La définition des œuvres littéraires et des objets culturels, leurs formes et leurs modes de compréhension varient à l'intérieur de grandes configurations techniques et sociales elles-mêmes changeantes. Le champ de ces « médiamorphoses » réciproques recouvre, du XIXe au XXIe siècle, des genres et des domaines divers : de la poésie lettrée au roman-feuilleton, de la littérature à la publicité, des premières théories des mass-médias à nos modernes doxas politiques et intellectuelles. Lamartine, Dumas, Mallarmé ou Zola sont relus sous un angle permettant aussi de lire autrement Gabriel Tarde, Gramsci, Walter Benjamin ou McLuhan.
Zhang Yong. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-130). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.i ; Acknowledgements --- p.iii ; Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction: The Problem of Ideational Change --- p.1 ; The Articulation of Ideas and Practices --- p.2 ; Thesis Organization --- p.9 ; Methodology --- p.10 ; Chapter Chapter 2 --- Audience and Masses: Articulating with Different Media Institutions and Practices --- p.13 ; Social Construction of Audience --- p.14 ; The Reification of Masses and the Birth of Media Ideology --- p.22 ; The Institutionalization of Masses --- p.30 ; Legitimacy Crisis --- p.40 ; Chapter Chapter 3 --- "The Introduction of ""Audience"": Localization and Transformation.……" --- p.42 ; Localization --- p.43 ; Transformation --- p.57 ; Hybridization: Mixing of Masses and Audience --- p.65 ; Chapter Chapter 4 --- Audience Survey: The Legitimation of Audience --- p.69 ; Capitalist Democracy: Three Types of Surveys in the US --- p.71 ; Rescuing the Political Authority: Three Types of Surveys in China --- p.76 ; Appropriation --- p.80 ; Incorporation --- p.88 ; Institutionalization --- p.98 ; Chapter Chapter 5 --- Conclusion and Discussion --- p.109 ; Appendix --- p.117 ; References --- p.121
This thesis seeks to analyse the historical interpretations produced by societies in order to interpret and understand their past events, thus being capable of creating and rebuilding their collective imagination and their identity. In this sense, this study will particularly focus on the meanings that "collective imagination(s)" give to recent historical events and battles that are emerging from the social conflict to control "historicity" and "memory".It will start from the study of a political process of the Spanish transition. This event, controversial in the Spanish society, is subject to constant review both by historiography and literature, but most particularly by the media. Therefore, the analysis of the social and media representations of the Spanish transition proves to be, from our perspective very interesting, because they are historical productions with a strong influence on the construction of the Spanish "social memory".This research is therefore part of the disciplinary field of "history of present time" and is interested in the "memory" and "the public uses of history", including the historical representations that contribute to the creation of the "social memory". Within this context, our study will address the construction of this social memory by starting to analyse the role played by mass media as instruments of transmission of "memory" and historicity. Therefore, this research will dedicate a particular attention to the historical storytelling that forms what some authors have called "media historiography" and that has been an important contribution to the social construction of the interpretation of the past and then the present time.In order to do so, we propose to examine the official storytelling that arises from public institutions and that has been conveyed by the media through different generic forms: informative productions, reports and documentary shows. Later, we will undertake the analysis of historical productions, as well as the contributions of historiography, in the ...
