Suchergebnisse

Le présent article se situe à la croisée des deux thématiques: celle de la maitrise d'urbanisation et celle de la gouvernance environnementale, dans les sites urbanisés autour des industries gazières à risques majeurs. Notre choix s'est porté sur la ville de Hassi R'melAlgerie, située au sud algérien (520 Km au sud de la capitale) et abritant l'un des plus grands gisements gaziers du monde. Nous nous intéressons à mettre en lumière les stratégies de maitrise d'urbanisation à travers le processus d'exurbanisation en tant que projet pilote de la politique environnementale algérienne, en mettant l'accent sur le projet de relogement faisant parti des dix enjeux de l'exurbanisation et représentant le facteur premier de réussite ou d'échec de ce processus. Nous avons privilégié une approche comparative à la fois temporelle et spatiale basée sur le questionnaire et l'entretien directif. Nous avons ciblé un échantillon de 160 ménages résidents du bidonville de Hassi R'mel avant exurbanisation et 120 ménages parmi eux relogés dans la ville nouvelle de Bellil. Cette enquête a été complétée par des entretiens de type semi directif menés auprès de 22 acteurs locaux de l'opération urbaine. En analysant leurs réponses ainsi que les statistiques officielles, les résultats obtenus
montrent une forte inadéquation de ces nouveaux lieux de résidence aux aspirations et au mode de vie des ménages notamment sur les plans socioculturel, spatial et environnemental.

"Language proficiency emerges not solely as mastery of discrete skills, but also through one's ability to express ideas fully in a variety of cultural contexts. This innovative French-language textbook employs a holistic approach that integrates listening, reading, writing, and conversation--placing communication at the heart of the learning experience. It provides intermediate-level students with the interpretive tools necessary for literary and cultural studies. There are interactions with a variety of texts and media, including short stories, poems, essays, images, and podcasts."--

Handwriting learning
The mastery of fast production of legible graphic symbols appropriately displayed on a sheet of paper is the result of a long learning process, based on linguistic, visual- spatial and perceptual-motor skills. In this paper, we present a review of the steps in the development of writing styles in school-aged children, and we describe several cases of children presenting writing difficulties. The type of difficulties experienced by children vary from case to case and can be attributed to deficits at different processing levels in the production of writing.

The Consumer, the Law and the Courts : A French View.
There can be no effective consumer protection when the law is too complex and lacks transparency, nor when access to justice is too costly. France produces too many legal instruments which prevent the legal practitioner to have continuing mastery of the legal framework. Because of its current problems, french justice is ongoing a major crisis which can only harm the consumer. A substantial reform of legal aid is one of the major actions required to improve the situation.

Myths and Realities of the Soviet Military Menace, by Yves Boyer
In France, more than in any other country, there is a tendency to make too close a link between the ideological and military aspects of the Soviet menace. It is a dangerous error considering the very different nature of the minds and laws which formulate and govern ideology and strategy. Trying to assimilate the two leads to mistaken conceptions of the potential enemy. The challenge which the West must face is the Soviet mastery of contemporary strategy rather than their quantitative superiority in terms of men and military material.

Building an Officiai Company History: François-Paul Utzschneider, the "August Ancestor" This text focuses on how the consolidated narrative recounting the history of Sarraguemines, an earthenware; manufacture, was put together, bringing to the fore the founding father François- Paul Utzschneider. The latter was in fact given this title posthumously in an official history of the factory, which adopted the long view in telling the story and presented an idealised model of company paternalism in the second half of the 19th century,' reflecting : the constraints weighing upon company managers at the time. Thus, the character of F.-P. Utzschneider is granted a special existence in a biographical construction geared to achieving mastery over time: a paternalistic appropriation of history.

The debate on the eastern frontier of Israel takes into account both historical variations and the possible dissociation of the military, administrative and cultural fonctions which usually, in international practice, are placed on the same line. Security would thus imply, at least, moving Israeli's defense lines eastward in a modified political context, whereas the mastery over the land and natural resources for the whole of the Jewish heritage according to the prevalent zionist conception, would mean transfering the sovereignty frontier to the Jordan river. A zone of personal « autonomy » for the use of the native population, excluded from the advantages of citizenship but not expelled, would be carved out in this area.

Boar-Hunting Passion in a Cévenol District.

Boar- hunting appeared in the cévenol district of Valleraugue at the beginning of the century. At first there were only a few hunters, then small groups, and in the last ten years they organized themselves in a sort of team-game, in which the major part of the men of the district participate. This paper tries to show that such a craze is directly linked with the social change. In this district which completely lost its rural traditions, boar hunting is the only local activity which allows the inhabitants to assert their mastery over the land and their cévenol identity.Boar- hunting is a passion because it backs up an identity which was dying out.

Dmitry Shlapentokh, Bolshevism as a Fedorovian regime. The ideas of the Russian nationalism of Russia as a chosen nation were transformed in the mind of some of the Russian thinkers as the idea of humanity as a "chosen species" in which mastery over nature would ensure humanity an eternal life. Nikolai Fedorov was one of the best representatives of this sort of thinking. His ideas became an integral part of the philosophy of the Soviet regime. The political and economic expansion of the regime were viewed as the spreading of human power over the cosmos. At the same time, the collapse of communism and the USSR, the heir of the Russian Empire, was a death knell for Russian intellectuals for such a vision of the relationship between nature and humanity.

