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The design of this research is based on the liberal pluralism belief that there should be various forms of alternative media co-existing with mainstream media, and the society benefits from having alternatives. The concept of alternative media refers to media that are independent from the political and market power. They deal with alternative topics, which are not covered in their mainstream counterparts. One of the traditions of alternative media research is to examine their potential in the formation of subaltern public sphere. ; The core question of this research is to explore the usage of online alternative media, and the link between online alternative media and the ideal of subaltern public sphere, in terms of attitude towards difference, rational discussion and civic participation. Participatory observation, online survey and case studies were applied to find out the answers. ; First of all, it is found that the usage of online alternative media is influenced by a number of factors. In addition to the gratifications sought from media usage, a heterogeneous online community is more likely to accept online alternative media, while intense use of alternative media in turn contributes to more tolerance of difference in society. ; Secondly, this research examines the relationships between online alternative media and the elements of subaltern public sphere. As the research findings suggest, under high political and economic pressure, little space is left for mainstream public sphere, while subaltern public sphere is possible with the help of online alternative media. Non-hierarchically organized and depend on voluntary work, online alternative media partly escape from political and market pressure and become the birthplace of rational public opinions. Online alternative media contribute to democratic society as they generate public space for deliberation, and cultivate the culture of participation. ; Finally, the significance of heterogeneity is emphasized. Online alternative media develop a group of media ...

本文從技術的政治經濟學視角,觀察中國上世紀七十年代末八十年代的廣播電視大學運動,主要采用文獻分析的方法,試圖去回答,爲什麽電大教育會從單位辦學制、個人自學制、學校辦學制這三種模式存走向單一的學校辦學體制?在電大運動所歸屬的更大的高教去國家化運動當中,爲什麽社會自治主義、新自由主義與電大教育接合失敗,而國家主義却成功了?爲了回答這些或具體或抽象的問題,本文在前人研究的基礎上提出了「新發展主義」的概念作爲分析工具,指出「效率範式」是七十年代末八十年代新發展主義的主要再現形式,它有追求「生産效率優先」和「成本效率」的兩個方面。在「發展主義範式轉移」的語境下,電大運動是國家以「技術動員」的方式徵用社會經濟資本實現人力資本積累的表現。通過使用新發展主義的「集中性-去集中性」這一對框架性工具,本文指出了社會自治主義表現爲「兩種效率衝突」以及「教育低效」的「反效率」,以及新自由主義表現爲「配置低效」的「反效率」,而與之相比,國家主義反倒因爲教育專業主義和機會平等政治的追求,而與新發展主義的效率追求形成了一致性。新發展主義與社會自治主義、新自由主義和國家主義在這一時期的「接合」與「接合失敗」,是單位辦學制與個人自學制的衰落,以及「公立非公費」的「學校辦學制」日漸崛起的原因。此外,本文從「新發展主義」出發,還提出了「改革辯證法」的認識論,作爲從「改革之交」理解共産中國的一種嘗試。 ; From the perspective of political economy of technology, this research aims to analyze the Chinese Broadcasting and Television University Movement(TVUM) , and to answer two sets of questions: 1) During the TVUM in late 1970s and 1980s, why did the "university-organized learning" model rise? Why did the "danwei-organized learning" model and the "self-learning" model decline simultaneously? 2) Why was the TVUM articulated with Statism successfully? Why did the articulation of the TVUM with Social Autonomism and Neo-liberalism fail ? Documentary analysis is the main research method. In order to answer the questions above, this research constructs the efficiency-oriented model to illustrate and explain Chinese economic development in late 1979s and 1980s. In the context of the paradigm shift of developmentalism, the TVUM took it as the main purpose to promote the accumulation of human capital. In contrast with the "anti-efficiency" of Social Autonomism and Neo-liberalism, this research identifies that Statism unexpectedly presents its consistency with the effenciency-oriented model by combining the professionalism of education and equal-opportunity politics. The rise and the declination in the TVUM are attributed to the success and the failure of articulation with the efficenecy-oriented model respectively. Moreover, this research preliminarily constructs "the dialectics of the reform" as the perspective of interpreting Communist ...

