the Indonesian Prosecutor's Office deems it necessary to provide assistance to relevant government officials in terms of development acceleration and strategic national development programs. In addition, the Indonesian Attorney General's Office as a law enforcement agency has a role in supporting the success of national government and regional governance and development through escort and security, both in planning, implementing and utilizing development outcomes, including efforts to prevent state irregularities and losses. The establishment of TP4D in Semarang Regency, as an effort to be able to prevent the occurrence of Corruption Crime (Tipikor), mainly related to Village Fund Financial Management (APB Desa). In the effort to prevent Tipikor in managing APBDesa often faced with internal problems of the Village Government, among others: low levels of devotion, low ethics and integrity, egoistic behavior, low professionalism. While those related to external problems, among others: the first factor of the government administration system, in the form of: regulations that are still overlapping, sectoral and institutional selfishness, limited internal supervision, development of HR management is still limited. The second is related to cultural factors, among others: the existence of a culture of "tired money / facilitation money" as an additional income for the apparatus, an attitude of reluctance, and a shift in social and economic values. The strategy that has been carried out by the Semarang District Government and the Village Government in suppressing the occurrence of corruption in APBDesa management, namely, among others: strengthening the Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus (APIP) institutions, monitoring planning, implementation and accountability, conducting APBDesa information disclosure, and increasing HR Village Apparatus
The border areas between countries in Indonesia are faced important problems caused by the clash of management authorities, poverty, development disparities, technological mastery gaps. The promising potential of natural resources is not fully maximized. This condition reflects the need for responsive and progressive local regulations to anticipate the problems that occur. The commitment of the Regional Government is a priority to build a prosperous and socially equitable border area for the community. The border area in Sambas Regency requires products from Regional Regulations which can contain integrated border area management values, especially concerning the authority for border management which does not only emphasize infrastructure and physical development, but also must be considered the level of welfare of border communities. The policies and development carried out by the Central Government will not be able to be felt in the border area as long as the Regional Government has not been able to translate it into the local regulation order. .
This article discusses election governance based on public participation with qualitative research methods, the approach used in case studies in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) Province, the region is one of thirty-four province in Indonesia. Governance is an approach that is considered relevant, because election governance is its manifestation. The results show that the Regional of General Election Commission of NTB as the authority of election organizers succeeded in building a model of election governance based on public participation through three strategies, namely the movement to protect suffrage, family-based voter education, and voter education based on educational institutions. These three models are designed through three approaches, namely multi-stakeholder partnership, convergence, safety and public health of disaster areas. The methods of implementation include; short videos about elections, consistent use of mass media and continuous election classes. The impact of the public participation-based election governance model in NTB is that the number of public participation in 2019 Elections increased to 82 percent compared to 2014 Election of 77.32 percent where the model has not been implemented. The obstacles faced in building participatory-based election governance are two, namely; the issue of legitimacy provided by the Electoral Law and has not been made the education of voters as core business of General Commission Election, while voter education is an effective instrument in developing public participation. The solution is necessary to change article 3 and article 15 (Presiden Republik Indonesia, 2017) on the elections to include participation as the principle of organizing elections. In addition, voter education should be the core business from the national to the regions.
Coronavirus pandemic has affected many lives, and several rigid rules and policies had to be implemented across the globe to curb the spread of the disease. A nation-wide lockdown was announced on March 22, 2020, in India to curb the spread of the Coronavirus (COVID – 19) pandemic. The entire nation was brought to a standstill with only the essential services running. The pandemic had put many of the organizations on the moratorium, especially the travel industry. Indian Railways were no exception to it. But they have risen to the occasion to stand strong with the nation. The efficient disaster management planning of the Indian railways has helped them to fight the battle bravely. Though the passenger trains were brought to a halt in the initial lockdown period, the freight services were functional, carrying out essential duties during the lockdown. From manufacturing and distribution of PPE kits, transportation of essential commodities, service from medical warriors, Indian Railways has taken all the possible steps in the nation's fight against the pandemic. This article focuses on the COVID-19 guidelines followed by the Indian Railways and their noble work during the COVID-19 national crisis for the wellbeing of employees, passengers, and the general public by using secondary data such as journals, newspapers, magazines, and memorandums.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. The virus that causes COVID-19 spreads mainly when an infected person is in close contact with another person. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of COVID-19 on different countries, using USA as comparism factor. Ninety four countries were selected based on their continents, countries and cases of infection. Data from each country were obtained from United Nations Geoscheme and WHO and were analyzed and compared to that of the United State of America (USA).Data analyzed revealed that most countries in Africa appears to be least affected by the virus. Data also revealed that many countries have been able to understand and manage the spread and infectivity of the virus compared to the USA. Result from the study also showed that the many countries have been able to improve on managing the infection when compared to USA mortality. This may be due to among other factors a more robust immune response, herd immunity and united approach in the management of the disease. The result also helps to provide insight as to how significant developing and providing vaccine may be to this part of the world. Result from the study suggests that while Africa has a better immunity for the virus, there seems to be improvement the management of disease by other continent.