This text presents the special issue Beauty contests in Latin America published in the Journal de la Société des Américanistes from a series of themes - ethnicity, gender, beauty, political representation, patrimonialization - that appear through all the articles of this issue. The diversity of the references discussed here is intended to suggest new reflections and to provoke resonance within this little-explored research object at the crossroads of performance, politics, aesthetics and gender. Indeed, the articles in this special issue show that, in beauty pageants, the celebration of beauty involves a mastery of the representations of a collective identity and the production of gendered identities, while articulating some paradigmatic oppositions of the social organizations involved, such as the "masculine" and "feminine" poles, "tradition" and "modernity", the "Indigenous" and the "White". ; Available at: https://journals.openedition.org/jsa/14915

A logical african test: the banangolo and its relations to logical formal tests - The « Banangolo » is a symbolic outline executed by the forefinger and the middle finger in some African countries. Its purpose is diagnostic. But it also has an anatomic and cosmic meaning. It mainly appears related to sensori-motor activities. Facts show that as with Malian and Aquitaine children the mastery of this outline is not fully achieved until they are eleven- twelve years old. But, after abstracting temporal and spatial meanings, it is possible to represent the sensori-motor processes which allow the outline by an expression of propositional logic : non exclusive disjunction. So, the Banangolo could be used as a psychotechnical test of development. Comparisons made with some tests of propositional logic figuring in Longeot 's tests seem to bring positive arguments to this use.

Some aspects of Napoleon Bonaparte's superiority as a war leader between 1796-1806 ; What distinguished Napoleon Bonaparte was his capacity to assimilate the strategic heritage of Guibert. He was a master of grand tactics and he excelled in the handling of large formations in manoeuvres that aimed to finish up with the concentration of .French forces and the pursuit of the defeated enemy. Jena illustrates his success best in this regard. This mastery of the oppositional notions of dispersal and concentration is the key element in explaining Napoleon's superiority as a war leader during the ten years from 1796 to 1806. All the same, this exceptional talent did have at its disposition a major advantage : a superb tool for waging war. The technical heritage of the French Bourbon army was one of undeniable quality. It was from this basis that Napoleon fashioned the redoubtable instrument of war that was able to carry out his manoeuvres.

The consideration of environmental issues has become essential in any project or planning. The environmental policy gradually formalized in France and made a number of objectives and instruments to implement in particular as regards the preservation and restoration of green and blue frames. The « Aménagement Foncier Agricole et Forestier », governed by the « code rural et de la pêche maritime » enables a spatial redistribution of property and changes the shape of the parcel and the location of activities. This is an indispensable asset for farmers, taking into account environmental constraints, in order to have a better configuration of their plots. The various tools developed by public policies are often difficult to implement especially as « Aménagement Foncier Agricole et Forestier » can be a challenge if we integrate them inside. The « Aménagement Foncier Agricole et Forestier » should serve as a multifunctional tool for the agriculture, the environment and to reply to the land planning what we can see in this report. ; La prise en compte des enjeux environnementaux est devenue indispensable dans tout projet ou opération d'aménagement. Les politiques publiques d'environnement se sont progressivement formalisées en France et formulent un certain nombre d'objectifs à atteindre et d'instruments à mettre en œuvre notamment en ce qui concerne la préservation et la restauration des trames vertes et bleues. L' Aménagement Foncier Agricole et Forestier, régi par le code rural et de la pêche maritime, permet une redistribution spatiale de la propriété et par là permet de modifier la forme duparcellaire et la localisation des activités. C'est un atout indispensable pour les exploitants qui leur permettent, en tenant compte des contraintes écologiques, d'avoir une meilleure configuration de leurs parcelles. Les différents outils élaborés par les politiques publiques sont souvent difficiles à mettre en œuvre d'autant que l'AFAF peut constituer un défi si on les intègre dans cette opération. L'AFAF doit servir d'outil multifonctionnel pour l'agriculture, l'environnement et pour répondre à l'aménagement du territoire (planification et utilisation du sol) ce que nous pourrons voir dans ce mémoire.

Strategy and Disarmament : the Chances of a Cooperative Security Policy, by Jean Klein
Since the end of the First World War disarmament has entered the diplomatie arena and has been a subject of constant debate for the great powers. However, the failure of collective security under the auspices of the League of Nations and the East-West antagonism caused by the great rift that followed the Second World War set narrow limits to this undertaking. Although the mastery of wea-pons made it possible to stabilize the balance on which reciprocal deterrence between the two nuclear powers was based, disarmament proper began only towards the end of the 1980s. With the disappearance of the bipolar order and the emergence of a new security System in Europe and the world, disarmament is set to become a major component of a peace policy based on sufficiency of resources and transparency of military activities.

Automation in Soviet Industry, 1970-1983: an Assessment of the Present State of Robot Technology.
With the outset of the next five-year plan, there should be a significant development in the use of robot technology in Soviet industry. Hovewer, this could be more illusory than real, a play on the definition of the word robot, which is a literary rather than a technological concept. Indeed, the Soviets have an ideological stake in the idea, representing as it does growth through technical and economic progress and the struggle against falling labor productivity. The fact that they have fallen behind in the mastery of advanced technologies, essentially electronics and automation, has forced them to resort to a production strategy which differs from that adopted in the USA. They are producing modular single-purpose robots, whereas the trend in America is towards sophisticated multi-purpose models. Thus, outside of showcase prototypes, the image of Soviet industrial robot technology that emerges is one of mass-production of machines of a rudimentary type.