This thesis seeks to analyse the historical interpretations produced by societies in order to interpret and understand their past events, thus being capable of creating and rebuilding their collective imagination and their identity. In this sense, this study will particularly focus on the meanings that "collective imagination(s)" give to recent historical events and battles that are emerging from the social conflict to control "historicity" and "memory".It will start from the study of a political process of the Spanish transition. This event, controversial in the Spanish society, is subject to constant review both by historiography and literature, but most particularly by the media. Therefore, the analysis of the social and media representations of the Spanish transition proves to be, from our perspective very interesting, because they are historical productions with a strong influence on the construction of the Spanish "social memory".This research is therefore part of the disciplinary field of "history of present time" and is interested in the "memory" and "the public uses of history", including the historical representations that contribute to the creation of the "social memory". Within this context, our study will address the construction of this social memory by starting to analyse the role played by mass media as instruments of transmission of "memory" and historicity. Therefore, this research will dedicate a particular attention to the historical storytelling that forms what some authors have called "media historiography" and that has been an important contribution to the social construction of the interpretation of the past and then the present time.In order to do so, we propose to examine the official storytelling that arises from public institutions and that has been conveyed by the media through different generic forms: informative productions, reports and documentary shows. Later, we will undertake the analysis of historical productions, as well as the contributions of historiography, in the understanding of this determinant event. Finally, with deep attention, we will tackle the study of audiovisual productions that are fictional and have historical material. Hence, by starting from the analysis of representations produced by this historical event, and the study of politico-cultural connections established between the present and the past told by these historical productions, our work seeks to understand the function of these in the construction of the "social memory". This work also tries to understand the role played by audiovisual storytelling, or historical fictions, as connectors to memory and tools that created the history of Spanish society.We hope then to be able to verify the existence of a "media historiography" that contributes in a decisive manner to the construction of the "social memory". In this sense, concerning the Spanish Transition, we aspire to answer the questions that the control of this "media historiography" imposes. We will do so first through the hegemony of the official storytelling, then by overtaking the State's imposed frame and the resulting development of a conflict for the "memory" and control of "historicity". ; Cette thèse cherche à analyser des représentations historiques produites par les sociétés afin d'interpréter et comprendre leurs événements passés et ainsi pouvoir construire et recomposer leur imaginaire collectif et leur identité. Dans ce sens, ce travail consacrera une attention toute particulière aux significations que la ou les « mémoire(s) collective(s) » donnent aux événements historiques récents et aux luttes qui se développent autour de ce conflit social pour le contrôle de « l'historicité » et de la « mémoire ».Elle partira de l'étude du processus politique de la Transition espagnole. Cet événement, de nature polémique au sein de la société espagnole, est soumis à une révision constante aussi bien par l'historiographie que par la littérature, mais surtout par les médias. De ce fait, l'analyse des représentations sociales et médiatiques de la Transition s'avère de notre point de vue très intéressant, car elles sont des productions historiques avec une forte influence dans la construction de la « mémoire social » espagnole.Ce travail de recherche s'insère donc dans le champ disciplinaire de « l'histoire du temps présent » et s'intéresse à la « mémoire » et aux « usages publics de l'histoire », notamment aux représentations historiques qui contribuent à la formation de la « mémoire sociale ». Dans ce cadre, notre étude abordera la construction de cette « mémoire sociale » en partant de l'analyse du rôle joué par les mass média en tant qu'instruments de transmission de « mémoire » et d'historisation. Par conséquent, cette recherche consacrera une attention toute particulière aux récits historiques qui forment ce que certains auteurs ont appelé « l'historiographie médiatique » et qui a une si importante contribution dans la construction social de l'interprétation du passé depuis le présent.Pour ce faire, nous nous proposons d'examiner tout d'abord le récit officiel surgit des institutions publiques et véhiculé grâce aux médias par le biais de différentes formes génériques : des productions informatives, des reportages et des émissions documentaires. Ensuite, nous entreprendrons d'analyser les productions historiques ainsi que les apports de l'historiographie à la compréhension de cet événement déterminant et, finalement, avec une attention toute particulière, nous nous attèlerons à étudier les productions audiovisuelles fictionnelles à caractère historique. Ainsi donc, en partant de l'analyse des représentations produites autour de cet événement historique et de l'étude des connexions politico-culturelles qui s'établissent entre le présent et le passé raconté par ces productions historiques, notre travail cherche à comprendre la fonction de celles-ci dans la construction de la « mémoire sociale », ainsi que le rôle tenu par les narrations audiovisuelles ou fictions historiques en tant que véhicules de mémoire et outils d'historisation de la société espagnole.Nous espérons ainsi pouvoir vérifier l'existence d'une « historiographie médiatique » qui contribue de façon décisive à la construction de la « mémoire sociale ». De la même façon, en ce qui concerne la Transition espagnole, nous aspirons à répondre aux questionnements que le contrôle de cette « historiographie médiatique » impose. Dans un premier temps, par le biais de l'hégémonie du récit officiel et, dans un second temps, à partir du dépassement du cadre imposé par l'État et le développement conséquent d'un conflit pour la « mémoire » et pour le contrôle de « l'historicité ».
