Suchergebnisse

"In diesem Artikel stellen die Autoren eine soziologische Beobachtung von Management als Symbolkonstruktion vor. Nach Niklas Luhmann ist das Prozessieren von Organisationen gekennzeichnet durch die Bezugnahme auf Entscheidungen. Entscheidungen sind aber nicht einfach 'vorhanden' und zunächst prinzipiell unsichtbar. Darum installieren Organisationen Formalia wie Protokolle, Unterschriften oder andere Insignien des Offiziellen, welche die Darstellung der Entscheidung ermöglichen, ohne selbst die Entscheidung zu sein. Erst die Symbole machen Entscheidungen also als solche prozessierbar. Wie ein Protokoll oder eine Unterschrift symbolisiert auch Management organisationale Entscheidungen. Management versorgt die organisationale Praxis mit Symbolen des Entscheidens, ohne selbst die 'Einheit' der Entscheidung zu sein, da Entscheidungen kontinuierlich rekonstruiert, redefiniert und in der Kommunikation der organisationalen Einheiten umgedeutet werden müssen. Deshalb steht Management einerseits symbolisch für mehr, als es eigentlich leisten kann. Andererseits liegt die Bedeutung von Management als Symbolkonstruktion gerade in ihrem Potenzial, die Rekonstruktion und Bezugnahme auf Entscheidungen möglich zu machen, indem Entscheidungen sichtbar werden. Heroische Manager/innen, Meetings und 'Management Tools' bearbeiten letztlich die Paradoxie der Entscheidung. Indem Entschiedenheit symbolisch dargestellt wird, entstehen Eindeutigkeiten, welche die selbsttragende Konstruktion von organisationaler Kommunikation und die Paradoxie ihrer Entscheidungspraxis verdecken." (Autorenreferat)

In diesem Artikel stellen wir eine soziologische Beobachtung von Management als Symbolkonstruktion vor. Nach Niklas LUHMANN ist das Prozessieren von Organisationen gekennzeichnet durch die Bezugnahme auf Entscheidungen. Entscheidungen sind aber nicht einfach "vorhanden" und zunächst prinzipiell unsichtbar. Darum installieren Organisationen Formalia wie Protokolle, Unterschriften oder andere Insignien des Offiziellen, welche die Darstellung der Entscheidung ermöglichen, ohne selbst die Entscheidung zu sein. Erst die Symbole machen Entscheidungen also als solche prozessierbar. Wie ein Protokoll oder eine Unterschrift symbolisiert auch Management organisationale Entscheidungen. Management versorgt die organisationale Praxis mit Symbolen des Entscheidens, ohne selbst die "Einheit" der Entscheidung zu sein, da Entscheidungen kontinuierlich rekonstruiert, redefiniert und in der Kommunikation der organisationalen Einheiten umgedeutet werden müssen. Deshalb steht Management einerseits symbolisch für mehr, als es eigentlich leisten kann. Andererseits liegt die Bedeutung von Management als Symbolkonstruktion gerade in ihrem Potenzial, die Rekonstruktion und Bezugnahme auf Entscheidungen möglich zu machen, indem Entscheidungen sichtbar werden. Heroische Manager/innen, Meetings und "Management Tools" bearbeiten letztlich die Paradoxie der Entscheidung. Indem Entschiedenheit symbolisch dargestellt wird, entstehen Eindeutigkeiten, welche die selbsttragende Konstruktion von organisationaler Kommunikation und die Paradoxie ihrer Entscheidungspraxis verdecken.

Particularly since the 11 September terrorist attacks in the USA, much attention has been given to the development and implementation of incident management systems (IMS). The IMS is a tool for marshalling pre‐identified and pre‐assembled resources to respond to an emergency or disaster. IMS is particularly useful when personnel and resources from many agencies and jurisdictions are required to manage large incidents successfully. While many IMS have been devised over the years, their use remains intermittent. This paper traces the evolution of IMS, reviews how it can be integrated into jurisdictional emergency and disaster management, and specifies the structures that are used in most incident management systems at the municipal level.

ABSTRACTThe file management requirements of a particular management information system, that used for intelligence operations, are examined and a data storage and retrieval system developed that can be either manual or computer based. Scoring models are used to quantify the value of information. Values are adjusted dynamically so that decisions can be made on which items to add and which existing items to delete. Results of experiments with a police intelligence system are presented.

This paper discusses how the adoption of a systematic risk management framework can enhance disaster management. In the analysis of risk, a focus on the interactions between sources of risk and elements at risk, rather than a pre‐occupation with hazards, adds more value to management. Vulnerability is the crucial modifier of consequences and, as such, its analysis highlights critical areas and opportunities for developing effective intervention strategies.Risk communication processes based on community involvement need to underpin the development and application of evaluation criteria to determine which risk treatments will be implemented. Closing considerations reflect on how risk management may be used within public administration to re‐define emergency management service provision. The paper concludes that Emergency Risk Management provides a framework which, by focusing on managing community exposure to major risks, facilitates the identification and implementation of intervention options which address socially significant problems.