胡錦濤在二○一一年訪問美國是極其重要的中美外交事件,作為世界上兩個最大的經濟體,尤其在國際社會的共同命運和國家和國際經濟動盪的時刻,中美關係發揮顯著作用。 ; 本論文特別側重說明美國政府和新聞媒介如何建構胡錦濤訪問美國,並塑造為一個慶祝國際政治媒介事件,說明政府在建構新聞語霸權,且取得美國新聞媒體的合作。它最終引發了媒體社會學的問題,媒體民主問題和人文與經濟價值之間的鬥爭。 ; 這兩個國家之間日益增長的戰略和務實的關係,是突顯社會的政治背景,導致胡錦濤訪問美國作為一個媒介事件,形成一個變贏的和平競賽,以及慶祝和友好熱惰的表現。 ; 胡錦濤訪問美國以及美國電視新聞作為本研究的主要焦點,說明媒體往往採取在媒介事件中互相尊重,雙羸 ,和平和樂觀的態度。美國的電視新聞媒體會在臨鍵的時刻偏向政府。 ; Hu Jin Tao's U.S. visit in 2011 is an extremely important diplomatic event in U.S.-China relations in the past thirty years or so, which calls for bilateral and international attention, as the relations between the world's two biggest economies play a significant role in the common fate of the global community, at a time of national and international economic turmoil. ; This thesis specifically focusing on explicating the journalistic construction of Hu's U.S. visit as a historical and celebrative international political media event, a news discourse constructed out of hegemonic governmental influences and the cooperation of U.S. news media. It eventually raised media sociological questions upon the professionalism of U.S. news media in relations to U.S. foreign policy, media democracy and humanistic question over the struggle between economic pragmatism and individual freedom, especially in international integration. ; The growing strategic and pragmatic relationship between the two nations is the foregrounding social-political context that leads to the journalistic framing of the visit as a media event, a win-win peaceful contest, and an celebrative and friendly welcoming performance. And that the American TV news media tend to pay more reverence towards the government during critical historic political moment, in this case the U.S. visit by Hu. The U.S news media, with TV news as the main focus in this study, tend to adopt the ritualistic media event script in framing the visit in an respectful, peaceful and optimistic manner. There is a discursive news storyline of Hu's state visit as a win-win media event starts from the tension between the two states and then a ...

Chiu Yuen Ming Vivian. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 82-87). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Chapter Chapter 1 - --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Overview --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.2 --- Significance --- p.7 ; Chapter Chapter 2 - --- Literature review --- p.8 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Definition of nation --- p.8 ; Chapter 2.2 --- History of Chinese nationalism --- p.8 ; Chapter 2.3 --- From state nationalism to popular nationalism --- p.16 ; Chapter 2.4 --- Three levels of Chinese nationalism --- p.17 ; Chapter 2.5 --- Media and nationalism --- p.17 ; Chapter 2.5.1 --- Media in China- newspapers --- p.20 ; Chapter Chapter 3 - --- Framing --- p.22 ; Chapter 3.1 --- Overview --- p.22 ; Chapter 3.2 --- Four different frames --- p.24 ; Chapter 3.2.1 --- National self respect --- p.27 ; Chapter 3.2.2 --- National self strengthening --- p.28 ; Chapter 3.2.3 --- Co-operation with Japan --- p.30 ; Chapter 3.2.4 --- National humiliation --- p.31 ; Chapter 3.3 --- Framing Sino-Japanese relationship --- p.33 ; Chapter Chapter 4 - --- Methodology --- p.35 ; Chapter 4.1 --- Theoretical concern --- p.35 ; Chapter 4.2 --- Case study --- p.35 ; Chapter 4.2.1 --- First case study: the Mukden incident --- p.36 ; Chapter 4.2.2 --- Second case study: Junichiro Koizumi's visit to Yasukuni Shrine --- p.37 ; Chapter 4.3 --- Media text --- p.39 ; Chapter 4.3.1 --- People's Daily --- p.40 ; Chapter 4.3.2 --- Global Times --- p.42 ; Chapter 4.3.4 --- Southern Metropolis News --- p.45 ; Chapter 4.4 --- Data and sampling --- p.47 ; Chapter 4.5 --- Content analysis --- p.49 ; Chapter 4.6 --- Hypothesis --- p.50 ; Chapter 4.7 --- Coding categories and schemes --- p.54 ; Chapter 4.8 --- Coding training --- p.55 ; Chapter Chapter 5 - --- Results --- p.57 ; Chapter 5.1 --- Overview --- p.57 ; Chapter 5.2 --- Quantitative results --- p.59 ; Chapter Chapter 6 - --- Discussion --- p.67 ; Chapter 6.1 --- Analysis --- p.67 ; Chapter 6.1.1 --- National self respect --- p.68 ...