The efforts to save the environment have actually been carried out, both through awareness to the community and stakeholders. One of the actors who play an important role in saving the environment is the community through the business world. This gave birth to a model, namely ecopreneurship. This paper aims to find a model of the role of non-government actors in realizing ecopreneurship based on environmental security. The method used to analyze this is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The results of this study found that ecopreneurship is an effort made in order to preserve the sustainable on environmental security by the role of non-government actors. The role of non-government actors is implemented through the role of Karang Taruna Batu Bejamban, waste banks, and sustainable environmental management in the context of realizing ecopreneurship.
The Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR4.0) is taking shape and has a strong impact on all areas of social life. For the state administration, the IR4.0 creates many opportunities as well as challenges that require managers to promptly grasp to have appropriate orientations and solutions, to perfect the state administration, to meet the requirements of national development. On the basis of analyzing the positive effects and challenges of IR4.0 on the reform of the state administration, the article proposes a number of recommendations: actively improve the institutional system of the administration, create a legal corridor for the development of industries and fields; promote the application of modern technological achievements to the management activities of administrative agencies; actively, proactively build and improve the qualifications and capacity of civil servants. Thereby, it will continue to perfect the state administration, and meet the requirements of IR4.0.
The EU lacks a single legislation on port matters, except for provisions concerning port facilities and the operations of certain technical port services. Europe has more than 1200 ports, of which 319 are global and basic, integrated into the TransEuropean Transport Networks as a whole. Ports play an essential role in the EU trade and passenger services, as they are key nodes in global trade networks. 74% of non-EU trade takes place through ports. The European port sector is not homogeneous and is based on different organizational models. European port diversity (in term of size and type of organizational) makes it difficult to define a joint strategy. This work addresses the analysis of progress in the construction of a common port policy, as well as the different cross-conceptions of the maritime port business agents. ; La Unión Europea carece de una legislación única en materia portuaria, salvo disposiciones relativas a las instalaciones portuarias y al funcionamiento de determinados servicios técnico-náuticos. Europa cuenta con más de 1.200 puertos, de los que 319 entre globales y básicos están integrados en el conjunto de las Redes Transeuropeas de Transporte. Los puertos desempeñan un rol esencial en lo que se refiere a los intercambios comerciales de la UE y en lo que concierne al servicio de pasajeros en la medida que son nodos clave en la red comercial mundial. Así, el 74% de las mercancías extracomunitarias se envían a través de los puertos. El sector portuario europeo no es homogéneo y reposa sobre diversos modelos organizativos. La diversidad portuaria europea, con diferenciación significativa en cuanto a tamaño, tipo, organización y forma de conectarse, hace difícil definir una estrategia conjunta para afrontar los grandes retos actuales. El trabajo aborda el análisis de los avances en la construcción de una política común portuaria y al mismo tiempo se exponen las distintas concepciones cruzadas de los actores del negocio marítimo y portuario. ; A Unión Europea carece dunha lexislación única en materia portuaria, agás disposicións relativas ás instalacións portuarias e ao funcionamento de determinados servizos técnico-náuticos. Europa conta con máis de 1.200 portos, dos que 319 entre glo-bais e básicos están integrados no conxunto das Redes Transeuropeas de Transporte. Os portos desempeñan un rol esencial no tocante aos intercambios comerciais da UE e no que concirne ao servizo de pasaxeiros na medida en que son nós claves na rede comercial mundial. Así, o 74% das mercadorías extracomunitarias envíanse a través dos portos. O sector portuario eu-ropeo non é homoxéneo e repousa sobre diversos modelos organizativos. A diversidade portuaria europea, con diferencia-ción significativa en canto a tamaño, tipo, organización e forma de conectarse, fai difícil definir unha estratexia conxunta para afrontar os grandes retos actuais. O traballo aborda a análise dos avances na construción dunha política común portuaria e asemade expóñense as distintas concepcións cruzadas dos actores do negocio marítimo e portuario.
