Suchergebnisse

Procurement is a necessary component of the activities of each organization. Procurement should be holistic, reflect a systematic process, the purpose of which is with minimal effort and money in a timely manner to get all the goods, works and services, which are necessary for the organization. The article reveals the relevance and importance of the environmental component of tenders, analyzes the methods of procurement, provides recommendations in terms of non-price evaluation criteria, and offers options for the implementation of the environmental concept in Russia. ; Закупки – необходимая составляющая деятельности каждой организации. Проведение закупок должно быть целостным, отражать системность процесса, цель которой – с минимальными затратами сил и средств своевременно получить все те товары, работы и услуги, которые необходимы организации. В статье раскрыта актуальность, значимость экологической составляющей тендеров, проведен анализ способов закупок, даны рекомендации в плане неценовых критериев оценки, а также предложены варианты реализации экологической концепции в России.

The monograph by L.V. Polyakova collects and systematizes the material
concerning the creative biography of E. Zamyatin, his ideological priorities, poetics, the history of publications, relations with writers. The historiosophical concepts of
the fi rst third of the century, facts and phenomena of literary life, disputes of critics,
as well as modern literary thought are presented. A broad context is being built that
allows us to perceive the philosophical depth and artistic power of Zamyatin's prose
in its integrity, multidimensionality, connections with the humanitarian insights of
the twentieth century. Zamyatin's creative individuality is revealed through the
correlation of his views on the people, the revolution, world history with the views
of N. Berdyaev, A. Blok, M. Gorky, S. Yesenin, I. Ilyin, T. Mann, N. Trubetskoy,
S. Frank, O. Spengler and many others. Hermeneutical approach to the comprehension
of works is effective, comparative analysis is actively used. L.V. Polyakova's research
is marked by a vivid polemic and reasoned judgments.

Russland im 18. Jahrhundert kennzeichnete ein Paradoxon. Im Land herrschte eine chauvinistische Vorstellung von der Frau als nichtvollwertigem Wesen, das nicht fähig ist, sich mit Politik zu beschäftigen. Gleichzeitig herrschten 75 Jahre lang Frauen auf dem Thron. Dieses Paradoxon wurde aufgelöst durch die Zuschreibung von männlichen Eigenschaften und Tugenden auf die Kaiserin, durch die Überzeugung einer notwendigen provisorischen "Frauenherrschaft" als einer Übergangsphase zur "wahren" männlichen Herrschaft. Die negativen Seiten der Herrschaft von Frauen wurden abgeschwächt durch die allgemein anerkannte Menschlichkeit der Frauen an der Macht sowie generelle Tendenzen zur Humanisierung der Gesellschaft, die den Frauen mehr Rechte als früher einräumte. Für die Spitzen der Gesellschaft stellte die Frau an der Macht die Herrschaft einer androgynen Hofkultur dar, in der sich die krassen Unterschiede zwischen Männern und Frauen verwischten und die zur Schaffung eines höfischen grenzüberschreitenden androgynen Wesens führte, das die Züge eines männlichen Kriegers verloren hatte. Dies ermöglichte eine Aussöhnung mit der Herrschaft von Frauen. Eindeutiger war die Haltung der Unterschichten der Bevölkerung, die die Frauenherrschaft eindeutig mit dem Zusammenbruch der Herrschaft und mit der Regierung von zur Erfüllung männlicher herrscherlicher Pflichten unfähiger "Weiber" assoziierten, die außerdem noch Witwen und Jungfrauen waren, was den Meinungsäußerungen über die Kaiserin noch eine besonders delikate Note gab. Dies führte zur Zerstörung der Sakralität der Selbstherrschaft und der ritualisierten Heiligkeit der Monarchie in der Wahrnehmung der Bevölkerung, was für das Bewußtsein des einfachen Untertanen ein nicht lösbares Problem aufwarf: unterordnen, dienen, sein Leben opfern und zwar einem "Weib", einem Wesen, das bekanntermaßen unrein und dumm war. ; Eighteenth-century Russia was remarkable for its paradox: a country dominated by a chauvinistic view of women as inferior and incapable of doing things, and yet ...