現有的媒體-抗爭互動機制研究,其結論多是主流媒體傾向非法化、瑣碎化社會運動。但針對威權語境中的媒體-抗爭互動現象,這一論點不再適用。本研究通過2009年廣州番禺反建垃圾焚燒廠事件,探究地方媒體與草根環境運動在與政府協商公共議題時,形成何種互動機制。本文以公共性概念為理論起點,以參與式公共性與可視性公共性這兩種模式作為分析工具,來理解媒體與運動的實踐及其互動。 ; 本研究使用多種方法考察事件發展過程,同時試圖建構出媒體-運動的互動機制。主要研究材料包括媒體文本、新聞從業者與抗爭居民的口頭和書面陳述。本文用內容分析方法考察媒體如何再現抗爭居民與當地政府的話語鬥爭,以及新聞框架如何發展演變。研究者與20位新聞從業者與抗爭居民進行深度訪談,以瞭解其行動的目的、策略與束縛,並探索雙方如何理解與評價自身、對方與社會語境。 ; 本文的主要貢獻,是通過考察威權語境中的媒體-運動的互動實踐現象來豐富原有的公共性概念。研究發現雙方形成了深度互動、平等、共存的關係。首先,媒體的報道使與抗爭相關的公共論述得以生成、發展、充實。多角度的媒體報道涵蓋了環保與民主參與等話題,由此挑戰了官方對抗爭的打壓式論述。其次,在運動的架構過程中,抗爭居民創造出媒介互動策略,具體表現為抗爭者認識到傳統媒體記者所受的束縛,並與其合作突破這種束縛。他們同時也使用新媒體平台直接動員公眾展開集體行動。最後,新聞從業者發展出抗爭新聞劇目的生產機制,使得抗爭事件停留於報端,令抗爭者成為公共論述的參與者。新聞從業者在追求職業認同與獨立時還借用抗爭的概念,將其用作由下至上新聞改革的資源。 ; 以上發現表明,媒體與社會運動作為社會行動者,其互動機制中體現出一種具有建構性與矛盾性的公共性。通過這一媒介化的抗爭事件,雙方發展出針對官方論述的話語抗爭,使得原本屬於越軌範疇的抗爭話語得以進入可公開爭議的合法範疇,由此得以重新界定公開話語空間中的意識形態邊界。 ; Existing studies of media-movement interaction have argued that mainstream media tends to illegitimize and trivialize social movements. However, when applied to the newly emerged media-movement interactions in the context of an authoritarian regime, such argument becomes untenable. This study takes an anti-incinerator event taken place in Panyu, Guangzhou in 2009 as its foci of investigation. It examines how local media and the grassroots environmental movement cooperatively negotiated public issues with the government. The concept of publicity and two models of publicity (participatory publicity and visibility publicity) will be introduced. These two models will be used as analytical tools to understand the practice of and the interaction between the media and the movement. ; Methodologically, this study adopts multiple methods to trace the process of the event and model the media-movement interaction mechanism. This research constructs the case by analyzing the media texts, together with both oral and written accounts of the journalists and the activists. Content analysis is employed to measure how the media represent the discursive struggles between local residents and local government, as well as how the media ...

