Suchergebnisse

The media play the main role in providing election information to the public. Elections are covered by the media in a free and objective manner. In the national legislative system established after regaining independence, the media play a significant role as an active participant in the electoral process. The analysis of the role of the media in Kazakh electoral campaigns is related to their active involvement in the elections on all levels. The author emphasizes that it is necessary for the media to continue to improve their functioning in the electoral process, by providing a common information space and ensuring a constructive dialogue between the media, government and civic society. ; Media odgrywają główną rolę w informowaniu o wyborach opinii publicznej. Wybory są relacjonowane przez media w sposób wolny i obiektywny. W stworzonym po odzyskaniu niepodległości systemie ustawodawstwa krajowego media odrywają ważną rolę aktywnego uczestnika procesu wyborczego. Analiza roli mediów w kazachstańskich kampaniach wyborczych związana jest z faktem ich aktywnego zaangażowania w wybory na wszystkich szczeblach. Autor zwraca uwagę, że konieczna jest dalsza poprawa ich funkcjonowania w procesie wyborczym poprzez stworzenie wspólnej przestrzeni informacyjnej oraz zapewnienie konstruktywnego dialogu pomiędzy mediami, rządem i społeczeństwem obywatelskim. ; The media play the main role in providing election information to the public. Elections are covered by the media in a free and objective manner. In the national legislative system established after regaining independence, the media play a significant role as an active participant in the electoral process. The analysis of the role of the media in Kazakh electoral campaigns is related to their active involvement in the elections on all levels. The author emphasizes that it is necessary for the media to continue to improve their functioning in the electoral process, by providing a common information space and ensuring a constructive dialogue between the media, government and civic society.

Рассматривается один из подходов рационального использования ресурсов в учреждениях здравоохранения в виде аутсорсинговых услуг. Обоснована актуальность и своевременность внедрения уатсорсинговых услуг в учреждениях охраны здоровья. Приведен спектр аутсорсинговых услуг, оказываемых для учреждений охраны здоровья и планируемых для оказания в дальнейшем. Изучен уровень развития аутсорсинговых отношений в мировой экономике. Проанализированы преимущества и недостатки аутсорсинговой политики. ; One of the approach of the rational use resource is Considered in institutions of the public health in the manner of outsourcing of the services. Motivated urgency and timeliness of the introduction outsourcing services in institutions guard health. The Broughted spectrum outsourcing services, rendered for health guard institutions and planned for rendering hereinafter. The Studied level of the development outsourcing relations in world economy. The Analysed advantage and defect outsourcing politicians.

This paper elaborates on basic features of religion and religiousness in the modern culture of Serbia. Revival of traditional religious culture depends on social and political changes which resulted in sacralization of the public life and politics, greater influence of national religions in the public life of Serbia and the republics of former Yugoslavia. Revival of the official Orthodoxy is a process which flows parallel to the revival of people's Orthodoxy and people's piety, the supremacy of one over the other depends on several factors, social and political circumstances, as well as cultural preferences. Reception and interpretation of messages of the Orthodox Church mirror in the convergence of devoted believers and ecclesiastical Orthodoxy, while the majority of declarative believers adopt, understand and interprete in their own manner the Orthodox teaching, ecclesiastical rules of ritual behaviour, Orthodox moral norms and significance of religion in everyday life.

The article focuses on the Russian epos as well as Russian fairy tales: the images that are frequently there tend to be projected on the contemporary political discourse. The author assumes that the analysis of the folklore stories might allow defining the archetypes, which in a certain manner affect the contemporary political thought in Russia. The author demonstrates the way in which the national cultural archetypes relate to the common cultural ones (Greek myths), on the one hand, and, on the other hand, contain their specific national modification. Thus, the Hero Archetype in Russian epos appears to be nationally marked (its Russianness is particularly stressed) as well as the image of an enemy, filling in the Shadow Archetype. Russian 'bogatyr' is traditionally on a state service and remains faithful to his grand duke, notwithstanding the injustice of the latter. The characters of fairy tales wage "preventive wars" in which they become the winners. The contemporary Russian political discourse inherits, to a certain extent, the value as well as the worldview aspects of the Russian epos.

