Suchergebnisse

Статья посвящена анализу методов оценки профессионального риска. В соответствии с планируемыми изменениями в законодательстве Российской Федерации проведение процедуры оценки профессионального риска становится обязательной для всех предприятий. Проведенный анализ позволяет ознакомиться с существующими методами оценки профессионального риска и выбрать подходящий метод для проведения данной процедуры оценки профессионального риска на любом предприятии. Данная тема является актуальной в настоящее время. The article is devoted to the analysis of professional occupational risk assessment methods. In accordance with the planned changes in the legislation of the Russian Federation, the conduct of a professional occupational risk assessment procedure becomes mandatory for all enterprises. The analysis allows you to familiarize yourself with the existing methods of risk assessment professional risk and choose the appropriate one method for the procedure for assessing professional risk in any enterprise. This topic is currently relevant.

The authors discovered and investigated new types of stable heterometallic carboxylate complexes in which divalent transition metal atoms of the 4th period of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements (V, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) combine with atoms of lithium, magnesium, calcium or rare earth elements. These polynuclear heterometallic compounds retain their structure under conditions when the homometallic compounds of these transition metals decompose to mononuclear complexes. The different metals combination in one molecule allows us to use the obtained heterometallic compounds for producing disperse and film oxide materials, and bimetallic oxide catalysts. The stability of the complexes allows to immobilize them in various matrices and to assemble 3D polymer structures on their base. Since the metal ions under consideration (V, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) are capable to form isostructural heterometallic compounds, it becomes possible to obtain compounds within a single structural type with a given combination of physical properties, determined by the nature of the metal ions.

The article deals with the transformation processes of competitive analysis methods under the influence of digital economy, the development of electronic markets and communications. It is shown that the development of market strategies requires a new methodology and structure of analytical tools to obtain valuable results about competitors and consumers in different markets. The proposed approach to competitive analysis is based on the methodology of integrated use of all business intelligence blocks: big data Analytics, content analysis, web Analytics, mobile Analytics. New Internet services and platforms that allow for effective competitive analysis are evaluated. On the basis of surveys about readiness of Russian management to use digital technologies in market research, recommendations on the directions of development of educational programs in Russian universities are formulated. The article is based on the results of the authors ' presentations and discussions at the scientific seminar on digital economy held in 2018-2019 at the faculty of Economics of Lomonosov Moscow state University.

In the article are considered and analyzed used in some commercial written and oral advertising of goods and services techniques suggestion, based on the theory of psychoanalysis, introduced into scientific use by Sigmund Freud.

The article deals with the problem of linguistic taboos and euphemisms in the material of the Yakut language and Sakha culture. In the traditional culture of the Yakut people, the phenomenon of taboo led to the creation of substitute words in the language system, which are secondary nominations. Studying the mechanisms of their emergence, it is possible to study the interaction of human thinking, its language and the surrounding reality. The aim of our study was the means of euphemisms formation: an extensive dictionary of euphemisms, compiled by the author on the basis of several sources, is subjected to study. The various techniques of euphemistic substitution are identified primarily in terms of semantics. The euphemism and the tabooed word are linked in most cases by a metaphor based on figurative associations. At the same time, there is a transposition, which is based not only on semantic, but also on the functional juxtaposition of the linguistic units. Euphemisms are nominations based on metonymy, synecdoche, synonymy, antonymy, foreign words, dialectal and obsolete words are used as substitutes. The principles of synonymic and hyper-hyponymic substitution are also relevant. The latter are based on the logical periphrasis, an indirect descriptive designation of the object and phenomenon of reality. In most cases, the semantic components of euphemisms are related to the background knowledge of native speakers about a given reality. The cultural and historical background surrounding each word is an integral component of the meaning of the nomination. The presence of a special term kharys tyl in the Yakut language, naming protective words, i.e. euphemisms, demonstrates a special attitude to the word performing magical functions in the human collective.

Optimization of the method for the synthesis of methylated poly-5-vinyltetrazole was carried out and it was shown that the process of its preparation, both with the homopolymer acrylonitrile and the commercially available copolymer with methyl acrylate and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, as starting materials, can be carried out in a single-step apparatus without intermediate release of poly-5-vinyltetrazole. At the same time, the resulting product is identical in composition, structure, and properties to that obtained using a two-stage process. Ability to refuse intermediate release of poly-5-vinyltetrazole allows to reduce the amount of dimethylformamide required for the preparation of methylated poly-5-vinyltetrazole twice, exclude the use of HCl solution from the process, and significantly reduce the time and energy costs of the process.

This article reviews the problems of critical mind's formation of students, studying "the philosophy's fundamentals" discipline. Integrated description of professional competencies given for young experts. Practical application of technology's basic model of critical mind's developing on philosophy's lessons, which can be used in the teacher's work, is given special emphasis. Author concludes what critical orientation in the work should become the basis for philosophy's teaching methods of young generation.

