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This article analyzes, within the Costa Rican literary development, the relation between the cronotope of city and the urban cronotope, as a means to set up the concept of tempo-spatial mental models, by introducing concepts from several disciplines: philosophy, sociology, physics, mathematics, etc. At the same time, it exceeds the literary dominion, as part of the concept of praxis. Finally, the "tempo-spatial mental models" are assumed in its political dimension as a means to criticize the establishment and build a socialist society. ; Este artículo analiza, dentro del desarrollo literario costarricense, la relación entre el cronotopo de la ciudad y el cronotopo urbano, con el fin de plantear el concepto de los modelos mentales tempo-espaciales, introduciendo conceptos de filosofía, sociología, física, matemática, etc. Asimismo, este concepto termina superando el dominio literario, insertándose en el concepto de praxis. Finalmente, "los modelos tempoespaciales" se asumen en su dimensión política con el fin de criticar el statu quo y de construir una sociedad socialista.

Editorial ; Aguilera, Oscar ; Presentación: ; Academia, salud y ciudad ; Aguilera, Oscar ; El pensamiento académico venezolano, opción revolucionaria: Un ensayo bibliográfico ; The Venezuelan academic thought a revolutionary option: A bibliographical essay ; Jiménez, Elsi ; El perfil de la élite política vs. el perfil de la élite académica en la Universidad de Los Andes (ULA), Mérida, Venezuela ; The profile of the political elite vs the profile of the academic elite in Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela ; Aguilera, Oscar; Rondón, Virginia ; Vivienciando el principio dialógico de la complejidad juegos dialógicos de desaprendizaje cognoconsciente ; Experiencing the dialogic principle of complexity dialogic games of cogno-conscious unlearning ; Andrade, Raiza ; Conocimiento y actitud de los docentes de la clínica obstétrica y ginecológica sobre la bioética en la relación médico-paciente. Decanato de medicina, Universidad Centroccidental "Lisandro Alvarado" ; Knowledge and attitude of docents from the obstetric and gynecological clinic about bioethics in the physician-patient relationship. Deanery of medicine, Centroccidental "Lisandro Alvarado" University ; Alterio Ariola, Gianfranco Humberto; Pérez Loyo, Henry Alejandro; Peraza Almeida, Elluz Yassell ; El médico ante el dolor humano ; The physician and the human pain ; Mejía, María A.; Díaz, Vanessa; Paulo, Manuel ; Mapas mentales y ciudad ; City and mental maps ; Agusti, Andreina ; Los factores humanos en el diseño de transporte. Incidencias en la calidad ambiental urbana ; The human factors in the design of transport. Incidences in the urban environmental quality ; Luengo, María Helena ; trimestral ; Nivel analítico

Mental health services and legislation in Brunei Darussalam have undergone a period of development and reform. This paper describes the challenges met, recent innovations and priority areas for the next 10 years.

The persons affected by mental disorders and illnesses, as persons given the legal personality, have rights. The mental illnesses and the intellectual deficiencies having incidences on the perception of the reality, the consciousness and/or the intellectual abilities of the person, entail inevitably consequences on the capacity to will or to decide. Taking this acknowledgement into consideration, the legislator has set up rules providing the protection of the person and of his goods, while respecting the person's autonomy. There are also legal provisions facilitating the autonomy of the disabled persons. Moreover, the change in judgment of the person has consequences on the person's civil and penal liability. Furthermore, as vulnerable person, the person affected by mental disorders and illnesses needs protection. In accordance with the principle of the respect of dignity, laws and regulations guarantee a specific protection of the body and of the person. Laws and regulations also cover the hospitalization under constraint required by the care of mental disorders. ; Les personnes atteintes de troubles mentaux, en tant que personnes dotées de la personnalité juridique, sont titulaires de droit. Les maladies mentales et déficiences intellectuelles ayant des incidences sur la perception de la réalité, la conscience et/ou les capacités intellectuelles de la personne, entraînent inévitablement des conséquences sur la capacité de vouloir ou de décider. Répondant à ce constat, le législateur a mis en place des mesures assurant la protection de la personne et de ses biens, tout en veillant à respecter son autonomie. Il existe également des dispositions favorisant l'autonomie des personnes handicapées mentales. En outre, l'altération du discernement de la personne a des répercussions sur les mécanismes de la responsabilité civile et pénale. Par ailleurs, en tant que personne vulnérable, la personne atteinte de troubles mentaux a besoin de protection. Au nom du principe du respect de la dignité, le Droit assure une ...

