Suchergebnisse

Der Autor, katholischer Pfarrer des nordwestbosnischen Bergbauortes Ljubija, beschreibt auf Grund seiner persönlichen Erfahrungen die drei serbischen Konzentrationslager Keraterm, Omarska und Manjaca in Nordwest-Bosnien, d.h. im Gebiet der selbsternannten "Serbischen Republik Bosnien und Hercegovina". Er ist am 08.06.1992 in das Lager Keraterm entführt worden, dann in die Lager Omarska und Manjaca verlegt worden, und am 28.08.1992 aus letzterem mit schwersten Gesundheitsschäden entlassen worden. Die Lager wurden von den serbischen Machthabern zur "ethnischen Säuberung" des Gebietes errichtet; inhaftiert wurden Kroaten und Muslime beiderlei Geschlechts und jeden Alters. Die Grausamkeiten waren insbesondere im KZ von Omarska, einem Todeslager, unvorstellbar. Zugleich ist das Buch ein Bericht über die Behandlung der nichtserbischen Bevölkerung dieses Gebietes durch die serbischen Machthaber und deren Organe, sowie über deren nationalistisch-rassistische Ideologie und Motivation. Das Buch enthält eine Chronologie zur serbischen Machtübernahme und zur Durchführung der "ethnischen Säuberung" in diesem Gebiet. (SOI-Abr)

Ethnic minorities and minorities-related conflicts have always been one of the most important security issues for international community. The durability of ethnic conflicts in certain regions and the difficulties in thei resolution, have resulted in the outbreak of many armed conflicts, the collapse of multi-ethnic states, the changes of borders and of demographic relations. Despite the increasing number of security challenges and needs, it is still not possible to talk about a certain uniform and universally accepted model of solving the problems among ethnic minorities. It is obvious that in the postcoldwar period this is going to be an increasingly pressing need of international community. The paper deals with most basic security problems which are caused by the unsettled relationships between ethnic minorities and majority; it also covers the policies of their resolution. By analysing the model of resolving ethnic conflicts in South Tyrol, two groups of ethnic conflicts' resolution policies are looked into: the policy of the elimination of differences and the policy of managing differences. (SOI : PM: S. 59)

In today's world, marked by an increasing interdependence, national security is becoming a component of international security, which is not a mere sum of individual national securities, but a permanent international framework of universally acceptable values. Interethnic relations today are central for a state's security, as well as for international order. There is the question whether the international system must guarantee individual and collective security of ethnic groups/minorities, regardless of the state they live in. Today, human and minority rights have become an important institutionalized international factor of security and stability and a concern of the entire international community, despite the fact that many states still claim that minority policy is their internal problem into which international community has no right to interfere. The affirmation of the rationalist approach to contemporary security implies that the responsibility for guaranteeing security lies not only on individual states and unions but also on the international system as a whole. (SOI : PM: S. 35)