High computer-intensity and complexity of the mechanisms for recalculating the coefficients of pricing factors affect the process of calculating the cadastral value. To solve these problems, the study substantiates the use of polygonal metric grid method to determine the values of pricing factors of the cadastral value of land plots using St. Petersburg as an example. In local modeling, the algorithm implementing the polygonal metric grid method showed a decrease in the number of operations by 49,999% compared to the approach applied for 2018 state cadastral valuation in St. Petersburg. Calculations showed that the storage of a polygonal metric grid requires 16 GB less than that of all auxiliary information (attributes and spatial reflection of the zone of influence of each factor) required for modeling. Thus, the technological effect of the introduction of a polygonal metric grid method into the process of cadastral valuation of real estate makes it possible to make efficient use of computing power, as well as to reduce the time for recalculating the values of pricing factors if some new objects of valuation emerge.

вследствие макроэкономической нестабильности ; постоянно меняющихся тенденций на рынке и политической неопределенности значение грамотного и комплексного финансового прогнозирования в корпорации сложно переоценить. В статье отмечена возможность успешного функционирования современной корпорации при использовании наиболее востребованных и актуальных методов финансового планирования и прогнозирования. ; in accordance with macroeconomic instability ; constantly changing market tendencies and political uncertainty sufficient and complex financial forecasting in a corporation is very important. The issue also marks the possibility of successful operating of a modern corporation using the most efficient and actual methods of financial planning and forecasting.

This article discusses the pros and cons of distance learning, computer technology used in distance learning.

Introduction. The article compares the methods of researching political discourse with special attention to linguistic methods, in particular, to discourse analysis and cognitive and rhetorical approaches. These methods are widely used to study political speeches, statements, texts. Increasingly, political discourse is seen as a social phenomenon, not only at the discursive but also on the cognitive and rhetorical levels. The object of this study is methods of analysis of political discourse allowing to study the position of a politician in the discursive sphere and to identify the character of his audience. The subject of the analysis are examples from Joe Biden's political speeches, seen as an instrument of influence, persuasion in the process of speaking to the electorate. The relevance of the work is determined by the need to develop arguments to choose a particular approach to political discourse, especially cognitive and rhetorical, as well as discourse analysis, which allow to reveal veiled meanings of political statements and consider the methods of persuasion of the electorate.Methodology and data sources. The subject of the analysis are examples of Joe Biden's political speeches, seen as an instrument of influence, persuasion in the process of speaking to the electorate. To compare approaches the study of political discourse, descriptive and comparative methods are used, the effectiveness of different approaches and methods is illustrated by specific examples of linguistic interpretation of discursive features of publications and speeches, revealing the ambitions of the politician most fully. A method of quantitative counting is also used.Results and discussion. The use of descriptive and comparative methods makes it possible to compare different approaches to the study of political texts and speeches, to discuss the relationship of heterogeneous methods, to identify the most effective methods of studying discourse. The result of the article was the conclusions about the effectiveness of different approaches to the study of the language of politicians at discursive, cognitive and rhetorical levels. Comparison of methods of research of political discourse distinguishes discourse-analysis among other methods of analysis. The use of discourse analysis to study political discourse reveals the functions of discourse, for example, manipulative, selective and combined functions related to political goals. The use of critical discourse analysis allows you to identify these functions most fully.Conclusion. The study of political discourse can be carried out at different levels, but the discursive level compared to cognitive and rhetorical levels is the most effective from a linguistic point of view. Discourse analysis allows to explore political discourse at more qualitative different level than rhetorical and other linguistic methods of research. Discourse analysis is presented as a method of researching hidden meanings in politics in this article. ; Введение. В статье проводится сопоставление методов исследования политического дискурса с особым вниманием к лингвистическим методам, в частности, к дискурс-анализу и когнитивному и риторическому подходам. Эти методы широко используются для исследования политических речей, выступлений, текстов. Все чаще политический дискурс рассматривают как социальное явление, и не только на дискурсивном, но и на когнитивном и риторическом уровнях. Объектом данного исследования являются методы анализа политического дискурса, позволяющие изучить позицию политика в дискурсивной сфере и выявить характер его аудитории. Актуальность работы определяется необходимостью выработки аргументов к выбору того или иного подхода к политическому дискурсу, особенно когнитивного и риторического, а также дискурс-анализа, которые позволяют выявить завуалированные смыслы политических высказываний и рассмотреть приемы убеждения электората.Методология и источники. Предметом анализа выступают примеры из политических выступлений Д. Байдена, рассматриваемые как инструмент влияния, убеждения в процессе высказывания перед электоратом. Для сравнения подходов к изучению политического дискурса используются описательный и сопоставительный методы, эффективность применения различных подходов и методик иллюстрируется на конкретных примерах лингвистической интерпретации дискурсивных особенностей публикаций и выступлений, раскрывающей амбиции политика наиболее полно. Применяется также метод количественного подсчета.Результаты и обсуждение. Использование описательного и сопоставительного методов дает возможность сравнить различные подходы к исследованию политических текстов и выступлений, обсудить взаимосвязь разнородных методик, выявить наиболее эффективные методы изучения дискурса. Результатом статьи стали выводы об эффективности различных подходов к исследованию языка политиков на дискурсивном, когнитивном и риторическом уровнях. Сравнение методик исследования политического дискурса выделяет дискурс-анализ среди остальных методов анализа. Применение дискурс-анализа для исследования политического дискурса позволяет выявить функции дискурса, а именно: манипулятивную, селективную и комбинирующую функции, связанные с достижением политических целей. Применение критического дискурс-анализа позволяет выявить эти функции наиболее полно.Заключение. Исследование политического дискурса может осуществляться на разных уровнях, однако дискурсивный уровень в сравнении с когнитивным и риторическим является самым эффективным с лингвистической точки зрения. Дискурс-анализ позволяет исследовать политический дискурс на качественно ином уровне, чем риторический и другие лингвистические методы исследования. Дискурс-анализ представлен в данной статье как метод исследования скрытых смыслов в политике.