過去50年,香港媒體有關藥物成癮的主要概念主要來自對海洛因(俗稱「白粉」)吸毒者的想像。「吸毒者」通常被視為「對工作和家庭不負責任」,並且被描繪成「以犯罪獲得金錢購買毒品來紓緩嚴重的斷癮症狀。」然而,近年來,大部份青少年吸毒者吸食軟性毒品如氯胺酮和搖頭丸,而非海洛因。對青少年吸毒者而言,在道德和醫學概念上的「吸毒」定義並不符合他們的毒品經驗,原因是他們在使用藥物後並無嚴重的斷癮症狀。這種傳統毒品觀念與青少年吸毒者經驗之間的「矛盾」對戒毒和預防教育產生很大障礙。 ; 本研究旨在找出現有主流媒體、戒毒機構及青少年吸毒者對「吸毒」的詮釋。本研究首先對禁毒政策進行歷史分析,以找出禁毒政策和現有的道德和醫學毒品論述之間的關係。另外,本研究對1978年至2008年的100個禁毒廣告及由1979年至2009年的26部禁毒電視新聞紀錄片進行文本及論述分析,以整合過去30年來本地媒體所運用的毒品論述。再者,本研究在一所福音戒毒中心(基督教得生團契)及一間社區戒毒輔導中心(香港路德會青欣中心)分別進行14個月及10個月民族誌考察,以檢視社工及青少年吸毒者如何運用主流媒體流行的毒品論述。 ; 本研究發現主流媒體經常使用一種包含道德及醫學論述的「過來人」敘事法(go through narrative)。這種敘事法主要以吸毒「過來人」作為關鍵主體,去描述吸毒者最「真實」的「浪子回頭」故事,並且組成了主流的「浪子回頭」論述(Prodigal Son Returns Home Discourse),為吸毒者建立了一個「浪子」身份。另外,本研究亦發現媒體中常見的「過來人」敘事法亦常被社工及戒毒過來人應用,並將吸毒定性為生活方式問題。青少年吸毒者對主流論述的「浪子」身份表現出不同程度的適應,但這種敘述自我身份的靈活性仍被局限於「過來人」敘事法及其容許的論述原素(discursive components)當中。 ; 在理論層面上,本研究歸納出形成社會異類身份的主流論述所涉及的社會、組織、及互動層面的因素。而且,本研究亦歸納出在主流論述控制下,社會異類者體現自我身份自主性的策略,包括:「漠不關心」(Indifference)、「完整接受」(Adoption)、「自我適應」(Adaptation)及「自我肯定」(Affirmation)。透過靈活表述社會異類行為的性質,他們肯定個人身份及對抗主流論述。然而這種敘述自我身份的靈活性仍被局限於主流論述原素當中。 ; For over 50 years, the major conception of drug addiction in Hong Kong media comes from the imaginations of heroin addiction. Drug addicts are usually presented as irresponsible for job and family, and they commit crimes to get money to buy drugs in order to relieve serious withdrawal symptoms. However, in recent years, most youth addicts use 'recreational drugs' like ketamine and ecstasy rather than heroin. The moral and disease conceptions of drug addiction are not applicable in their drug-taking experiences because many youth psychotropic drug addicts find no severe withdrawal and tolerance symptom. The 'gap' between the conventional drug discourses and the experience of youth drug users produces dissonance among addicts, drug rehabilitation and preventive education. ; This study aims at figure out the existing meanings of drug addiction in the mass media and drug rehabilitation. Firstly, a historical analysis on the government anti-drug policy was conducted to figure out the relationship between ...

"耽美"来源于日本,是以女性读者群为主要受众、描写男性与男性之间浪漫关系或性关系的文学或艺术作品,也被称为BL(Boy's Love)。喜爱耽美的女性爱好者被称为"腐女"。耽美文化自1990 年代后期随着日本流行文化进入中国,至今已在中国网络空间中逐渐发展成为一个主要由女性网民所组成的,包含文本创作、阅读与交流的文化圈。与此同时,耽美文化的流行亦引发了中国当下种种对性与性别问题的思考。 ; 本研究将耽美文化解译为"女性幻想男男之爱"的欲望结构,从精神分析幻想理论与酷儿理论的视角来考察中国网络中的耽美文化现象。论文所围绕的一个问题是,耽美文化与中国社会文化中的性/别话语产生了怎样的关系,以及如何从腐女的耽美幻想中搭建起与现实性/别政治的联系。研究首先分析了两类网络耽美小说文本,分别来看它们与1990年代以后的"男同性恋"身份话语,和2000年代以后对"中国古典文化"想象之间的吸收、挪用与再创造;其次以网络腐女圈的论坛讨论与配对狂欢为对象,研究网络耽美式恶搞对官方媒体、主流男性形象和异性恋规范的权威所潜在的颠覆性;最后以2011年一桩"腐女被抓案"新闻报道为契机,来观察耽美文化与网络淫秽色情审查的纠葛、冲突与可能的出路。 ; 欲望幻想的流动性决定着它边界的模糊与开放,以及它承载、影响乃至侵扰"现实"秩序的功能。因此,作为一种女性的男性同性情欲幻想,本研究视耽美文化最引人注目的地方不在于其本身的出现与流行程度,而在于它与各种性/别话语的相互建构与矛盾冲突。此外,在对幻想文本、网络话语以及腐女群体的调查中,本研究也期待探索某种"酷儿"政治在中国网络文化中生产的可能性。 ; Boy's love (BL in short; danmei in Chinese) is a Japanese term for female-oriented fictional media, which focuses on love, sex and romance between beautiful androgynous boys or young men. Apart from the gay self-representations, BL is a genre of male homoeroticism by and for mostly heterosexual women. In China, the BL fans call themselves "Fu Nu", which means "rotten girl", to describe their enthusiasm for fantasizing male homosexuality. BL originated from Japanese amine, comic and