Suchergebnisse

The political elite has found in the appeal to the Constitutional Council a new resource in the political struggle and the criticisms it wages at the institution no longer, as in the past, aim to suppress it but rather to stigmatize its jurisdictional "shortcomings". As for the media, they tend to use judicial review to give more objectivity to their assessment of the policy-making process and also, thanks to opinion polls, of constitutional issues. Adapted from the source document.

On 16 Mar 1999, the College of Commissioners, presided over by Jacques Santer, announced its collective resignation after more than six months wherein the European press had made public a number of cases of fraud & management errors within the Commission as a whole. These highly mediatized criticisms led the new Commission to reflect upon its relationship with the accredited press in Brussels & led to a reform of the communicational practices of the European executive. Having first characterized the milieu of community-level sources & the traditional dominance of the Commission as a source of information, this article analyzes this attempt at reform & its failure as a means of analyzing an institution which, whilst seeking to highlight its role as a political actor by officializing its relationship with the press, has had great difficulty in being recognized as such by the journalists involved who are above all after more technical information. This subject matter is thus a means of observing the fundamental ambiguity of an institution where the technical & the political are inseparable & where problems of legitimacy are crucial causes of this relationship. 23 References. Adapted from the source document.

Examines impact of television channel Al-Jazeera launched in 1996 on Arab public opinion and on political processes in the Arab world. Summary in English p. 692.

This paper analyses different categories of political & administrative resources that the European Commission services responsible for audiovisual policy-making use in order to strengthen its capacity to elaborate this policy in a context marked by strong constraints on their autonomy. Faced with opponents of its policy conceptions, DG X "audiovisual culture" strived to initiate reforms in audiovisual policy after the victorious negotiations of the GATT in 1993. They did so in particular by consulting professionals from the cultural sector & by making the most of the presidency of the European Council of Ministers when held by the most supportive national government: that of France. 22 References. Adapted from the source document.