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Media Impact: Misfits in the Media examines the role of media representations in our society and how they are connected to our political economy. It also investigates the effects of these representations and how they can shape our own views and thoughts. This study is motivated by media representations and the term 'misfit.' I explored the history of these media representations and the impact it has had on today's society. I also evaluated what it means to be a 'misfit' in today's society. Using the television shows Glee, Modern Family, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, and the movie Mean Girls, I explored these elements of being a misfit especially as a woman, trying to fit in, and as a part of the Lesbian/Bisexual/Gay/Transgender community. This study is also motivated by the bullying that occurs against 'misfits.' As predicted, most of these instances happen when there is little to no supervision. Another form of bullying happens because of homophobia. Homophobia is used to control others. The findings offer insights into media representations and how they impact our society, the different effects of bullying, and the roles of the teacher.

The Companion to Media Studies and Digital Humanities is about researching media through new media: for example, playing games to better understand their politics and mechanics, exhibiting new media art to witness how people engage it, building stories to become more familiar with their structures and narratives, making wearable technologies to explore the overlaps between norms and fashion, or developing software to examine its relation to writing and literacy. In this introduction, I survey some tensions and overlaps between media studies and digital humanities and then focus on four key areas of analysis emerging from their intersection in this companion: moving beyond text in digital humanities research, foregrounding the importance of collaboration and laboratories outside of the sciences, underscoring the need for cultural criticism and social justice research when working with technologies, and expanding what "intervention" and "research contribution" mean in a moment obsessed with "doing," "making," and "hacking." I conclude the introduction with an outline and rationale for each of the Companion's five sections: Access, Praxis, Justice; Design, Interface, Interaction; Mediation, Method, Materiality; Remediation, Data, Memory; and Making, Programming, Hacking.

The concepts of media accountability, media criticism and media governance are analysed and discussed in a Swedish setting; how they relate to each other and interact. This is achieved by using various methods – a survey to editors, analy- ses of parliamentary debates, interviews, direct observation and document stu- dies – in studying different stakeholders, media representatives and governance conditions in Sweden during the last 70 years. The findings point in a direction of dynamic complexities with a central role for media criticism. The type, level and intensity of media criticism may affect the functioning of the media governance structure and is a vital part of the media accountability process. The media governance structure – which in addi- tion to media criticism is influenced by international conditions, technological developments and political factors – may in turn affect the media accountability process. In this process, media representatives aim to defend obtained positions of societal influence, achieve and maintain positive PR and enhance editorial quality at the same time. Media criticism may start a substantial media accountability process if the discontent is widespread and not countered by market approval or political iner- tia. The process is facilitated if the critique is connected to more than one frame of accountability and if stakeholders see opportunities for dual objectives. Very strong and widespread media criticism may be difficult for media organizations to neglect. The accountability process in Sweden has become less dependent on corpora- tive negotiations between organized interests and political assemblies. Instead, two other tendencies seem to have emerged: on the one hand a possibility for media organizations to favour such accountability processes that they are able to control, and on the other hand the rise of a rich variety of sometimes short-lived accountability instruments that may develop for specific occasions and are difficult to control.

As we were writing this chapter, the 2020 election campaign in the US was entering its last week before the elections. There are probably few more news-intensive events in the world than the American presidential elections. The smallest and, in other settings, seemingly irrelevant details of a candidate's behaviour and appearance (a slip of the tongue, the way that they laugh or their temporary memory losses) are immediately picked up by cameras and microphones and publicized across news networks and commented on and shared throughout social media networks in a matter of seconds and minutes, possibly affecting people's attitudes towards particular politicians and parties (directly or indirectly).