The design of this research is based on the liberal pluralism belief that there should be various forms of alternative media co-existing with mainstream media, and the society benefits from having alternatives. The concept of alternative media refers to media that are independent from the political and market power. They deal with alternative topics, which are not covered in their mainstream counterparts. One of the traditions of alternative media research is to examine their potential in the formation of subaltern public sphere. ; The core question of this research is to explore the usage of online alternative media, and the link between online alternative media and the ideal of subaltern public sphere, in terms of attitude towards difference, rational discussion and civic participation. Participatory observation, online survey and case studies were applied to find out the answers. ; First of all, it is found that the usage of online alternative media is influenced by a number of factors. In addition to the gratifications sought from media usage, a heterogeneous online community is more likely to accept online alternative media, while intense use of alternative media in turn contributes to more tolerance of difference in society. ; Secondly, this research examines the relationships between online alternative media and the elements of subaltern public sphere. As the research findings suggest, under high political and economic pressure, little space is left for mainstream public sphere, while subaltern public sphere is possible with the help of online alternative media. Non-hierarchically organized and depend on voluntary work, online alternative media partly escape from political and market pressure and become the birthplace of rational public opinions. Online alternative media contribute to democratic society as they generate public space for deliberation, and cultivate the culture of participation. ; Finally, the significance of heterogeneity is emphasized. Online alternative media develop a group of media ...
by Lee Lap-fung, Francis. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 187-197). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese; questionnaire in Chinese. ; Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter Chapter 2 --- The background of the 1998 election --- p.10 ; Chapter Chapter 3 --- Approaches to election and media effects studies --- p.20 ; Chapter Chapter 4 --- Activating informed participation - a conceptual model for empirical evaluation --- p.33 ; Chapter Chapter 5 --- Design and methods --- p.47 ; Chapter Chapter 6 --- "News consumption, knowledge and sophistication" --- p.51 ; Chapter Chapter 7 --- Media and political attitudes --- p.65 ; Chapter Chapter 8 --- Voter turnout --- p.100 ; Chapter Chapter 9 --- The pitfalls of media strategic coverage: How media fall short from activating informed participation --- p.120 ; Chapter Chapter 10 --- Conclusion: Mass media and political participation in Hong Kong --- p.147 ; Appendix A Variable constructions and statistical procedures --- p.159 ; Appendix B Questionnaires and basic information about the data --- p.165 ; "Appendix C Electoral system,vote calculating method, and candidate lists" --- p.180 ; Reference --- p.187
Ho Kiu-Chor. ; Thesis submitted in: July 2003. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.i-ii ; Chapter Chapter One --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter Chapter Two --- Literature Review --- p.16 ; Chapter Chapter Three --- Methodology --- p.51 ; Chapter Chapter Four --- Media Discourse and Adolescent Experience of Consuming Media Images --- p.84 ; Chapter Chapter Five --- Disciplinary Practices of Schools and Self-concepts of Adolescents --- p.121 ; Chapter Chapter Six --- Discursive Tactics and Adolescent Subjectivities --- p.168 ; Chapter Chapter Seven --- Conclusion --- p.195 ; Bibliography --- p.i-v ; Appendix --- p.i-iii
本文從技術的政治經濟學視角,觀察中國上世紀七十年代末八十年代的廣播電視大學運動,主要采用文獻分析的方法,試圖去回答,爲什麽電大教育會從單位辦學制、個人自學制、學校辦學制這三種模式存走向單一的學校辦學體制?在電大運動所歸屬的更大的高教去國家化運動當中,爲什麽社會自治主義、新自由主義與電大教育接合失敗,而國家主義却成功了?爲了回答這些或具體或抽象的問題,本文在前人研究的基礎上提出了「新發展主義」的概念作爲分析工具,指出「效率範式」是七十年代末八十年代新發展主義的主要再現形式,它有追求「生産效率優先」和「成本效率」的兩個方面。在「發展主義範式轉移」的語境下,電大運動是國家以「技術動員」的方式徵用社會經濟資本實現人力資本積累的表現。通過使用新發展主義的「集中性-去集中性」這一對框架性工具,本文指出了社會自治主義表現爲「兩種效率衝突」以及「教育低效」的「反效率」,以及新自由主義表現爲「配置低效」的「反效率」,而與之相比,國家主義反倒因爲教育專業主義和機會平等政治的追求,而與新發展主義的效率追求形成了一致性。新發展主義與社會自治主義、新自由主義和國家主義在這一時期的「接合」與「接合失敗」,是單位辦學制與個人自學制的衰落,以及「公立非公費」的「學校辦學制」日漸崛起的原因。此外,本文從「新發展主義」出發,還提出了「改革辯證法」的認識論,作爲從「改革之交」理解共産中國的一種嘗試。 ; From the perspective of political economy of technology, this research aims to analyze the Chinese Broadcasting and Television University Movement(TVUM) , and to answer two sets of questions: 1) During the TVUM in late 1970s and 1980s, why did the "university-organized learning" model rise? Why did the "danwei-organized learning" model and the "self-learning" model decline simultaneously? 2) Why was the TVUM articulated with Statism successfully? Why did the articulation of the TVUM with Social Autonomism and Neo-liberalism fail ? Documentary analysis is the main research method. In order to answer the questions above, this research constructs the efficiency-oriented model to illustrate and explain Chinese economic development in late 1979s and 1980s. In the context of the paradigm shift of developmentalism, the TVUM took it as the main purpose to promote the accumulation of human capital. In contrast with the "anti-efficiency" of Social Autonomism and Neo-liberalism, this research identifies that Statism unexpectedly presents its consistency with the effenciency-oriented model by combining the professionalism of education and equal-opportunity politics. The rise and the declination in the TVUM are attributed to the success and the failure of articulation with the efficenecy-oriented model respectively. Moreover, this research preliminarily constructs "the dialectics of the reform" as the perspective of interpreting Communist ...