Election remains the most peaceful means of instituting and institutionalizing democratic government. Liberal democratic theorists argue on the primacy of election as an essential element of democracy. Since the commencement of the Fourth Republic, Nigeria had conducted six successive elections to deepen democratic rule. However, election postponement is fast becoming a recurring decimal in the political landscape. Taken 2019 General election as a unit of analysis, this paper examined the implication of election postponement on the future of democracy in Nigeria. Data were generated from secondary sources, including Textbooks, Journals and Internet, to provide information on the concept of Democracy and 2019 elections. These were subjected to descriptive and content analysis. 2019 Election postponement had cost Nigeria political, economic and social fortunes. It had undermined the integrity of the electoral process resulting in voter apathy. Nigeria lost billions of naira as a result of shutdown of businesses. It resulted in additional financial burden in the conduct of the election. The paper recommends that Nigeria's Electoral Management body needs to be re-engineered to be able to cope with responsibility of conducting election on schedule. Private institutions should be strategically employed to engage in election logistics such as handling of sensitive materials and on-time delivery of these materials. Also, there is need to give a thoughtful consideration to electronic voting, that should take care of the logistics problem of conducting election in Nigeria.
The goal of the election is not only to determine the outcomes but also to lend credence to the winners, even for those voters who did not bother voting for them. This underlines the necessity of holding free, fair, and hidden elections. Component of all this is that elections are controlled by open and accountable, neutral, and autonomous electoral-management bodies. Utilizing technology in voting procedures can make it quicker, more efficient, and less susceptible to security breaches. The technology can ensure the safety of every vote, better and faster and much more accurate counting and automatic tallying. The design of a sophisticated voting system is a complex task as it has to fulfill several essential criteria. The secrecy of an elector's poll is to be well-preserved. The voting system should not give any evidence that proves which candidate receives a particular voter's vote. The process uses minimum paper documents and is therefore environmentally friendly. Bio-metric or retina scans can be used to ensure security. The e-voting system is vulnerable to several serious attacks from external sources. There is indeed a likelihood that anybody who has immediate access to the e-voting system can access it suspiciously. Malevolent software can steal one candidate's votes and assign them to some other. An attacker may deny officials access to the e-voting arrangement or render an e-voting structure unavailable for the Election Day voting process. This is known as a service denial (DoS) attack. But this kind of threat is hard to detect. A large number of questionable and invalid votes are the big problem with traditional paper-ballot based voting system. This phenomenon will be eliminated if the e-voting system is used. In addition to the speed of counting and reduction of errors the e-voting system offers some more advantages such as accessibility, verifiability, and availability. When the e-voting system is integrated with the Internet, any eligible voter can vote from anywhere as there will be two or more ...
O método de valoración continxente (MVC) baséase na construción de mercados hipotéticos a través dunha enquisa, onde normalmente se lles pregunta aos entrevistados pola súa disposición a pagar (DAP) por un determinado ben que carece de mercado e, polo tanto, de prezo. O obxectivo principal deste traballo é identificar as variables explicativas que condicionan a DAP dos visitantes por gozar dun dos principais elementos do patrimonio natural de Galicia: o conxunto formado pola lagoa e o areal de Valdoviño. A información obtida pode ser de grande utilidade na análise custo-beneficio como fundamento das decisións políticas que afectan á xestión deste recurso natural. ; The contingent valuation method (CVM) is based on the construction of hypothetical markets through a survey where respondents are usually asked for their maximum willingness to pay (WTP) for a certain property that lacks market appeal and therefore of price.The main aim of the study is to identify and explain the variables that occur and condition tourists to pay to enjoy one of the main elements of the natural heritage areas within Galicia including; the coastal lagoon and sandy area of Valdoviño. The information obtained from this study would be very useful in developing a cost-benefit analysis that could be used to inform political decisions that affect the management of these natural resource. ; El método de valoración contingente (MVC) se basa en la construcción de mercados hipotéticos a través de una encuesta, donde normalmente se pregunta a los entrevistados por su disposición a pagar (DAP) por un determinado bien que carece de mercado y, por tanto, de precio. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es identificar las variables explicativas que condicionan la DAP de los visitantes por disfrutar de uno de los principales elementos del patrimonio natural de Galicia: el conjunto formado por la laguna y el arenal de Valdoviño. La información obtenida puede ser de gran utilidad en el análisis coste-beneficio como fundamento de las decisiones políticas que afectan a la gestión de este recurso natural.
