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Ethiopian literary tradition offers many opportunities to study how political and social identities developed and changed through the centuries, even though reading written documents entails the risk of being influenced by the ideology of the cultural centers that built up the different narratives. Among the possible examples, three case studies are herein presented: the social structure of the first dwellers of the Ethiopian highlands as it emerges from the inscriptions they left, the cultural identity of the kings of Aksum and of the Zagwe dynasty, the enigmatic ethnogenesis of the Amḥara. The analysis of the texts aims at giving interpretations based only upon philological evidence and not influenced by old and modern preconceptions.

Ethiopian literary tradition offers many opportunities to study how political and social identities developed and changed through the centuries, even though reading written documents entails the risk of being influenced by the ideology of the cultural centers that built up the different narratives. Among the possible examples, three case studies are herein presented: the social structure of the first dwellers of the Ethiopian highlands as it emerges from the inscriptions they left, the cultural identity of the kings of Aksum and of the Zagwe dynasty, the enigmatic ethnogenesis of the Amḥara. The analysis of the texts aims at giving interpretations based only upon philological evidence and not influenced by old and modern preconceptions.

Giullari e trovatori, due universi a confronto, in competizione, dove il giullaer é capace di muoversi nei due universi, sia in quello popolare che in quello aristocratico, e fa da intermediario tra i due mondi, fra il mondo aristocratico e quello popolare. I trovatori rivolgevano le lori critiche ai giullari assumendo un atteggiamento corporativo. Il mestiere dalla giulleria comprendeva diverse attività e specializzazioni artistiche, e esigeva una preparazione. La mobilità, inerente alla giulleria, aiutava a diffondere i repertori letterari, idee politiche e religiose, e scambi culturale ; Jouglers and troubadours, two confronted universes, in competition, where the jongleur is able to move in the two spheres, both in the popular and the aristocratic one, and acts as an intermediary between the two universes. Troubadours would direct criticism against the jongleurs assuming a corporative attitued. Ministry of jongleury included various activities and artistic specialties and requiered a prior preparation. The mobility inherent to minstrelsy helped with the dissemination of the literary repertoire, policy and religious ideas and cultural exchanges.

International audience ; The concept of "scripta", allows us to reflect on the possibility of comparing scriptorial macro-genres studied so far separately such as the troubadours' "chansonniers" of the local customary government books of the town consulate. The latter are more reliable in terms of dating and localization since they are, so to speak, the linguistic expression of the community town ruled by a consulate. The new edition of the medieval "Thalami" of Montpellier has elements necessary to define a town "scripta" split in two distintc chronological models. Its comparison with the troubadour "chansonniers" written in this region, particulary the chansonnier E, as regards the handwriting but also the progression of the textual status is the main object of this paper.

International audience ; The concept of "scripta", allows us to reflect on the possibility of comparing scriptorial macro-genres studied so far separately such as the troubadours' "chansonniers" of the local customary government books of the town consulate. The latter are more reliable in terms of dating and localization since they are, so to speak, the linguistic expression of the community town ruled by a consulate. The new edition of the medieval "Thalami" of Montpellier has elements necessary to define a town "scripta" split in two distintc chronological models. Its comparison with the troubadour "chansonniers" written in this region, particulary the chansonnier E, as regards the handwriting but also the progression of the textual status is the main object of this paper.

Utilizzando fonti della più diversa tipologia (liturgiche, agiografiche, storiche, letterarie, archeologiche ed epigrafiche), lo studio condotto sulla Passio s. Prisci e sulla Vita s. Castrensis, entrambe con ogni probabilità composte da monaci benedettini a Capua tra X e XI secolo, si concentra innanzitutto sulle vicende che in quell'arco di tempo resero possibile la permanenza delle comunità di Montecassino e di S. Vincenzo al Volturno nel centro campano e sul riflesso che la loro presenza ebbe sulla vita politica e culturale della città. La Passio s. Prisci acquista una valenza non solo religiosa ma anche politica se messa in relazione con la quasi contemporanea istituzione della metropolia capuana; la Vita s. Castrensis, per la netta prevalenza dell'elemento fantastico e soprannaturale che la caratterizza, appare meno legata alle contingenze storico-politiche e più vicina ai topoi della tradizione agiografica e popolare. I capitoli centrali della tesi sono dedicati alla figura di Quodvultdeus, vescovo cartaginese esiliato dai Vandali nel V secolo, la cui vicenda, narrata da Vittore di Vita nell'Historia persecutionis africanae provinciae ha funto da modello per le agigrafie campane. La ricerca prende dunque in considerazione le fonti letterarie, i ritrovamenti archeologici e le testimonianze epigrafiche che confermerebbero la testimonianza di Vittore, riflettendo inoltre sui rapporti di natura commerciale che nel V secolo intercorsero tra Africa e Campania e sul forte legame esistente, già a partire dal secolo precedente, tra le Chiese delle due regioni, fattori che potrebbero aver facilitato l'arrivo degli esuli cartaginesi a Napoli. L'ultima parte del lavoro è volta a rintracciare le ragioni storiche e letterarie che possono aver spinto gli autori dei testi a trasformare due santi di sicura origine campana in vescovi africani venuti dal mare, favorendo la diffusione del topos nell'agiografia campana medievale. ; This research project examines the Passio s. Prisci and the Vita s. Castrensis, two agiographic works written most probably in a benedictine monastry in Capua between the X and the XI century. Taking into consideration various types of documents, this thesis attempts to investigate the historical context in which these two texts where compiled. The first part of the paper especially concentrates on the events that made possible the presence of the monks of Montecassino and S. Volturno in Capua at the end of IX and most of the X century, reflecting on the influence they had on political and cultural life in the town. The Passio s. Prisci could acquire a religious and political value if it were connected with the institution of the new archiepiscopal seat of Capua, that was founded between 965-966 d.c. The redaction Vita s. Castrensis, on the other hand, appears to have been less influenced by historical and political events and much more connected to the topoi of the hagiographic and popular tradition. The paper also concentrates on the figure of Quodvultdeus, bishop of Carthage exiled by Vandals around 439 d.c. His story is told by Victor of Vita in the Historia Persecutionis Africanae Provinciae, work that was the role model for the Passio s. Prisci and the Vita s. Castrensis. This research examines the possible reasons that could have facilitated the arrive of Quodvultdeus and of other exiles from Carthage to Naples in the V century, evaluating also the literary sources and the archeological data that could prove this. The last part of the work reflects on the historical and literary causes by which Prisco and Castrese, two saints from the region of Campania, have been transformed by their hagiographers in two African bishops that arrived from the sea.