The persons affected by mental disorders and illnesses, as persons given the legal personality, have rights. The mental illnesses and the intellectual deficiencies having incidences on the perception of the reality, the consciousness and/or the intellectual abilities of the person, entail inevitably consequences on the capacity to will or to decide. Taking this acknowledgement into consideration, the legislator has set up rules providing the protection of the person and of his goods, while respecting the person's autonomy. There are also legal provisions facilitating the autonomy of the disabled persons. Moreover, the change in judgment of the person has consequences on the person's civil and penal liability. Furthermore, as vulnerable person, the person affected by mental disorders and illnesses needs protection. In accordance with the principle of the respect of dignity, laws and regulations guarantee a specific protection of the body and of the person. Laws and regulations also cover the hospitalization under constraint required by the care of mental disorders. ; Les personnes atteintes de troubles mentaux, en tant que personnes dotées de la personnalité juridique, sont titulaires de droit. Les maladies mentales et déficiences intellectuelles ayant des incidences sur la perception de la réalité, la conscience et/ou les capacités intellectuelles de la personne, entraînent inévitablement des conséquences sur la capacité de vouloir ou de décider. Répondant à ce constat, le législateur a mis en place des mesures assurant la protection de la personne et de ses biens, tout en veillant à respecter son autonomie. Il existe également des dispositions favorisant l'autonomie des personnes handicapées mentales. En outre, l'altération du discernement de la personne a des répercussions sur les mécanismes de la responsabilité civile et pénale. Par ailleurs, en tant que personne vulnérable, la personne atteinte de troubles mentaux a besoin de protection. Au nom du principe du respect de la dignité, le Droit assure une ...

The persons affected by mental disorders and illnesses, as persons given the legal personality, have rights. The mental illnesses and the intellectual deficiencies having incidences on the perception of the reality, the consciousness and/or the intellectual abilities of the person, entail inevitably consequences on the capacity to will or to decide. Taking this acknowledgement into consideration, the legislator has set up rules providing the protection of the person and of his goods, while respecting the person's autonomy. There are also legal provisions facilitating the autonomy of the disabled persons. Moreover, the change in judgment of the person has consequences on the person's civil and penal liability. Furthermore, as vulnerable person, the person affected by mental disorders and illnesses needs protection. In accordance with the principle of the respect of dignity, laws and regulations guarantee a specific protection of the body and of the person. Laws and regulations also cover the hospitalization under constraint required by the care of mental disorders. ; Les personnes atteintes de troubles mentaux, en tant que personnes dotées de la personnalité juridique, sont titulaires de droit. Les maladies mentales et déficiences intellectuelles ayant des incidences sur la perception de la réalité, la conscience et/ou les capacités intellectuelles de la personne, entraînent inévitablement des conséquences sur la capacité de vouloir ou de décider. Répondant à ce constat, le législateur a mis en place des mesures assurant la protection de la personne et de ses biens, tout en veillant à respecter son autonomie. Il existe également des dispositions favorisant l'autonomie des personnes handicapées mentales. En outre, l'altération du discernement de la personne a des répercussions sur les mécanismes de la responsabilité civile et pénale. Par ailleurs, en tant que personne vulnérable, la personne atteinte de troubles mentaux a besoin de protection. Au nom du principe du respect de la dignité, le Droit assure une ...

During research into mental health, a common theme is the needs of urban and rural communities. There are entire journals dedicated to the mental health needs of these groups. Some common problems faced in both areas are access to mental health services as well as value systems that create barriers to accepting mental health services. The struggle to accept the help from very limited and often underfunded mental health services provides a perfect storm for rampant mental health and drug abuse problems. This is a review the current literature regarding the mental health services and barriers in these communities to draw comparisons and similarities. A review of available research on the commonalities will be discussed as well as identifying gaps in available data. Exploration into each subgroup's similarities could provide a baseline for development of services to address both populations bilaterally. Due to the ever hostile political landscape, additional research regarding each group's perception of each other will be reviewed. A hypothesized additional impact to be aware of is a reduction of hostility between the groups through information provided to them about their similarities. This may be an important determining factor in providing care to each group through a centralized system that will overcome existing barriers.

BACKGROUND: Epilepsy and mental illness share similar problems in terms of stigma, as a result of centuries of superstition, ignorance and misbeliefs. Stigma leads not only to discrimination and civil and human rights violations but also to poor access to healthcare and non-adherence or decreased adherence to treatment, ultimately increasing morbidity and mortality. Despite continuous efforts in fighting stigma in these conditions, there is very limited knowledge on the phenomenon of double stigma, meaning the impact of having two stigmatised conditions at the same time. AIMS: To discuss double stigma in mental health with special reference to epilepsy. METHOD: Articles were identified through searches in PubMed up to 31 October 2019 using the search terms 'epilepsy', 'psychiatric disorders', 'stigma' and additional material was identified from the authors' own files and from chosen bibliographies. RESULTS: Double stigma is gaining attention for other stigmatised medical conditions, such as HIV, however, the literature on epilepsy is almost non-existent and this is quite astonishing given that one in three people with epilepsy have a lifetime diagnosis of a psychiatric condition. Felt (perceived) stigma and psychiatric disorders, particularly depression, create a vicious circle in epilepsy maintaining both, as depression correlates with stigma and vice versa as well as epilepsy and depression serving as bidirectional risk factors. This phenomenon has no geographical and economic boundaries as similar data have been reported for low-income and high-income countries. CONCLUSIONS: Governments and policymakers as well as health services, patients' organisations, families and the general public need to be aware of the phenomenon of double stigma in order to develop campaigns and interventions tailored for these patients.