Avalíase o impacto en Galicia da implementación do Programa Operativo para e polo beneficio da I+D+i empresarial-Fondo Tecnolóxico 2007-2013, que constituíu un instrumento singular das políticas de innovación financiado polos Fondos Estruturais da Unión Europea e dirixido ás comunidades autónomas españolas do Obxectivo Converxencia da Unión Europea. A través da análise proposta trátase de identificar o impacto deste Programa plurianual –que mobilizou un importante volume de recursos e cuxa execución se estende ata 2015– na evolución do Sistema Galego de Innovación. Con ese fin analízanse os diferentes tipos de medidas e actuacións financiadas e o seu impacto nos principais indicadores de innovación (creación de capacidades, gasto en investigación e desenvolvemento, solicitude de patentes, persoal en investigación e desenvolvemento, infraestruturas, redes de colaboración, etc.), contrastando os obxectivos perseguidos e os resultados observados. Tamén se analizan aspectos institucionais e organizacionais que inciden no deseño, implementación e xestión das medidas e a súa posible incidencia nos seus efectos (fugas de recursos, dificultades de vertebración, concentración das actividades innovadoras nun número limitado de axentes, etc.). As conclusións extraídas permiten formular recomendacións para o deseño e implementación no territorio doutras políticas de investigación, desenvolvemento e innovación. Palabras ; The aim of this study is to evaluate the implementation and the impact in Galicia of the Operational Programme for the benefit of business, Research, Development & Innovation-Technology Fund 2007-2013, which was a unique instrument of innovation policies financed by the European Union Structural Funds and addressed to the Spanish Autonomous Regions of the European Union Convergence Objective. Through the proposed analysis, we identify the impact of this Multiannual Programme –which mobilised a significant volume of resources and whose execution extends until 2015– on the evolution of the Galician Innovation System. To this end, the different types of measures and actions financed and their impact on the main innovation indicators (capacity building, Research & Development expenditure, patent applications, Research & Development personnel, infrastructures, collaboration networks, etc.) are analysed, contrasting the objectives pursued and the results observed. Institutional and organisational aspects that affect the design, implementation and management of measures and their possible impact on their effects (leakage of resources, vertebration difficulties, concentration of innovative activities in a limited number of agents, etc.) are also analysed. The conclusions make it possible to formulate recommendations for the design and implementation in the territory of other Research & Development & Innovation policies. ; Se evalúa el impacto en Galicia de la implementación del Programa Operativo para y por el beneficio de la I+D+i empresarial- -Fondo Tecnológico 2007-2013, que ha constituido un instrumento singular de las políticas de innovación financiado por los Fondos Estructurales de la Unión Europea y dirigido a las comunidades autónomas españolas del Objetivo Convergencia de la Unión Europea. A través del análisis propuesto se trata de identificar el impacto de este Programa plurianual –que ha movilizado un importante volumen de recursos y cuya ejecución se extiende hasta 2015– en la evolución del Sistema Gallego de Innovación. Con ese fin se analizan los diferentes tipos de medidas y actuaciones financiadas y su impacto en los principales indicadores de innovación (creación de capacidades, gasto en investigación y desarrollo, solicitud de patentes, personal en investigación y desarrollo, infraestructuras, redes de colaboración, etc.), contrastando los objetivos perseguidos y los resultados observados. También se analizan aspectos institucionales y organizacionales que inciden en el diseño, implementación y gestión de las medidas y su posible incidencia en sus efectos (fugas de recursos, dificultades de vertebración, concentración de las actividades innovadoras en un número limitado de agentes, etc.). Las conclusiones extraídas permiten formular recomendaciones para el diseño e implementación en el territorio de otras políticas de investigación, desarrollo e innovación.