The article focuses on the Russian epos as well as Russian fairy tales: the images that are frequently there tend to be projected on the contemporary political discourse. The author assumes that the analysis of the folklore stories might allow defining the archetypes, which in a certain manner affect the contemporary political thought in Russia. The author demonstrates the way in which the national cultural archetypes relate to the common cultural ones (Greek myths), on the one hand, and, on the other hand, contain their specific national modification. Thus, the Hero Archetype in Russian epos appears to be nationally marked (its Russianness is particularly stressed) as well as the image of an enemy, filling in the Shadow Archetype. Russian 'bogatyr' is traditionally on a state service and remains faithful to his grand duke, notwithstanding the injustice of the latter. The characters of fairy tales wage "preventive wars" in which they become the winners. The contemporary Russian political discourse inherits, to a certain extent, the value as well as the worldview aspects of the Russian epos.

The article focuses on the Russian epos as well as Russian fairy tales: the images that are frequently there tend to be projected on the contemporary political discourse. The author assumes that the analysis of the folklore stories might allow defining the archetypes, which in a certain manner affect the contemporary political thought in Russia. The author demonstrates the way in which the national cultural archetypes relate to the common cultural ones (Greek myths), on the one hand, and, on the other hand, contain their specific national modification. Thus, the Hero Archetype in Russian epos appears to be nationally marked (its Russianness is particularly stressed) as well as the image of an enemy, filling in the Shadow Archetype. Russian 'bogatyr' is traditionally on a state service and remains faithful to his grand duke, notwithstanding the injustice of the latter. The characters of fairy tales wage "preventive wars" in which they become the winners. The contemporary Russian political discourse inherits, to a certain extent, the value as well as the worldview aspects of the Russian epos.

The article focuses on the Russian epos as well as Russian fairy tales: the images that are frequently there tend to be projected on the contemporary political discourse. The author assumes that the analysis of the folklore stories might allow defining the archetypes, which in a certain manner affect the contemporary political thought in Russia. The author demonstrates the way in which the national cultural archetypes relate to the common cultural ones (Greek myths), on the one hand, and, on the other hand, contain their specific national modification. Thus, the Hero Archetype in Russian epos appears to be nationally marked (its Russianness is particularly stressed) as well as the image of an enemy, filling in the Shadow Archetype. Russian 'bogatyr' is traditionally on a state service and remains faithful to his grand duke, notwithstanding the injustice of the latter. The characters of fairy tales wage "preventive wars" in which they become the winners. The contemporary Russian political discourse inherits, to a certain extent, the value as well as the worldview aspects of the Russian epos.

In this paper, the category of theft of anothers property isstudied in comparative legal manner. Trends in the historicaldevelopment of this structure and its relationship with the adjacentlegal categories are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to theissue of generally hazardous theft of domestic criminal law. Theways of improvement of the criminal legislation of Russia and itspractical application are suggested. Arguments for the understandingof the category of theft of anothers property as unlawfuluncompensated seizure, and (or) treatment of anothers property(in the sense of things) in favor of the perpetrator or of otherpersons, causing real damage to the owner or other owner of thisproperty. ; В настоящей статье категория хищения чужого имуществаисследуется в сравнительно-правовом ключе. Анализируютсятенденции исторического развития этой конструкции и еесоотношение со смежными правовыми категориями. Особоевнимание уделяется проблеме общеопасных хищений по отечественному уголовному праву. Предлагаются пути усовершенствования уголовного законодательства России и практикиего применения. Высказываются аргументы за пониманиекатегории хищение чужого имущества как противоправного безвозмездного изъятия и (или) обращения чужого имущества (в смысле вещи) в пользу виновного или других лиц,причиняющего реальный ущерб собственнику или иному владельцу этого имущества.

This article gives the definition of thing within the philosophy of everyday life.Consider the real meaning of «things» in the space of everyday life. Thing becomesthe object of desire with the object, language and manner. Analyses data of policy«broad consumer goods», which led to changes in life. Covered political andideological problem of power and society in the search for «the formation of thereasonable needs «fighting» philistinism». Determined by the attitude of people tothe «innovations «in the sphere of cultural life, says that consuming new «things»people represent new social relations and new behaviors. ; В данной статье дается определение вещи в рамках философии повседнев-ности. Рассматривается настоящее значение «вещи» в пространстве быта. Вещьстановится предметом желания с объектом, языком и образом. Анализируютсяданные осуществления политики «товаров широкого народного потребле-ния», которые привели к изменениям в сфере быта. Освещена политико-идеологическая проблема власти и общества в поиске «формирования разумныхпотребностей», борьба с «мещанством». Определяется отношение людей к «но-винкам» в сфере культурной жизни, отмечается, что потребляя новые «вещи»люди обозначают новые социальные отношения и новые модели поведения.