Traditionally, the effectiveness of the senior officials within the
public sector has been disproportionately associated with task instead
of people‐related skills. A study of 74 senior managers within Indian
Railways, over three years, has revealed that managers, in order to
become effective, not only require task and people skills but also
self‐development knowledge and skills. Moreover, the above broad
categories of managerial skills form a hierarchy which suggests that the
more senior positions which managers occupy, the greater the need for
people and self‐development. Explores the implications of the above for
senior management training and development in public sector briefly.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this article is to attempt to present theoretical considerations towards the concept of diversity management from the perspective of its location in the discipline of management and quality sciences. As the concept of diversity management lacks a strict demarcation between related disciplines, such as economics, psychology, sociology or even biology and cultural anthropology, it should be noted that the specification of paradigms is not closed, and further paradigms, micro-paradigms or mega-paradigms may emerge over time.

Methodology: the research method adopted in the article is literature analysis and inference.

Findings: The approach presented, which points to the permanent development of alternative paradigms and cognitive perspectives in the discipline of management and quality sciences, is a confirmation that these 'sciences' are not 'impregnated' against change and are de facto changing.

Value Added: Consideration of the issue of human capital diversity in organisations and its management has been carried out for many years in the literature, which is characterised by a diversity of definitions and perceptions. It is therefore worth presenting, a cross-cutting historical perspective on the phenomenon of human resource diversity in organisations in the discipline of management and quality sciences.

Recommendations: Diversity management should be defined in the broadest possible way, understanding it as the systematic efforts of an organisation to involve the diversity of its human resources in its activities and to treat it as a strategic advantage. Such a conclusion prejudges the need for further research in relation to the concept of diversity management.

The basic financial purpose of the firm is maximization of its value. A inventory management should also contribute to realization of this basic aim. Many current assets management models which we can find in the literature relating to financial management were constructed with the assumption of book profit maximization as basic aim. These models could lacking what relates to another aim, i.e., maximization of enterprise value. This article presents the value based inventory management model modification.

Reports a series of action projects in UK manufacturing companies which
found that formal planning and control activity was less evident than
the management of priorities. The reasons for this were found in the
innate instability of these companies′ operations. This finding
provokes a fresh look at two themes which formerly produced much
literature: the relative failure of computers in production management;
and the gap between OM academics and practitioners. A third theme, taken
from the OB literature on the reactive nature of managerial work, throws
light on both these issues. The instability of batch manufacturing
operations can thus be seen as a norm, not a departure from a norm of
stability. The assumption of a stable environment helps to explain why
the formal MPC systems had often disappointed, and why the practitioners
had made little use of OM academic work. Explores the nature of the
instability as being principally concerned with the three dimensions of
variety, variation and volume. Defines priority management, and
positions it in relation to manufacturing strategy and to more technical
approaches to OM. Develops a general theory of priority management which
draws together various mid‐range theories and empirical studies.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the relationships between governance and a variety of approaches to public administration, especially New Public Management.Design/methodology/approachThe study provides a conceptual review of the various approaches to public management and governance.FindingsMany approaches to public administration, especially New Public Management, place excessive emphasis on quotidian management issues and insufficient attention to broader issues of governance.Originality/valueI liked it.

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to understand how the concept of diversity management is translated and adapted into the Danish societal context. The authors therefore seek to answer these questions: to what extent do larger Danish companies experience a need to practice diversity management? Do they also have specific diversity policies? And how do these Danish companies discursively construct and manage diversity?Design/methodology/approachThe authors surveyed 100 Danish firms and performed a discourse analysis of two frontrunner firms' diversity documents.FindingsThe Danish firms in the survey experienced a need for diversity management, but were somewhat reluctant to introduce diversity policies. The two frontrunner firms drew on a discourse of diversity as a business case intertwined with a discourse of social responsibility with focus on helping minority groups having difficulties accessing the job market. The findings indicate that concepts must be translated for the local context in order to be accepted by local actors.Research limitations/implicationsFurther studies should look closer into local practices of diversity management to increase understanding of how this seemingly universal management concept is translated.Originality/valueDanish society, which until recently was relatively homogeneous, forms a specific cultural context for diversity management that differs significantly from American and British multicultural societies.

International experience shows that the main objective of New Public Management (NPM) reform has predominantly been to overcome the current crisis in funding and public service delivery. The achieving this objective has involved adopting a philosophy of 'more for less' or, in other words, by enhancing 'value for money' in public service delivery. To this end,NPM reforms have generally aimed at replacing the inherited or traditional bureaucratic structure of management with a market – or at least a competition‐based – contract arrangement. As is the case in any contested market setting, the main concern of state and public administration is no longer merely to ensure a legally correct application of laws, but also to use scarce resources as 'efficiently' as possible in the pursuit of the desired ends of increased productivity and 'more for less'.