This is a conference paper. ; The comparative study of media systems and their relationships with political systems has received a substantial amount of attention in recent years, and made significant strides in understanding the diversity of mass communication around the world, along with its causes. Yet, while this systemic approach is important, it offers it offers only a partial insight into diversity of global media landscapes and, more generally, into the social implications of mass communication. To gain a fuller grasp of these implications, we need to start from the premise that socially significant communication extends well beyond the traditional domains of politics, and encompasses the mediation of basic cultural ideals and narratives, as well as the structuring of everyday practices and routines. These include the perceptions of private and public life, the understanding of the nation and its position in the world, the modes of organizing daily routines and everyday spaces, the historical events remembered and celebrated on a mass scale, and much more. To investigate these dimensions, this paper develops a conceptual and analytical framework that conceives of media cultures as patterns of ideas and practices that enable mass mediated meaning formation, and that have distinct spatial and temporal characteristics. These media cultures can vary on a number of dimensions, from the extent to which they seek to serve public or private goals, the degree to which they are open to transnational exchanges, to their modes of engaging with the past, present and future. This framework can be applied to different media and cultural forms, and in diverse political and cultural contexts. By way of illustration, the paper outlines how the framework can be used for the comparative study of (analogue) television cultures.

Explains gatekeeping - the process by which journalists and managers source, filter, and edit content; media stakeholders compete; and governments regulate. Outlines its impact on the media market, policy implications, and steps to control it.

Medienkritik ist ein Grundbegriff der Medienpädagogik. Die Förderung von Medienkritik ist eine wesentliche Aufgabe der Medienpädagogik in allen pädagogischen Handlungsfeldern. Seit Bestehen der Medienpädagogik als wissenschaftliche Teildisziplin der Erziehungswissenschaft gibt es Definitionsangebote zum Begriff Medienkritik und Vorschläge zur Weiterentwicklung und Ausdifferenzierung des Begriffs. Im Unterschied hierzu entstanden nur relativ wenige empirische Studien, die die Untersuchung von Prozessen zur Förderung von Medienkritik in medienpädagogischen Handlungsfeldern zum Gegenstand hatten. Auch in der Theoriebildung gibt es Desiderata, insbesondere im Kontext der Digitalisierung und damit verbundenen Veränderungen in der gesellschaftlichen Kommunikation, der Sozialisation, der Bildung und Erziehung. Der folgende Beitrag bietet im ersten Teil einen Überblick zu bisherigen begrifflich-theoretischen Überlegungen, zu Praxisbeispielen und zu forschungsbezogenen Studien einer pädagogisch motivierten Medienkritik. Der zweite Teil greift ausgewählte Themen aus der aktuellen Fachdiskussion auf: die Notwendigkeit einer kritischen Medien- und Gesellschaftsanalyse, die Auseinandersetzung mit normativen Fragen und dem Subjektverständnis in der Medienpädagogik. Der Beitrag plädiert dafür, Medienkritik vor allem im Kontext einer politisch-kulturellen Medienbildung alltags- und praxisnah zu entwickeln. ; Media criticism is a basic concept of media education. The promotion of media criticism is an essential task of media education in all pedagogical fields of practice. Since media education was established as a scientific sub-discipline of educational science, there have been offers for definitions of the term media criticism and suggestions for the further development and differentiation of the term. In contrast, relatively few research studies investigated processes for the promotion of media criticism in media educational fields of practice. Nevertheless, there are also desiderata in the field of theory, especially in the context of digitalization and associated changes in the areas of social communication, socialization, and education. In the first part, the following article provides an overview of previous conceptual-theoretical considerations, practical examples and research-related studies of a pedagogically motivated media criticism. The second part takes up selected topics from the current expert discussion: the necessity of a critical media and social analysis, the reflection of normative questions and the understanding of the subject in media education. The article argues in favour of developing media criticism in a practical way and close to everyday life, especially in the context of political-cultural media education.

This paper asserts that truly activist media must be dually committed to critical education and to political action. Whereas my previous work has focused on the need for activist media to challenge media power from within, it is my goal here to build a model of activist media characterized by direct action through engagement in critical education and activism in both content and production. Such a model will provide insight both into the limitations of previous research on the oppositional potential of alternative media and into the challenge facing alternative media scholars and practitioners alike – that of rising above the noise of the dominant media of the cultural industry in order to communicate for radical social change.