Notwithstanding an impressive amount of secondary literature, an exhaustive study has been never devoted to the twelve letters written by Dante Alighieri after his banishment from Florence (1302–1315). This book answers to this important need of Dante Studies, offering an important tool for the increasing community of specialists interested in Dante's works and posterity linked to the seventh centenary of his death (2021). A section is devoted to study in depth the theory and practice of the dictamen of the age in relationship with the concrete style of Dante's texts. A preliminary overview is provided by Latin Philologists and Paleographers on the subject of the manuscript trasmission envisaging the problems dealing with the critical editions of the texts. Example of political communication realized by a layman, the papers gathered in this volume intend to offer a new reading and interpretation of these important letters, studying them in their socio-cultural context.

La ricerca pone al centro dell'indagine lo studio dell'importanza del cibo nelle cerimonie nuziali dell'Europa occidentale nei secoli V-XI. Il corpus di fonti utilizzate comprende testi di genere diverso: cronache, annali, agiografie, testi legislativi, a cui si è aggiunta un'approfondita analisi delle antiche saghe islandesi. Dopo un'introduzione dedicata in particolare alla questione della pubblicità della celebrazione, la ricerca si muove verso lo studio del matrimonio come "processo" sulla base della ritualità alimentare: i brindisi e i banchetti con cui si sigla l'accordo di fidanzamento e i ripetuti convivi allestiti per celebrare le nozze. Si pone attenzione anche ad alcuni aspetti trasversali, come lo studio del caso della "letteratura del fidanzamento bevuto", ossia una tradizione di testi letterari in cui il fidanzamento tra i protagonisti viene sempre ratificato con un brindisi; a questo si aggiunge un'analisi di stampo antropologico della "cultura dell'eccesso", tipica dei rituali alimentari nuziali nel Medioevo, in contrasto con la contemporanea "cultura del risparmio". L'analisi si concentra anche sulle reiterate proibizioni al clero, da parte della Chiesa, di partecipare a banchetti e feste nuziali, tratto comune di tutta l'epoca altomedievale. Infine, la parte conclusiva della ricerca è incentrata sulla ricezione altomedievale di due figure bibliche che pongono al centro della narrazione un banchetto nuziale: la parabola delle nozze e il banchetto di Cana. L'insistente presenza di questi due brani nelle parole dei commentatori biblici mostra la straordinaria efficacia del "linguaggio alimentare", ossia di un codice linguistico basato sul cibo (e su contesti quali l'agricoltura, la pesca, ecc.) come strumento di comunicazione sociale di massa con una valenza antropologica essenzialmente universale. ; The research focuses on the study of the importance of food in wedding celebrations of Western Europe from the VIth to the XIth century. It was used a corpus of sources which features texts of different genres: chronicles, annals, hagiographies, legislative texts, to which it was added a deep analysis of the ancient icelandic sagas. After an introduction mainly centred on the publicity of the celebration, the research examines marriage as a "process" from the point of view of food rituality: the toasts and the banquets set up to ratify the betrothal and the repeated banquets for the celebration of the wedding. The research also analyzes some cross matters, such as the study of the case of the "drunk betrothal literature", a literary tradition where the betrothal between the two protagonists is always ratified through a toast; furthermore, a historical-anthropological analysis deals with the "culture of exceeding", typical of medieval food rituals of marriage, compared to the contemporary "culture of saving". Then the thesis examines the reiterate prohibitions that the Church imposed to clergy relating their attendance to wedding feasts and banquets, common trait of the whole Middle Ages. Finally, the conclusive part of the study is centred on the medieval reception of two biblical figures that set as background a wedding banquet: the parable of the wedding banquet and the wedding of Cana. The persistent presence of these two scenes in the words of Bible commentators proves the extraordinary efficacy of the "food language", a linguisitic code based on food (and on backgrounds such as agriculture, fishing, etc.) as an instrument for mass social communication with an essentially universal anthropological value.