This is an address by Raymond Nakai to a group of mental health professionals new to the Navajo Reservation. Nakai suggests that the way to reach the Navajo new to western medicine is to treat the overall health of the individual. Navajo a used to being treated by medicine men who will sing and pray along with treating with medicine. Nakai encourages the new mental health professionals to approach Navajo patients in a relevant way. BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE: Raymond Nakai, a Navajo Indian, was born in 1918 in Lukachukai, Arizona, on the Navajo Reservation. Raymond Nakai is noted as being the first modern Navajo political leader serving as Chairman of the Navajo Nation from 1963-1971. As chairman, the issues most important during his tenure were self determination in Navajo Education, reservation unemployment, developing Navajo economy, further development of the tribal government and improving relations with the federal government and surrounding states. Nakai had much unprecedented success as Navajo Tribal Chairman: In 1967 the Navajo Nation Bill of Rights was created, in 1968 Navajo Community College opened being the first tribally controlled community college, the Tribal Scholarship Trust was developed, relations with off reservation natural resource companies began, he was supportive of religious freedom of the Native American Church on the Navajo Reservation. Raymond Nakai led an active personal and political life and was an innovative leader for the Navajo People. The Raymond Nakai Collection contains material documenting his activities as Chairman of the Navajo Nation from 1963 - 1971.

Issues of Nov. 6, 1974 and Aug. 15, 1975 include "Emergency rules for chapters . filed with the Secretary of State." ; Issues from January 1976- prepared by the Legislative Service Bureau; issues from prepared by Legal Editing Division, Legislative Service Bureau; issue prepared by Legal Editing and Law Publications Division, Legislative Service Bureau. ; Title from cover. ; Mode of access: Internet.

The aim of this paper is to highlight some of the difficulties that mental health providers face when trying to provide the best standard of mental healthcare to refugees, especially in countries where the political environment is skeptic of, or even hostile to, creating programs specifically designed to improve the standard of living of this population. We also focus briefly on the dichotomy between the need to do research in this population in order to obtain data that will help us offer the best care possible to them, and the peril of undermining their autonomy by subjecting them to studies they might have otherwise refused to be part of, if they were in a less precarious position. Throughout the article, we offer practical advice that mental healthcare providers can follow to ensure that they are offering the best possible care to their patients while remaining respectful of their rights. Keywords: Mental health providers; Mental healthcare; Refugees.

Educationalists have been concerned with the labelling and treatment of children with mental health difficulties in the education system in England for some time (Timimi 2002; Rose 2005; Jull 2008, Cole 2015). These concerns have centred on the role of policy in 'othering' such students as deviant learners. The unprecedented number of children suffering from mental illnesses, has forced policymakers to address children's mental health difficulties. This has involved the identification of a sub-set of the school population experiencing 'less-severe' mental health issues, to be addressed through a suite of policy interventions delivered by whole-school approaches, but targeted towards children situated as mentally 'weak'. Drawing upon a Foucauldian theory of governmentality that addresses children's behavioural motivations (Rose 1989; Millar and Rose 1990; Foucault 2001; 2008; Popkewitz 2012) an in-depth analysis of a number of educational policy initiatives related to mental health, is conducted, that it is argued are fundamentally flawed. This analysis is followed by a discussion of the performative culture of High Stakes Testing in contributing to children's mental health difficulties. Here it is argued that a narrative of mental weakness serves to justify a neoliberal rationality towards the treatment of children for whom the performative logic assumed to motivate all learners, fails.