Greece has still not found its way back while its economy has been deteriorating year after year since 2008. It is argued in this article that the central factor of this outcome was the dynamics of financing in the countries most involved in Greek indebtedness that was considerably greater and had a more detrimental influence on the Greek economy than poor fiscal management that different governments could incur. The impetus displayed by financial services did not correspond to the weakness of the real sector which occurs when borrowing and financial flows are used without restriction to meet the interests of creditors. In this work an analysis of the channels that fueled Greek debt is carried out in the context proposed by Minsky where an economy moves from financial stability to a scenario of instability supported in two determining variables: high and exaggerated interest on debt service and the type of agents holding debt assets. The debt-service interest incurred by the government since joining the eurozone and the impetus for financing caused the debt to have a giant snowball effect while the change in debt holders forced the government to comply with strict and onerous government and macroeconomic reforms that directly impacted the ability of Greek governments to pay with negative results on the well-being of society. ; Grecia aún no ha encontrado el camino hacia su recuperación desde que su economía se contrajera año tras año desde el 2008. Se argumenta en este artículo que el factor central de este resultado fue la dinámica de financiación de los países más involucrados en el endeudamiento griego, que fue considerablemente mayor y que influyó más negativamente sobre la economía griega que el deficiente y dispendioso manejo fiscal en el que pudieron incurrir diferentes gobiernos. El ímpetu mostrado por los servicios financieros no correspondió a la debilidad del sector real, pues el endeudamiento y los flujos financieros fueron utilizados sin restricción alguna para satisfacer los intereses de los acreedores. En este trabajo se realiza un análisis de los canales que fueron alimentando la deuda griega en el contexto propuesto por Minsky (1992) de inestabilidad financiera, que tiene lugar cuando una economía transita desde la estabilidad financiera hacia un escenario de inestabilidad soportado en dos variables determinantes: los altos y exagerados intereses del servicio de la deuda y el tipo de agentes poseedores de los activos de deuda. Los intereses del servicio de la deuda contraída por el Gobierno desde su incorporación a la zona euro junto al fuerte impulso de la financiación provocaron que la deuda se convirtiese en una bola de nieve gigante, mientras que el cambio en los poseedores de deuda impidió que el Gobierno pudiera cumplir con las estrictas y onerosas reformas gubernamentales y macroeconómicas, que repercutieron directamente sobre la capacidad de pago de los Gobiernos griegos y que provocaron resultados negativos sobre el bienestar de la sociedad. ; Grecia aínda non atopou o camiño cara á súa recuperación desde que a súa economía se contraese ano tras ano desde o 2008. Arguméntase neste artigo que o factor central deste resultado foi a dinámica de financiamento dos países máis involucrados no endebedamento grego, que foi considerablemente maior e que influíu máis negativamente sobre a economía grega que o deficiente e dispendioso manexo fiscal no que puideron incorrer diferentes gobernos. O ímpeto mostrado polos servizos financeiros non correspondeu á debilidade do sector real, pois o endebedamento e os fluxos financeiros foron utilizados sen restrición ningunha para satisfacer os intereses dos acredores. Neste traballo realízase unha análise das canles que foron alimentando a débeda grega no contexto proposto por Minsky (1992) de inestabilidade financeira, que ten lugar cando unha economía transita desde a estabilidade financeira cara a un escenario de inestabilidade soportado en dúas variables determinantes: os altos e esaxerados xuros do servizo da débeda e mais o tipo de axentes posuidores dos activos de débeda. Os xuros do servizo da débeda contraída polo Goberno desde a súa incorporación á zona euro xunto ao forte impulso do financiamento provocaron que a débeda se convertese nunha bóla de neve xigante, mentres que o cambio nos posuidores de débeda impediu que o Goberno puidese cumprir coas estritas e onerosas reformas gobernamentais e macroeconómicas, que repercutiron directamente sobre a capacidade de pagamento dos Gobernos gregos e que provocaron resultados negativos sobre o benestar da sociedade.