В статье представлены результаты изучения проблемы ранней технической профориентации детей старшего дошкольного возраста посредством профессиоведения. Авторы на основе анализа нормативных документов, теоретических работ и практического опыта раскрывают актуальность ранней профориентации и необходимость ознакомления детей дошкольного возраста с технической сферой жизни человека. Интерес к данной сфере обусловлен реализацией важной задачи государства по подготовке высококвалифицированных инженерно-технических кадров для промышленной сферы, интеллектуально развитых, способных к результативной технической деятельности. Результаты беседы с детьми старшего дошкольного возраста о технических профессиях показали, что большинство дошкольников имеют низкий уровень представлений о технических профессиях: дети затрудняются в назывании технических профессий, не могут описать трудовые действия, перечислить инструменты, оборудование и технику, индифферентны к техническим профессиям. Авторы обосновывают необходимость использования в процессе ранней технической профориентации профессиоведческого подхода, позволяющего определить необходимые для освоения детьми старшего дошкольного возраста знания о конкретных технических профессиях, а также подчеркивают важность сочетания методов информирования (рассказ, беседа, просмотр иллюстративных материалов, проектная деятельность и т. п.) и профессионального моделирования (сюжетно-ролевая игра).
The article presents the results of studying the problem of early technical career guidance among senior preschoolers through vocational studies. The authors, basing on the analysis of normative documents, theoretical works and practical experience, reveal the relevance of early career guidance and the need to familiarize preschool children with the technical sphere of human life. The interest in this area is due to the implementation of an important task of the state to train highly qualified engineering and technical personnel that are to be intellectually developed, capable of effective technical activities, for the industrial sector. The results of the conversation with senior preschool children about technical professions showed that most preschoolers hardly have any idea about technical professions: children find it difficult to name any technical professions, they cannot name labor actions or list any tools, equipment and machinery, and they are rather indifferent to technical professions. The authors substantiate the need to use a profession-based approach in the process of early technical career guidance. This approach allows us to determine the content of knowledge about specific technical professions necessary for the development of senior preschool children. They note the need for a combination of information methods (story, conversation, viewing illustrative materials, project activities, etc.) and professional modeling (story-role-playing) in the process of early technical career guidance for senior preschool children.

The article proves the relevance of the application of methods of decision-making on the basis of economic-mathematical modeling. It is shown, that application of economic and mathematical methods allows to considerably enhance the quality of strategic, tactical and current planning, to receive the additional effect without the involvement in the process of additional resources

The article, addressed to a wide range of readers interested in the problems of modern corporate management, but above all — University teachers, graduate students and students, identifies and comments on existing approaches to the definition of corporate leadership. The result of the study is the author's classification of the world's leading companies in the automotive, pharmaceutical and oil and gas industries.

The subject of this article is forensic accounting (forensic hereinafter) - new type of services of Russian consulting and audit practice. Forensic is under consideration as a way of independent investigations conducting and illegal actions risk management. Forensic involves investigation of fraud schemes and fraud detection of illegal withdrawal of assets or misappro-priation. It can resolves confl icts of interest issues as well as detects violations of anticorruption legislation. Furthermore forensic focuses on evidence gathering, assessment of damage, and assistance in planning and implementing further steps to recover damages and strengthen internal control systems. The purpose of the article is to reveal the main analytical methods of forensic examination. The article discloses a brief review and description of the main financial investigations methods of fraud (forensic accounting examination) in companies. The issues under consideration are relevant for Russian consulting and audit practice, where forensic is on initial stage.