game youth culture, and has since become a transnational phenomenon all over the world with a global fan base. As such, the phenomenon of boy's love had already aroused a lot of discussions in relation to ideologies of gender and sexuality from different cultural and social perspectives. BL fandom in China's culture context with its "Chinese characteristics" also deserves particular attention, when it opens up a fantastic space for Chinese woman to practice their sexuality beyond non-heterosexual norms. ; However there is limited work that considers the queer sexuality of female BL fans in China, in relation to the queer texts and queer discourses they create. There is also little research that explores the capacity of boy's love netizens to resist the on-going internet surveillance by the Chinese government of information deemed 'sexually inappropriate' ...

Tang, Kin Yat Gary. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 215-231). ; Abstract also in Chinese. ; Table of content ; TABLE OF CONTENT --- p.I ; ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.IV ; ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS --- p.V ; LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES --- p.VII ; ABSTRACT --- p.IX ; Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 ; Research Background and Objective --- p.1 ; Research Design --- p.4 ; Research Significance --- p.5 ; Plan of Dissertation --- p.7 ; Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- ELECTORAL COORDINATION: BACKGROUND OF FURTHER EXPLORATION --- p.9 ; What is the Pro-democracy Camp? --- p.9 ; Electoral Coordination in a Competitive Authoritarian Regime --- p.13 ; Literature Review: Factors behind Performance of Electoral Coordination --- p.23 ; Summary --- p.32 ; Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- THEORY AND HYPOTHESES --- p.33 ; What is Electoral Coordination? Conceptualization and Operationalization of Dependent Variables --- p.33 ; Identifying Independent Variables --- p.38 ; Further Analytical Dimensions --- p.47 ; Research Method --- p.51 ; Summary --- p.52 ; Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- 1998 & 2000 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL ELECTIONS --- p.54 ; Background of Elections --- p.54 ; Candidate Lists --- p.62 ; Electoral Platform --- p.64 ; Practice of Vote Division --- p.68 ; Election Forum at Mass Media --- p.73 ; Summary --- p.81 ; Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- 2004 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL ELECTION --- p.84 ; Background of Election --- p.84 ; Background of Strategic Coordination --- p.90 ; Strategic Coordination and Mission of The pro-democracy camp --- p.92 ; Decision-Making Mechanism of Strategic Coordination --- p.94 ; Result of Strategic Coordination --- p.95 ; Summary --- p.122 ; Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- 2008 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL ELECTION --- p.125 ; Background of Election --- p.125 ; Candidate Lists --- p.133 ; Electoral Platforms --- p.136 ; Practice of Vote Division --- p.141 ; Electoral Forum in Mass Media --- p.144 ; Dispute about Support of Anson Chan --- p.152 ; Summary --- p.153 ; Chapter ...