The article focuses on the Russian epos as well as Russian fairy tales: the images that are frequently there tend to be projected on the contemporary political discourse. The author assumes that the analysis of the folklore stories might allow defining the archetypes, which in a certain manner affect the contemporary political thought in Russia. The author demonstrates the way in which the national cultural archetypes relate to the common cultural ones (Greek myths), on the one hand, and, on the other hand, contain their specific national modification. Thus, the Hero Archetype in Russian epos appears to be nationally marked (its Russianness is particularly stressed) as well as the image of an enemy, filling in the Shadow Archetype. Russian 'bogatyr' is traditionally on a state service and remains faithful to his grand duke, notwithstanding the injustice of the latter. The characters of fairy tales wage "preventive wars" in which they become the winners. The contemporary Russian political discourse inherits, to a certain extent, the value as well as the worldview aspects of the Russian epos.

The article focuses on the Russian epos as well as Russian fairy tales: the images that are frequently there tend to be projected on the contemporary political discourse. The author assumes that the analysis of the folklore stories might allow defining the archetypes, which in a certain manner affect the contemporary political thought in Russia. The author demonstrates the way in which the national cultural archetypes relate to the common cultural ones (Greek myths), on the one hand, and, on the other hand, contain their specific national modification. Thus, the Hero Archetype in Russian epos appears to be nationally marked (its Russianness is particularly stressed) as well as the image of an enemy, filling in the Shadow Archetype. Russian 'bogatyr' is traditionally on a state service and remains faithful to his grand duke, notwithstanding the injustice of the latter. The characters of fairy tales wage "preventive wars" in which they become the winners. The contemporary Russian political discourse inherits, to a certain extent, the value as well as the worldview aspects of the Russian epos.

The article focuses on the Russian epos as well as Russian fairy tales: the images that are frequently there tend to be projected on the contemporary political discourse. The author assumes that the analysis of the folklore stories might allow defining the archetypes, which in a certain manner affect the contemporary political thought in Russia. The author demonstrates the way in which the national cultural archetypes relate to the common cultural ones (Greek myths), on the one hand, and, on the other hand, contain their specific national modification. Thus, the Hero Archetype in Russian epos appears to be nationally marked (its Russianness is particularly stressed) as well as the image of an enemy, filling in the Shadow Archetype. Russian 'bogatyr' is traditionally on a state service and remains faithful to his grand duke, notwithstanding the injustice of the latter. The characters of fairy tales wage "preventive wars" in which they become the winners. The contemporary Russian political discourse inherits, to a certain extent, the value as well as the worldview aspects of the Russian epos.

The article focuses on the Russian epos as well as Russian fairy tales: the images that are frequently there tend to be projected on the contemporary political discourse. The author assumes that the analysis of the folklore stories might allow defining the archetypes, which in a certain manner affect the contemporary political thought in Russia. The author demonstrates the way in which the national cultural archetypes relate to the common cultural ones (Greek myths), on the one hand, and, on the other hand, contain their specific national modification. Thus, the Hero Archetype in Russian epos appears to be nationally marked (its Russianness is particularly stressed) as well as the image of an enemy, filling in the Shadow Archetype. Russian 'bogatyr' is traditionally on a state service and remains faithful to his grand duke, notwithstanding the injustice of the latter. The characters of fairy tales wage "preventive wars" in which they become the winners. The contemporary Russian political discourse inherits, to a certain extent, the value as well as the worldview aspects of the Russian epos.

In this paper, the category of theft of anothers property isstudied in comparative legal manner. Trends in the historicaldevelopment of this structure and its relationship with the adjacentlegal categories are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to theissue of generally hazardous theft of domestic criminal law. Theways of improvement of the criminal legislation of Russia and itspractical application are suggested. Arguments for the understandingof the category of theft of anothers property as unlawfuluncompensated seizure, and (or) treatment of anothers property(in the sense of things) in favor of the perpetrator or of otherpersons, causing real damage to the owner or other owner of thisproperty. ; В настоящей статье категория хищения чужого имуществаисследуется в сравнительно-правовом ключе. Анализируютсятенденции исторического развития этой конструкции и еесоотношение со смежными правовыми категориями. Особоевнимание уделяется проблеме общеопасных хищений по отечественному уголовному праву. Предлагаются пути усовершенствования уголовного законодательства России и практикиего применения. Высказываются аргументы за пониманиекатегории хищение чужого имущества как противоправного безвозмездного изъятия и (или) обращения чужого имущества (в смысле вещи) в пользу виновного или других лиц,причиняющего реальный ущерб собственнику или иному владельцу этого имущества.