Media odgrywają główną rolę w informowaniu o wyborach opinii publicznej. Wybory są relacjonowane przez media w sposób wolny i obiektywny. W stworzonym po odzyskaniu niepodległości systemie ustawodawstwa krajowego media odrywają ważną rolę aktywnego uczestnika procesu wyborczego. Analiza roli mediów w kazachstańskich kampaniach wyborczych związana jest z faktem ich aktywnego zaangażowania w wybory na wszystkich szczeblach. Autor zwraca uwagę, że konieczna jest dalsza poprawa ich funkcjonowania w procesie wyborczym poprzez stworzenie wspólnej przestrzeni informacyjnej oraz zapewnienie konstruktywnego dialogu pomiędzy mediami, rządem i społeczeństwem obywatelskim. ; The media play the main role in providing election information to the public. Elections are covered by the media in a free and objective manner. In the national legislative system established after regaining independence, the media play a significant role as an active participant in the electoral process. The analysis of the role of the media in Kazakh electoral campaigns is related to their active involvement in the elections on all levels. The author emphasizes that it is necessary for the media to continue to improve their functioning in the electoral process, by providing a common information space and ensuring a constructive dialogue between the media, government and civic society.

The round table devoted to the improvement of the mechanism of evaluating the effectiveness of public expenditure on research and experimental development. Russia occupies a leading position in the world on public inancing of research and development (70 %), but has a relatively low level of patent activity and technology imports three times more than it exports. The growth of intellectual capital and reindustrialization industry is provided by the creation of new knowledge-intensive industries, modernization of existing industries and the formation of the fundamental scientiic groundwork. It is proposed to carry out the assessment of public expenditure on research and development, taking into account the life cycle of intellectual property, including its creation, the practical use and the degree of social signiicance. The eficiency of public spending can be evaluated and analyzed on the basis of strategic targets and key performance indicators and additional R & D investment. This will facilitate the transition to a new model of innovation development of economy based on the timing of investment lows in research and development, patent activity and technology import, licensing and high-tech products. This assessment would, if necessary, in a timely manner to adjust the direction of spending in order to achieve maximum cost-effectiveness.

Консерватизм – в отличие от традиционализма, национализма и иммобилизма, - это, прежде всего, внутренняя позиция и осознанная жизненная позиция, упорная убежденность. Подобная убежденность может относиться к правому или левому политическому флангу. Под консерватизмом, если мы не хотим указать на его отличия от традиционализма и реставрации, в первую очередь означает воззрение, уплотненное до убеждения – габитус. Действия, выводимые из подобных соображений, называются максимами. Консерватизм – это такая максима для нашей жизни: манера мыслить и действовать, которая не способна основать политическую теорию, в еще меньшей степени – создать базу и перспективу для определенной идеологии, но полезная политикам как первопричина для их действий. ; Conservatism – in difference to traditionalism, nationalism, and immobilism – is first of all an attitude of inner life and a reflexive way of living: the persistence with convictions. Those convictions can be left-wing or right-wing in a political sense. Conservatism, if its limits to traditionalism and restauration shall not lose its sense, primarily signifies an attitude coagulated to a conviction – a habitus. The actions deriving from these reflections by setting up a habitus, are named maxims. Conservatism is such a maxim for our life: Initially an individual and thereupon a habitual manner of thinking and acting, which is not able to establish a political theory, nor much less as a foundation and perspective for a pronounced ideology, but useful for a politician as an issue for his actions.

Purpose. The aim of this work is to develop a comprehensive methodology of environmental express audit with a proper account for the specifics of checked objects. Using this technique makes it possible to determine in short time how the economic and production activities of the facility being checked meet environmental legislation.Methodology. The technique consists in the creation and use of special questionnaires containing test questions on all major environmental aspects of the audit facilities that have impacts on the environment. The developed methodology of express audit that specifies the standard methodology in the framework of the law of Ukraine "On environmental audit" is designed to assess the degree of environmental safety of various sites of industry, transport, agriculture, and cities. The questionnaires are based on the cluster principle, which allows adapting the universal questionnaire to the characteristics of different objects, adding a group of questions related to specific characteristics of objects under audit. The methodology determines the manner and form of the auditor interaction with representatives of the enterprise during audit.Findings. The stages of environmental audit are justified, and the structures of relevant questionnaires are developed for collection and analysis of information, identification of discrepancies of the activities at the objects under audit with environmental legislation, and reporting. The advantages inherent to this methodology compared with the standard approach are analysed based on practical experience.Originality. The structure and the content of questionnaires for environmental express audit, in particular, the all-purpose questionnaire, have been developed. The developed question lists with additional special questionnaires and adaptation of a number of questions can be applied to the analysis of environmental activities on a variety of hazardous sites.Practical value. Practical application of this methodology with the participation of the author in ...