Chan, Mun Tak Ada. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 65-69). ; In English with some Chinese characters; abstract also in Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.i ; Abstract (Chinese) --- p.iii ; Acknowledgements --- p.iv ; Table of Contents --- p.V ; List of Figures and Tables --- p.vii ; Chapter Chapter One --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Geographical Location and Political Status of Hong Kong --- p.3 ; Personal Reflection on the Change of HKSAR´ةs Sovereignty --- p.8 ; Chapter Chapter Two --- Propaganda on Television: Music Video in Hong Kong Mass Media --- p.10 ; Defining Post-colonialism --- p.10 ; A Brief History of Hong Kong --- p.12 ; National Affiliation of the Hong Kong Citizens in the Pre- and Post-Handover Era --- p.14 ; Chapter Chapter Three --- The Changing Audiovisual Presentation of the PRC National Anthem Video Clips in Post-colonial Hong Kong --- p.23 ; Chinese Musical Nationalism in Post-colonial Hong Kong --- p.23 ; "Vocabulary´ح and Its Post-colonial Interpretation --- p.24 ; "Structure´ح and Its Post-colonial Interpretation --- p.25 ; Conceptualization of the Nation by Displaying the PRC flag and the Hong Kong SAR flag --- p.26 ; Conceptualizing the Ideas of Ethnicity --- p.30 ; Image of People´ةs Liberation Army in Constructing the Concept of the Nation --- p.32 ; Interrelationship between the Musical Interpretation and the People featured --- p.34 ; Vocabulary in Constructing the Concepts of the Chinese Nation --- p.41 ; Conclusion --- p.44 ; Chapter Chapter Four --- Conclusion --- p.48 ; Post-Colonial Influences Upon the Cultural Identity of Hong Kong Citizens --- p.48 ; Reinforcing Political Affiliation to the PRC using the National Anthem after the 1997 Handover --- p.49 ; Our Home Our Country featuring the PRC National Anthem as a Political Tool --- p.50 ; The Historical Significance of Our Home Our Country --- p.52 ; Appendix I Basic Information of the National Anthem Video Clip Our Home Our Country --- p.54 ; Appendix II Musical ...

So Ming Hang. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 218-227). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.i ; Acknowledgements --- p.v ; Content --- p.vii ; List of Table and figures --- p.xi ; Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction: the dilemma of RTHK and research questions --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.2 --- Significance of the study: importance of the mass media and RTHK in the political process in Hong Kong --- p.4 ; Chapter 1.3 --- Significance of the study: practical policy concerns for RTHK --- p.6 ; Chapter 1.3.1 --- The unstable financial situation of the public broadcasters around the world --- p.6 ; Chapter 1.3.2 --- "The political context of Hong Kong, which RTHK is situated" --- p.12 ; Chapter 1.4 --- Research questions --- p.22 ; Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature Review: The normative role of public broadcaster and their performance in actual practice compared with commercial broadcaster --- p.25 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.25 ; Chapter 2.2 --- Public vs Private --- p.26 ; Chapter 2.3 --- Theoretical defense for the public broadcasting: Market failure in broadcasting --- p.27 ; Chapter 2.3.1 --- Spectrum scarcity and failure of competition --- p.27 ; Chapter 2.3.2 --- """Public goods"" nature of broadcasting" --- p.28 ; Chapter 2.3.3 --- Externality of the broadcasting as a media --- p.29 ; Chapter 2.3.4 --- The incapacity of the audience --- p.34 ; Chapter 2.4 --- Spectrum scarcity: Weakening rationale --- p.35 ; Chapter 2.5 --- "Market Solution for the ""public goods"" failure: Advertising" --- p.36 ; Chapter 2.6 --- Empirical studies: The public broadcasters may not be very different --- p.39 ; Chapter 2.6.1 --- Information source/news source/guest --- p.39 ; Chapter 2.6.2 --- Topics/Agenda --- p.42 ; Chapter 2.6.3 --- Frames/Themes/Angle --- p.43 ; Chapter 2.6.4 --- Other studies --- p.44 ; Chapter 2.7 --- Theoretical explanation for the quite similar phenomenon between the public and ...