The author tends to analyze the man-media as the latest media (in the author's opinion) in the field of current media, a phenomenon that does not (in the author's view) belong to civic nor participative journalism, nor can its media activity be subsumed under UGC (user generated content). The question of whether the man-media in reality is a media and its role in the public sphere, are the focus points of consideration of man as media. The man-media is considered an informative-oriented individual, interested in public matters and its own active engagement in public affairs, independently producing and placing the media content: news, information, reports, comments, stories, analytical articles. The author uses the same name for a group or multitude of individuals with the same goals, taking both journalism as a craft and the media as an institution, and uniting them in their own, individual and autonomous activity. The man-media emerges due to the fact that the existing media do not perform their primary functions in a manner that satisfies the citizens' needs, and thanks to the modern technology providing numerous opportunities for an individual to collect information, create media content and distribute them independently, in a faster and easier manner.Key words: man, media, democracy, internet, information, public sphere.

This study aimed to determine the practice of internationalization carried out by BeritaSatu Media Holdings in supporting global economic interests of Lippo Group Company. Internationalization is an implication of media industrialization which the media company owner sought to reduce the spatial distance to obtain greater profits. Theory of Political Economy Media used to see how media content represents the interests of certain political economy, especially from media owners. To view the practice of internationalization, the concept of spatialization was used. The analysis showed that the practice of internationalization was done by BeritaSatu Media Holdings visible from nine of thirteen brand-owned media were in English, the media focused on business economics and finance or the life of the upper class, BeritaSatu Media Holdings' media distribution limited in cosmopolitan areas, some media published in Indonesia (The Straits Times, ThePeak) had editions in other countries, such as Malaysia, Singapore, and Hong Kong. Of this trend was seen that the reader of BeritaSatu Media Holdings was segmented to the expatriate community and executives. The expatriate community and executives were capital market investors and financial markets, or the part of policy makers in the field of economy both in the private and public sectors who have the power or role for the current financial turnaround either within the scope of national, regional, and multinational.

MOTIONS GRAPHIC SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN Enden Siti Romadonah Prodi Pendidikan Teknologi Informasi, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sukabumi Abstrak: Perkembangan teknologi yang mengharuskan pembelajaran menjadikan lebih modern dan bisa dilakukan dimanapun secara mandiri dengan mengunakan media pembelajaran motions graphic. Dengan pergeseran paradigma yang terjadi akibat perubahan filsafat yang berkembang ke arah digital yang memanfaatkan perkembangan teknologi sebagai media. Motions graphic juga digunakan dalam game, film, medis, militer, bisnis, iklan, promosi, olahraga, hobi dan pendidikan maupun pembelajaran. Motions graphic banyak digunakan karena Kekuatan media yang dapat menyentuh banyak ketebatasan peserta didik karena Motions graphic menggabungkan audio visual yang dapat merangsang otak untuk mendapatkan perhatian, pemahaman dan daya ingat. Kata Kunci: Motions graphic Abstract: Technological developments that require learning to make it more modern and can be done anywhere independently by using learning media graphic motions. With the paradigm shift that occurred due to a change in philosophy that developed in a digital direction that took advantage of technological developments as media. Motions graphics are also used in games, film, medical, military, business, advertising, promotion, sports, hobbies and education and learning. Graphic motions are widely used because the power of media can touch many learners' competencies because Motions graphic combines audio visual that can stimulate the brain to get attention, understanding and memory.

Nowadays everyone would agree to the growing, urgent need to enhance the understanding and the capacity of process analysis within Media Literacy and Media Education, given the increasing influence of the new media upon life styles and behaviours of all citizens, but especially the younger ones. Indeed, the twin issues of awareness-raising and developing processes to improve media literacy present all Member-States of the European Union, as well as the rest of Europe and the world, with a major challenge. Somehow, it is less important to recognize the problem of media literacy than to discuss how to foster the development and use of educational tools that would help the young generations, today and in the near future, to better develop a critical and informed attitude regarding the media.