The present article considers the notion of judicial power. The understanding of thegiven term becomes topical in the context of realization of a judicial reform. The understandingof the essence and purpose of the judicial power depends on the political order,the state structure, and perceptions of power itself. Thus, in the late XIX – early XX c. thejudicial power was regarded as a means of exercising the royal authority. After the Revolutionof 1917 the judiciary was considered as "a tool for nurturing discipline". Nowadaysunder the judicial power one should understand the realized in the manner prescribed bylaw influence on the part of the country on the behaviour of people, their associations,organizations and other legal entities, conducted by means of the activity of judicial bodiesof the Russian Federation. The judiciary's purpose is to resolve disputes, arising in theactivities of individuals, the society and the state. It is an institute formed by the state toexercise its administrative functions. Being an independent branch of power the judiciaryhas the following characteristics: self-reliance, independence, absoluteness, exceptionalcharacter of activities and implementation within certain procedures. ; Статья посвящена исследованию понятия «судебная власть». В условиях реа-лизации судебной реформы уяснение данной дефиниции приобретает особую акту-альность. Понимание сущности и назначения судебной власти находится в зависи-мости от политического и государственного устройства, от представлений о властивообще. Так, в конце XIX–начале XX вв. судебная власть рассматривалась как одиниз способов реализации власти монарха. После революции 1917 года судебнаявласть рассматривалась как орудие воспитания к дисциплине. В настоящее времяпод судебной властью следует понимать осуществляемое в установленном закономпорядке воздействие со стороны государства на поведение людей, их объединений,организаций и иных правовых образований, осуществляемое через деятельностьорганов судебной системы Российской Федерации. Судебная власть имеет своимпредназначением разрешение правовых споров, которые возникают в процессежизнедеятельности личности, общества и государства. Это институт, который фор-мируется самим государством для реализации своих управленческих функций. Каксамостоятельной ветви государственной власти, судебной власти присущи опреде-ленные признаки: самостоятельность, независимость, полнота, исключительность,правоприменительный характер деятельности, реализация в рамках определенныхпроцедур.

The article explores the historiography of the secret police in the Russian Empire. Revealing the approaches of historians to this subject, the methods and manner of their work with historical sources, the author demonstrates the negative consequences that were a result of political topicality and the concealing of information about the state. A review of historiographic heritage enables the author to cleanse the perception of the topic from a number of "quasi-evident facts" created at various times and under different circumstances. Additionally, she pays attention to the existence of a vast number of documents of the police department which can still be found in state archives. Special attention needs to be paid to those ones that contain the reflections of gendarme officers on professional ethics and duties. The author reveals documental evidence of conflicts of interest between the local administration and the police officers controlling its activity. The approach used by the author bears a non-conventional character which consists in the study of creation of these documents and their functions in the police department. Preliminary results enable the author to claim that these certificates can provide information not only about the sphere of impact and peculiarities of the secret police, but also about the ways of implementation of the political concept of a regular, well-organized state in 19th century-Russia and the ways of self-improvement of government. ; Статья содержит анализ историографии тайной полиции в Российской империи. Выявляя подходы историков к данной теме и способы их работы с историческими свидетельствами, автор показывает негативные о государстве. Ревизия историографического наследия позволяет автору освободить восприятие темы от созданных в разные времена и в разных условиях «квазиочевидностей». Одновременно обращается внимание на наличие богатого комплекса делопроизводственных документов полицейского ведомства, сохранившихся в государственном архиве. Предлагая неоинституциональный подход к их анализу, автор показывает очевидные и латентные информационные возможности обнаруженных документов. Среди них особенный интерес представляют тексты, в которых зафиксировалась рефлексия жандармских офицеров о профессиональной этике и служебном долге, а также находятся свидетельства конфликтов интересов местной администрации и контролирующей ее деятельность полиции. Оригинальность предлагаемого подхода состоит в том, чтобы исследовать логику создания этих документов, их назначение в полицейском управлении. Предварительные результаты позволяют автору утверждать, что данные свидетельства могут рассказать не только о сфере полномочий и характере работы тайной полиции, но и о способах реализации политической концепции «регулярного, хорошо организованного» государства в России XIX в., о путях самоусовершенствования государственного аппарата.