胡錦濤在二○一一年訪問美國是極其重要的中美外交事件,作為世界上兩個最大的經濟體,尤其在國際社會的共同命運和國家和國際經濟動盪的時刻,中美關係發揮顯著作用。 ; 本論文特別側重說明美國政府和新聞媒介如何建構胡錦濤訪問美國,並塑造為一個慶祝國際政治媒介事件,說明政府在建構新聞語霸權,且取得美國新聞媒體的合作。它最終引發了媒體社會學的問題,媒體民主問題和人文與經濟價值之間的鬥爭。 ; 這兩個國家之間日益增長的戰略和務實的關係,是突顯社會的政治背景,導致胡錦濤訪問美國作為一個媒介事件,形成一個變贏的和平競賽,以及慶祝和友好熱惰的表現。 ; 胡錦濤訪問美國以及美國電視新聞作為本研究的主要焦點,說明媒體往往採取在媒介事件中互相尊重,雙羸 ,和平和樂觀的態度。美國的電視新聞媒體會在臨鍵的時刻偏向政府。 ; Hu Jin Tao's U.S. visit in 2011 is an extremely important diplomatic event in U.S.-China relations in the past thirty years or so, which calls for bilateral and international attention, as the relations between the world's two biggest economies play a significant role in the common fate of the global community, at a time of national and international economic turmoil. ; This thesis specifically focusing on explicating the journalistic construction of Hu's U.S. visit as a historical and celebrative international political media event, a news discourse constructed out of hegemonic governmental influences and the cooperation of U.S. news media. It eventually raised media sociological questions upon the professionalism of U.S. news media in relations to U.S. foreign policy, media democracy and humanistic question over the struggle between economic pragmatism and individual freedom, especially in international integration. ; The growing strategic and pragmatic relationship between the two nations is the foregrounding social-political context that leads to the journalistic framing of the visit as a media event, a win-win peaceful contest, and an celebrative and friendly welcoming performance. And that the American TV news media tend to pay more reverence towards the government during critical historic political moment, in this case the U.S. visit by Hu. The U.S news media, with TV news as the main focus in this study, tend to adopt the ritualistic media event script in framing the visit in an respectful, peaceful and optimistic manner. There is a discursive news storyline of Hu's state visit as a win-win media event starts from the tension between the two states and then a ...
Li Yee Ching, Magdalene. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 154-160). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Acknowledgments --- p.i ; Abstract --- p.ii ; Chapter Chapter 1: --- Introduction ; Overview --- p.1 ; Research Objective --- p.5 ; Conceptualization --- p.7 ; Organization of the paper --- p.11 ; Chapter Chapter 2: --- Communication and Collective Memory ; Overview --- p.13 ; Collective Memory and Social Changes --- p.20 ; Collective Memory and Political Changes --- p.22 ; Mass Media and Collective Memory --- p.23 ; Chapter Chapter 3: --- Research Design ; Discourse Analysis of the Representation of June4 --- p.31 ; Data Analysis --- p.34 ; Chapter Chapter 4: --- Initial Frames of Remembrance of the Tiananmen Incident in1989 ; The Structure of the Available Past --- p.38 ; The 1989 Pro-Democracy Movement in Beijing --- p.40 ; Framing the June 4 Incident in the Hong Kong Context --- p.45 ; Contextualizing the 1989 Pro-democracy Movement --- p.56 ; June 4 and the Hong Kong Media --- p.61 ; Chapter Chapter 5: --- The First Anniversary of the Crackdown in1990 ; Commemoration and Collective Memory --- p.66 ; The Commemoration Project of June4 --- p.67 ; The Media as a Field of Memory --- p.68 ; Cultivating Collective Memory --- p.70 ; Interpreting the Changes in Memory --- p.77 ; Chapter Chapter 6: --- The 5th Anniversary of June 4 in1994 ; The Script of the June 4 Anniversary --- p.80 ; The Commemoration Project in1994 --- p.81 ; Shifting Media Representations of Key Players --- p.83 ; Subdued Commemoration of the Media --- p.91 ; The Context of Changes in the June 4 Memory --- p.93 ; The Role of the Media --- p.96 ; Chapter Chapter 7: --- The June 4 Incident Commemoration on the Eve of the1997 Handover ; Contradictions in the Memory of June4 --- p.101 ; Media's Coverage and the June 4 Commemoration --- p.103 ; Representation of Major Actors in1997 --- p.104 ; Media's Interpretation of the Meaning of June4 --- p.113 ; Interpreting the ...