香港在主流革命史學的敘述中一般被認為是推動辛亥革命的「搖籃」,但在革命黨人之外的社會大眾,對「革命」究竟有怎樣的取態?《香港華字日報》是這段時期香港銷量最大的華文報紙,仔細考察該報創辦的歷史及其1909-1913年的政治取態,可見該報是華商陳氏家族的一份現代產業,並無黨派認同,報紙內容與宗旨也頗具現代傳媒的新聞專業主義色彩,強調「中立」而較少傳統「文人論政」情懷。 ; 本文選取1909-1913年的《香港華字日報》,剖析這五年的報紙中與「革命」相關的內容細節,認為這份報紙對「革命」並非積極推動,取態反而偏於保守,並順應時勢而調整:辛亥前報紙展現的「革命」介於傳統和現代之間,既是「犯上作亂」的傳統造反,又是謀求民族獨立、政治改良的現代革命;而辛亥之後,報紙不滿意革命黨建立的地方政府,轉而支持中央而強烈反對革命黨的「二次革命」。這樣的取態既反映了部份以往未得到充分審視的社會輿論,也與報紙自身的立場及處境有關。 ; Hong Kong is understood as the "birthplace" of the 1911 Revolution in mainstream studies of the Chinese Revolution. But besides the revolutionaries, how did ordinary people understand "revolution"? Wah Tsz Yat Po was the most widely circulated Chinese language newspaper in Hong Kong during the period concerned. The thesis is an in-depth study of the newspaper's founding history and its political stance during 1909-1913. It is found that the newspaper was a modernised property owned by the Chan family in Hong Kong. It did not have political affiliations. Its content and objectives showed the newspaper's emphasis on journalistic professionalism that was similar to that held by modern day mass media, preferring "neutrality" over the tradition of providing political comments. ; The thesis closely examines the content of Wah Tsz Yat Po that was related to revolution during 1909-1913. It proposes that the newspaper did not play an active role in promoting revolution. Its stance was rather conservative instead and changed in accordance with political developments. Before the revolution of 1911, the newspaper regarded "revolution" as something between tradition and modernity. It was understood as a "rebellion against the authorities" in the traditional sense and also as a way to attain national independence and political reform in the modern sense. After 1911, the newspaper was against the local government set up by the revolutionists. It then turned its support to Yuan's central government and took a strong oppositional stance towards "the Second Revolution" initiated by Sun's revolutionary party. Its stance not ...

本研究是一項關於北京中年抑鬱症患者主觀經驗的敘事分析。研究的目的在於探尋患者對於自身患病歷程的主觀詮釋,他們的服務需求以及對於中國大陸精神衛生社會工作進行反思。研究的參與對象為目的性抽樣所得到的來自北京的一個抑鬱癥自助團體的八名中年抑鬱癥患者。 ; 患者回顧了他們不同階段的經歷:發病期、住院期以及康復期。然後他們對於這些經歷做了詮釋。基於不同領域的社會服務需求,對於醫院、社區、大眾傳媒以及政府,他們都給出了寶貴的意見。 ; 研究發現,既有的理論觀點對於關著對自身經歷的詮釋有著重要的影響,尤其是生物醫學模型。認知觀點和性別觀點也可以在患者們的敘事中找到蹤跡。精神科醫生在患者的整個經歷中都處於重要的地位,他們的觀點和行為對患者也產生了重要的影響。 ; 患者還受到社會和歷史因素的影響。他們的詮釋會受到社會觀念和文化價值的影響,比如命運、面子、孝順以及性別角色等等。而歷史事件諸如文化大革命以及天安門事件也會對他們的人生經歷以及他們的主觀詮釋造成影響。而中國目前的社會情境也是另一項重要的影響因素。 ; 從他們的故事中,我們可以看到,最重要的主題就是他們在患病過程中認知模式的轉變,包括對待抑鬱癥本身,所接受的服務以及自身的看法。在他們的敘述中,另外兩個主題也是非常值得注意的,那就是和抑鬱症有關的"喪失以及醫院裡非人道的治療方式。 ; 他們的故事為我們對於北京中年抑鬱症患者經歷的理解提供了非常豐富詳實的材料。這些發現對於知識理論的發展、政策的制定以及針對抑鬱症患者的臨床社會工作實踐都有著很大的啟示。整個社會以及不同領域的精神衛生專業人士都應該攜起手來幫助他們,共同去創造一個更加包容和諧的社會。 ; This research was a narrative analysis of the subjective experiences of the depressed middle-aged adults in Beijing, China. The purposes of the research were to explore the clients' subjective interpretation of their lived experience of depression, their service needs and reflect on the improvement of mental health social work in Mainland China. A purposive sample of eight depressed clients from a self-help group in a mental health hospital in Beijing participated in this study. ; The clients talked about their experiences at different stages: the onset, in the hospital and the rehabilitation, and interpreted their experiences. They also gave some advice to the hospital, the community, the mass media and the government based on their social service needs. ; The theoretical perspectives influenced the clients' interpretations of their experiences, especially the biomedical model. The cognitive perspective and the gender perspective could also be found in the client's narratives. The psychiatrists were very important in the whole process of the clients' experiences. Their perspectives and behaviors also influenced the clients. ; It is found that the clients were also influenced by social and historical factors. Their interpretations were affected by social beliefs and cultural values such as fate, face, filial piety and ...