This article gives the definition of thing within the philosophy of everyday life.Consider the real meaning of «things» in the space of everyday life. Thing becomesthe object of desire with the object, language and manner. Analyses data of policy«broad consumer goods», which led to changes in life. Covered political andideological problem of power and society in the search for «the formation of thereasonable needs «fighting» philistinism». Determined by the attitude of people tothe «innovations «in the sphere of cultural life, says that consuming new «things»people represent new social relations and new behaviors. ; В данной статье дается определение вещи в рамках философии повседнев-ности. Рассматривается настоящее значение «вещи» в пространстве быта. Вещьстановится предметом желания с объектом, языком и образом. Анализируютсяданные осуществления политики «товаров широкого народного потребле-ния», которые привели к изменениям в сфере быта. Освещена политико-идеологическая проблема власти и общества в поиске «формирования разумныхпотребностей», борьба с «мещанством». Определяется отношение людей к «но-винкам» в сфере культурной жизни, отмечается, что потребляя новые «вещи»люди обозначают новые социальные отношения и новые модели поведения.

Media odgrywają główną rolę w informowaniu o wyborach opinii publicznej. Wybory są relacjonowane przez media w sposób wolny i obiektywny. W stworzonym po odzyskaniu niepodległości systemie ustawodawstwa krajowego media odrywają ważną rolę aktywnego uczestnika procesu wyborczego. Analiza roli mediów w kazachstańskich kampaniach wyborczych związana jest z faktem ich aktywnego zaangażowania w wybory na wszystkich szczeblach. Autor zwraca uwagę, że konieczna jest dalsza poprawa ich funkcjonowania w procesie wyborczym poprzez stworzenie wspólnej przestrzeni informacyjnej oraz zapewnienie konstruktywnego dialogu pomiędzy mediami, rządem i społeczeństwem obywatelskim. ; The media play the main role in providing election information to the public. Elections are covered by the media in a free and objective manner. In the national legislative system established after regaining independence, the media play a significant role as an active participant in the electoral process. The analysis of the role of the media in Kazakh electoral campaigns is related to their active involvement in the elections on all levels. The author emphasizes that it is necessary for the media to continue to improve their functioning in the electoral process, by providing a common information space and ensuring a constructive dialogue between the media, government and civic society.

Статья посвящена анализу лингвистических особенностей дискурса электронных образовательных курсов на лексическом и грамматическом уровнях, созданных для международного адресата. Актуальность данной тематики обусловлена ростом популярности электронных образовательных курсов и возникающей в связи с этим потребностью в создании качественных онлайн-курсов, что приводит к переосмыслению коммуникации в образовательном дискурсе. Материалом исследования выступает курс на английском языке, представленный русскоязычным лектором на платформе Coursera. В ходе исследования был использован преимущественно метод дискурсивного анализа, а также методы классификации, интерпретации, обобщения и систематизации. В результате исследования сделан вывод о том, что на лексическом уровне дискурс массовых открытых онлайн-курсов (МООК) характеризуется использованием эмоционально окрашенной и оценочной, общенаучной и дисциплинарной лексики, позволяющей представить курс в доступной и увлекательной форме. На грамматическом уровне употребляются вводные, сравнительные и уточняющие конструкции, которые делают лекцию более структурированной и упрощают понимание материала, так как помогают выстраивать необходимые логические связи в информационном потоке. Использование инклюзивных местоимений, местоимений-обращений, директивных и вводных конструкций позволяет лектору разместить себя в единую коммуникативную плоскость с обучающимися, установить с ними диалог. Выявленные дискурсивные средства позволяют не только ясно и увлекательно передавать информацию обучающимся, но и конструировать доброжелательную среду, мотивирующую обучающихся изучить представленный курс.
The article is devoted to the analysis of linguistic means of the discourse of electronic educational courses at the lexical and grammatical levels created for an international addressee. The relevance of this topic is due to the growing popularity of electronic educational courses, and the resulting need to create high-quality online courses, which leads to a rethinking of communication in educational discourse. The research corpus comprises an English-language course presented by a Russian-speaking lecturer on the Coursera platform. During the research the method of discursive analysis, as well as methods of classification, interpretation, generalization, and systematization were used. As a result of the research, the authors conclude that at the lexical level the discourse of mass open online courses (MOOC) is characterized by the use of emotionally charged and evaluative, general scientific and disciplinary vocabulary, which allows to present the course in a clear and engaging manner. At the grammatical level, introductory, comparative and clarifying constructions make the lecture more structured and simplify the understanding of the information. These means help to create necessary logical connections in the information flow. The use of inclusive and addressing pronouns, directive and introductory constructions unites the lecturer with his students, allows to establish a dialogue with them. Thus, the identified discursive means not only convey the information to students in a clear and engaging manner, but also construct a friendly environment that motivates students to finish the course.