AbstrakKehadiran al-Qur'an sebagai "media cetak" merupakan himpunan informasi dan pesan-pesan Ilahi yang tersimpan dalam bunyi yang kemudian terabadikan di dalam teks (tulisan). Teks Alqur'an telah memainkan peran yang sangat penting bagi terjalinnya komunikasi antara Tuhan dan manusia dan antara sesama manusia itu sendiri. Di sisi lain, media cetak sebagai media komunikasi massa, selain berfungsi sebagai alat perantara individu atau golongan dengan massa, juga mempunyai fungsi kemasyarakatan, antara lain; alat informasi, alat mendidik, alat menghibur, alat membimbing dan menyalurkan pendapat umum, alat menghubungkan dan alat kontrol.Peluang dakwah dalam kehidupan di era informasi, setidaknya dapat dilihat pada tiga sektor strategis, yaitu pertama, sektor keilmuan dan teknologi dengan berkembangnya semangat religiusitas. Kedua, sektor kekuasaan politik dan birokrasi dengan tumbuhnya semangat religiusitas dari pusat pemerintahan hingga ke desa. Dan ketiga, sektor bisnis dan industri dengan mulai banyaknya keterlibatan tokoh-tokoh pelaku bisnis dan industrialisasi tingkat nasional dalam kegiatan dakwah serta pemberian fasilitas dakwah di pusat-pusat kegiatan kerja.Tantangan dakwah pada sisi lain, yaitu pertama, tantangan sosio-ekonomi yang dapat dicermati dari beberapa hal antaralain pertumbuhan penduduknya tinggi, produktivitas rendah, sumber alam yang belum terkelola baik, tingkat kesejahteraan rendah dan tingkat kematian yang tinggi. Kedua, tantangan sains dan teknologi akibat kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan yang terus berkembang, maka corak kehidupan manusia akan terkurung dalam sistem kompleks dari business science technology, dengan tujuan menghasilkan produk lebih banyak dengan pekerjaan lebih sedikit. Dampak negatifnya mengakibatkan unsur emosional dan spiritual tidak diperhitungkan. Ketiga, tantangan etis religius. Sebagai dampak modernisasi materialis, maka konsekuensinya adalah terjadinya suatu pergeseran kemauan masyarakat dari kemauan alami (natural will) menjadi kemauan rasional (rational will). Dalam proses perubahan ini, kehidupan emosional manusia mengalami erosi dan berlanjut pada pemiskinan spiritual.Kata kunci: Media Cetak, Dakwah, Modernitas.

Struktur pasar media massa Indonesia saat ini cenderung bergerak ke oligopoli. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukan pemusatan kekuatan pada 13 konglomerasi media nasional dimana beberapa dari mereka aktif di partai politik. Hal ini berpengaruh pada praktik pers bekerja saat ini dalam membentuk opini publik cenderung menguntungkan pengiklan dan kepentingan konglomerasi. Teori Ekonomi Politik Media (Moscow, 1996) digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas komodifikasi, spasialiasi dan strukturasi. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian Kualitatif Deskriptif pendekatan Fenomenologi. Dari pembahasan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan: Dialektika terjadi antara pihak media partisan dengan regulator media massa pada beberapa hal dimana Media Partisan menganggap masyarakat Indonesia adalah khalayak yang sudah pintar dan aktif dalam mengkonsumsi media sementara regulator beranggapan khalayak masih pasif dan mereka tidak punya pilihan dalam mengkonsumsi media. Independensi dan Netralitas adalah konsep yang berbeda dalam praktik pers, sehingga pers sebagai manusia biasa tidak ada yang dapat netral keseluruhan. Regulasi batasan kepemilikan media belum diatur dalam undang-undang kecuali hanya media televisi.

Across Europe and beyond, the promotion of media literacy, for children and adults, has acquired an important public urgency. Traditional literacy is seen to be no longer sufficient for participation in today's society. Citizens need to be media literate, it is claimed, to enable them to cope more effectively with the flood of information in today's highly mediated societies. As teachers, politicians and policy makers everywhere struggle with this rapid shift in media culture, greater responsibility is placed on citizens for their own welfare in the new media environment. Media literacy is therefore all the more essential in enabling citizens to make sense of the opportunities available to them and to be alerted to the risks involved.