Existe una red común para la percepción y ejecución de acciones necesaria para la adquisición de la Teoría de la Mente, y elsistema de neuronas en espejo podría ser el sustrato neural. Objetivo: Estudiar la presencia de apraxia y su relación con la Teoríade la Mente en pacientes con Demencia Frontotemporal variante conductual. Métodos: Se evaluaron en 24 pacientes, se administróuna batería para la evaluación cognitiva de las praxias y pruebas de Teoría de la Mente. Resultados: Todas las pruebas de labatería de praxias mostraron una correlacionaron significativa con Falsa Creencia de primer orden, mientras que el Test de Carasmostró correlaciones con todas las pruebas de la batería excepto Ingreso auditivo verbal. Se hallaron, además, correlaciones significativasentre Lectura de la mente en los Ojos y las pruebas Ingreso visual de objetos e Imitación de gestos familiares, y entreFaux Pas y Utilización de herramientas, Decisión gestual y Denominación por función. Discusión: Estos hallazgos refuerzan lahipótesis de que los procesos de Teoría de la Mente se basan, según la teoría de la simulación mental, en un sistema de emparejamientode ejecución/observación de acciones cuyo sustrato neural podría corresponder al sistema de neuronas en espejo ; There is a common network for perception and execution of actions necessary for the acquisition of Theory of Mind, and the mirror neuron system could be the neural substrate. Objective: To study the presence of apraxia and their relationship to Theory of Mind in patients with behavioral variant of Frontotemporal Dementia. Methods: 24 patients were assessed, and the cognitive praxis assessment battery and theory of mind were administered. Results: All the tasks of the cognitive praxis assessment battery showed a significant correlation with the first order False Believe task, while Faces Test showed correlations with all the battery tasks except Auditory verbal income. Significant correlations were also found between Reading the Mind in the Eyes and Income of visual objects and Imitation of familiar gestures, and between Faux Pas and Use of tools, Gestural decision and Naming by function. Discussion: These findings reinforce the hypothesis that the processes of Theory of Mind are based, according to mental simulation theory, in a matching execution/observation of actions system, whose neural substrate may correspond to the mirror neuron system ; Fil: Politis, Daniel Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Gral. San Martin; Argentina ; Fil: Rubinstein, Wanda Yanina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Gral. San Martin; Argentina ; Fil: Tabernero, María Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Gral. San Martin; Argentina

The focus of this study is, "How is the Internalization of the NU Middle School Student Mental Revolution Ma'arif Pangandaran?". This type of research includes descriptive qualitative research, namely research activities carried out on certain objects clearly and systematically. While the method used is a qualitative approach. This study aims to describe the Internalization of the NU Plus Middle School Mental Revolution Ma'arif Pangandaran. Research results: 1). Internalization is defined as appreciation, deepening, exile, combining or uniting attitudes, standard behavior, opinions and so on in the personality. 2). Mental Revolution is a transformation of ethos, which is a fundamental change in mentality, ways of thinking, ways of feeling and ways of trust, all of which are manifested in everyday behavior and actions. This ethos concerns all aspects of life, ranging from economics, politics, science to technology, art, religion, etc., 3). The internalization of the Mental Revolution is an in-depth process of the values of the Mental Revolution that runs in NU Plus Middle School Ma'arif Pangandaran. The process of internalization is very important in the Mental Revolution. Because the Mental Revolution is part of the education of values. The focus of this study is, "How is the Internalization of the NU Middle School Student Mental Revolution Ma'arif Pangandaran?". This type of research includes descriptive qualitative research, namely research activities carried out on certain objects clearly and systematically. While the method used is a qualitative approach. This study aims to describe the Internalization of the NU Plus Middle School Mental Revolution Ma'arif PangandaranResearch results: 1). Internalization is defined as appreciation, deepening, exile, combining or uniting attitudes, standard behavior, opinions and so on in the personality. 2). Mental Revolution is a transformation of ethos, which is a fundamental change in mentality, ways of thinking, ways of feeling and ways of trust, all of which are manifested in everyday behavior and actions. This ethos concerns all aspects of life, ranging from economics, politics, science to technology, art, religion, etc., 3). The internalization of the Mental Revolution is an in-depth process of the values of the Mental Revolution that runs in NU Plus Middle School Ma'arif Pangandaran. The process of internalization is very important in the Mental Revolution. Because the Mental Revolution is part of the education of values.

AbstrakFokus penelitian ini yaitu, "Bagaimana internalisasi revolusi mental siswa SMK Nurul Islam Manyar Gresik?". Jenis penelitian termasuk penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yaitu kegiatan penelitian yang dilakukan pada objek tertentu secara jelas dan sistematis. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan Internalisasi Revolusi Mental Siswa di SMK Nurul Islam Manyar Gresik. Hasil penelitian : 1). Internalisasi diartikan sebagai penghayatan, pendalaman, pengasingan, penggabungan atau penyatuan sikap, standart tingkah laku, pendapat dan seterusnya di dalam kepribadian. 2). Revolusi mental adalah transformasi etos, yaitu perubahan mendasar dalam mentalitas, cara berfikir, cara merasa dan cara mempercayai, yang semuanya menjelma dalam perilaku dan tindakan sehari-hari. Etos ini menyangkut semua aspek kehidupan, mulai dari ekonomi, politik, sains tekhnologi, seni, agama, dan sebagainya, 3). Internalisasi revolusi mental adalah suatu proses secara mendalam tentang nilai-nilai Revolusi Mental yang berjalan di SMK Nurul Islam. Proses internalisasi sangatlah penting dalam Revolusi Mental. Oleh karena Revolusi Mental merupakan bagian nilai-nilai pendidikan.