This article considers the ideational and political contexts in which Project 5-100, the Russian excellence in higher education initiative emerged, as well as the specificities of its organisational and behavioural model. While Project 5-100 has been studied in the academic literature as regards its efficiency and how it affected the performance and inner workings of the participating universities, the question of how the project came about and the characteristic traits of its internal set-up still remain largely overlooked. The study focuses on the involvement of local and international players, arguing that their successful and organic cooperation influenced both the architecture and the implementation of the project. This paper contributes to the literature on policy networks by showing that transnational actors do not necessarily undermine or challenge state power and can on the contrary help governments implement systemic change. Inspired by the international experience of establishing world-class universities, Project 5-100 was conceived and lobbied by a small but influential group of visionaries pushing for change who – acting in a concerted and purposive manner – acquired a novel and powerful capacity to use international expertise for the development of a key national project, capable of deeply transforming the country's higher educational system.

In this article the image of Mongolia in the Soviet press during the 60s-80s years of the 20th century is analyzed. It is noted that all materials of the press of that time have an exclusively propaganda mode and are inseparably linked with the political processes happening in the country. The main questions brought up in the 60s-80s are connected with the entry of Mongolia into the United Nations, development of economy and agricultural industry. At the same time articles about the top officials of the two countries were published. The significant role in promoting the image of Mongolia was played by the Soviet writers and poets who wrote about the friendship of the two peoples in a manner peculiar to them. They also wrote about the development of agricultural industry and the relationship between the peoples of the two bordering states. In the 80-s there comes a new round of foreign policy interaction between the USSR and Mongolia that, in turn, is assessed in the media positively. In particular, the famous Soviet journalist, the publicist, the correspondent of the Pravda newspaper Alexey Mitrofanovich Krivel spent in Mongolia more than five years. During his stay in the republic he wrote many sketches, articles, stories and other publicistic texts.

The authors of this peer-reviewed monograph written in an autobiographical manner try to find optimal solutions for shaping the urban environment and redefining conventional building codes. They develop new directions in urban studies such as "green building", "buildingnomics" and cognitive features of housing while adhering to the modern concept of healthy housing as the basis of well-being. The book focuses on two main research questions: (1) which buildings can we consider healthy? and (2) how can we create healthy buildings? The authors describe the main characteristics and examine the properties of both residential and industrial buildings while giving pragmatic recommendations for improving their internal space. Based on the results of forty years of research, they point out the nine most important components of healthy buildings such as: ventilation, air quality, optimal temperature conditions, water quality, humidity, cleanliness, insect control, light and view from the window, sound insulation, safety and security. The authors discuss in detail the basic principles and norms of the green building certification system recognized as "Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design" (LEED) and describe the mechanisms for obtaining and maintaining the status of a leader in energy and environmental design.

In a rather complicated manner, Max Weber's writings contain general theoretical reflections that are now incorporated in the canon of sociological theory, in the analyses of social change in the form of historical and comparative sociology, and in reflections on political events, all in the guise of the diagnosis and critique of his own historical age. This article attempts to draw conclusions from the tensions between these aspects in Weber's work by trying to discover how such a sophisticated combination of cognitive goals is possible today, and what limits it encounters. What the "light of great cultural problems" falls upon, what elements of the past determine the present, and what events are particularly important for understanding of a certain age are questions whose answers must regularly be sought anew. The author relies on the concept of "modernity", or rather, on the field of interpretation arising around this term. He assumes that the given field is wide enough to better understand our present condition by means of this term. In the meantime, the author believes that for this understanding to be successful, present-day modernity must be appropriately positioned in this field theoretically, historically, and as the diagnosis of our age. © National Research University Higher School of Economics.