Cet article veut mettre en évidence comment le manque de communication (incommunicabilité) entre les pays européens sur toute une série de problématiques – en premier lieu celle relative aux migrants – ne détermine pas seulement les agendas politiques de ces différents pays (dépendants de la proximité géographique au problème) mais fonde aussi dans l'opinion publique des stéréotypes orientant notre relation à l'autre. ; In this article, we show how a communication deficit (uncommunicability) between European countries on a whole series of issues – and primarily the migrant question – not only determines political agendas in these different countries (which vary depending on their geographical closeness to the problem), but also builds stereotypes in public opinion that influence people's attitudes to others.
In her dissertation, Children, Parents, Media and Risk Society: Are Content Ratings Making Media Regulation Possible?, Sophie Jehel examines the role of television and videogame ratings, involved in the content regulation system. In the first section, the author shows how in the family and social environment, debates involving childhood protection are regularly avoided for fear of provoking the issue of "censorship"; this idea completely misses the point of the current legal and economic states of the mass media. Today, television and radio, like "new media" such as internet and social networking applications, are a key element of the "Risk Society." (U. Beck). Similar to other industries, the media grow using the « social production of risk » in many ways, like broadcasting violent or shocking content. Therefore the media needs to regulate content to protect children. In theory, the co-regulation system advocated by the European Union, which involves citizen and user control, is meant to counterbalance the auto-regulation system of the rating process. In the second section, the author, drawing from a survey which examined 1142 children in their final year of elementary school (5th grade in France), or in their first year of junior high school (6th grade in France), and 781 of their parents, analyzes the utilization of content ratings. Today, the risks produced by the media are everywhere in the media environment, and affect people of every social background, but boys and particularly children from working class backgrounds–especially the ones who study in schools ZEP (Priority Education Zone)– are more exposed to situations of "risk". In general, parents and children widely consider the rating system good, but at this point, because of a lack of understanding, they cannot effectively counterbalance the influence of media. Therefore, successful co-regulation remains a long shot. ; Dans sa thèse, Enfants, parents, médias et société du risque. Les classifications de contenu permettent-elles une régulation des ...
In her dissertation, Children, Parents, Media and Risk Society: Are Content Ratings Making Media Regulation Possible?, Sophie Jehel examines the role of television and videogame ratings, involved in the content regulation system. In the first section, the author shows how in the family and social environment, debates involving childhood protection are regularly avoided for fear of provoking the issue of "censorship"; this idea completely misses the point of the current legal and economic states of the mass media. Today, television and radio, like "new media" such as internet and social networking applications, are a key element of the "Risk Society." (U. Beck). Similar to other industries, the media grow using the « social production of risk » in many ways, like broadcasting violent or shocking content. Therefore the media needs to regulate content to protect children. In theory, the co-regulation system advocated by the European Union, which involves citizen and user control, is meant to counterbalance the auto-regulation system of the rating process. In the second section, the author, drawing from a survey which examined 1142 children in their final year of elementary school (5th grade in France), or in their first year of junior high school (6th grade in France), and 781 of their parents, analyzes the utilization of content ratings. Today, the risks produced by the media are everywhere in the media environment, and affect people of every social background, but boys and particularly children from working class backgrounds–especially the ones who study in schools ZEP (Priority Education Zone)– are more exposed to situations of "risk". In general, parents and children widely consider the rating system good, but at this point, because of a lack of understanding, they cannot effectively counterbalance the influence of media. Therefore, successful co-regulation remains a long shot. ; Dans sa thèse, Enfants, parents, médias et société du risque. Les classifications de contenu permettent-elles une régulation des ...
