Suchergebnisse

El presente ensayo filosófico no solamente busca contribuir en el conocimiento, enriquecimiento o realimentación del pensamiento del filósofo vasco, sino especialmente colaborar en definir ese aspecto metafísico, que, en todo filósofo, coexiste con su entramado racional del filósofo Miguel de Unamuno. La fe trascendental no es sino esa apología a la esperanza que en algún momento de su vida, sino hasta el final de sus días, aconteció en el existencialismo evidente del también poeta español. Una invitación a descubrir al "filósofo hecho ser humano", sin más.

The purpose of this project is to emphasize that an adequate comprehension of Miguel de Unamuno's political thinking and action requires a meticulous understanding of the author's metaphysics. The evolution of his philosophical life, intimately related to his existential growth, marked not only his ideology, but also his approach to understanding and making history and society. It that way, four intersection axis between politics and metaphysics have been discovered. Even though he himself regarded his writings as being his chief political commitment, the pundit's participation in the national life at the time, was crucial. Spiritual maturation led him to abandon the utopian methods of socialism, and to defend positions where the spiritual dimensions of mankind prevailed. Thanks to this, Mr. Unamuno undoubtedly identified the danger of both fascist and communist methods, actively defying displays of both in Spain. For him, the essence and purpose of the country, beyond all ideologies, lay in the cardinal duty of living and defending the mad philosophy of the Tragic sense of life. ; Este estudio trata de poner de manifiesto que una adecuada comprensión del pensamiento y actuación políticos de Miguel de Unamuno requiere de un conocimiento profundo de la metafísica del autor. La evolución de su vida filosófica, íntimamente relacionada con su devenir existencial, marcó no solo su ideología sino también su forma de entender y hacer la historia y la sociedad. En este sentido se han detectado cuatro ejes de intersección entre política y metafísica. Aunque él mismo consideró que su principal compromiso político radicaba en sus escritos, su participación en la vida nacional fue decisiva. La maduración espiritual le llevó a abandonar los planteamientos utópicos del socialismo y a defender posiciones donde primase la dimensión espiritual del hombre. Gracias a ellas, don Miguel identificó con claridad el peligro tanto de los planteamientos fascistas como comunistas; plantando cara activamente a las manifestaciones de ambos en España. Pues, para él, la misión del país radicaba en la fundamental tarea de vivir y defender la loca filosofía del Sentimiento trágico de la vida.

El artículo trata sobre las Cartas inéditas enviadas por la escritora chilena Flora Abasolo al filósofo vasco Miguel de Unamuno. Se da cuenta, primero, de la producción literaria de la escritora dado el evidente desconocimiento que de ella existe dentro del ámbito intelectual nacional. Luego se hace referencia a las Cartas en tanto forman parte de la iniciativa comunicacional y editorial emprendida por Flora en pro del reconocimiento del nombre de su padre, el filósofo Jenaro Abasolo, y de su obra póstuma, La personalidad política y la América del porvenir (1907). Conforme a esto, se explicita el contexto de las Cartas, sus fechas, número y finalidad, y se lleva a cabo una hermenéutica crítica de parte de su contenido con el objetivo de incorporar nuevos antecedentes biográficos y literarios de la escritora y de su progenitor. Se indaga, a su vez, en las razones que pudo tener Unamuno para dejar incumplido el compromiso de reseñar la obra de Abasolo, atendiendo a las circunstancias, a las estrategias seguidas por Flora y a su talante, diferente al de su padre en la búsqueda de reconocimiento. Este trabajo es parte de una investigación mayor que venimos desarrollando desde el año 2008 sobre Abasolo. Sumamos las Cartas a esta labor como un nuevo documento que sobrepasa las expectativas respecto del valor que tienen para la reconstrucción de la vida y obra del filósofo santiaguino, y para la evaluación que de la misma escritora chilena se pueda hacer. Destacamos por tanto la conveniencia de incorporar a las investigaciones de la filosofía en Chile esta clase de documentos que evitan, más allá de su inicial apariencia intrascendente, recorrer caminos que hay que desandar cuando el peso de la evidencia documental vuelve erróneo parte de lo que la especulación sin antecedentes había establecido. ; The article addresses the unpublished letters sent by the Chilean writer Flora Abasolo to the Basque philosopher Miguel de Unamuno. First, it accounts for the literary production of the writer, given the evident ignorance that exists of her within the national intellectual scope. Then, it makes reference to the letters as they are part of the communication and editorial initiative undertaken by Flora in favor of the recognition of her father's name, the philosopher Jenaro Abasolo, and of his posthumous work, The Political Personality and the America of the Future (1907). Accordingly, the context of the letters is made explicit: their dates, number and purpose; and a critical hermeneutics of part of their content is carried out with the aim of incorporating new biographical and literary backgrounds of the writer and her progenitor. It inquires, in turn, the reasons that Unamuno could have had to leave unfulfilled the commitment to review Abasolo's work, heeding the circumstances, the strategies followed by Flora and her frame of mind, different from her father's in the search for recognition. This work is part of a larger research that we have been developing since 2008 on Abasolo. We add the letters to this task as a new document that surpasses the expectations regarding the value that they have for the reconstruction of the life and work of the philosopher from Santiago, and for the evaluation that can be done of the Chilean writer herself. We emphasize, therefore, the convenience of incorporating to the investigations of the philosophy in Chile this class of documents that avoid, beyond its initial inconsequential appearance, to travel paths that must be retraced when the weight of the documentary evidence turns erroneous a part of what speculation had established without background.

[ES] This study aims to show that a proper understanding of Miguel de Unamuno's political thinking and performance requires a thorough knowledge of the author's metaphysics. The evolution of his philosophical life, closely linked to his existential development, marked not only his ideology but also his way of understanding and doing history and society. In this respect, four axes of intersection between politics and metaphysics have been identified. Although he himself considered that his main political commitment lies in his written pleadings, his participation in national life was decisive. Spiritual maturation led him to abandon the utopian approaches of socialism and to defend positions where the spiritual dimension of humans takes precedence. Thanks to them, Mr Miguel clearly identified the danger of both fascist and communist approaches; actively addressing the demonstrations of both in Spain. For him, the mission of the country was based on the fundamental task of living and defending the philosophy of the tragic sentiment of life. ; Peer reviewed ; [ES] This study aims to show that a proper understanding of Miguel de Unamuno's political thinking and performance requires a thorough knowledge of the author's metaphysics. The evolution of his philosophical life, closely linked to his existential development, marked not only his ideology but also his way of understanding and doing history and society. In this respect, four axes of intersection between politics and metaphysics have been identified. Although he himself considered that his main political commitment lies in his written pleadings, his participation in national life was decisive. Spiritual maturation led him to abandon the utopian approaches of socialism and to defend positions where the spiritual dimension of humans takes precedence. Thanks to them, Mr Miguel clearly identified the danger of both fascist and communist approaches; actively addressing the demonstrations of both in Spain. For him, the mission of the country was based on the ...

Este artículo considera la respuesta de Miguel de Unamuno frente a la Gran Guerra de 1914-1918, además de la influencia que tuvo la Guerra en la obra y el papel público del intelectual vasco. Se centra en los siguientes temas: las raíces y la naturaleza de la aliadofilia unamuniana; el significado de la Gran Guerra en la evolución intelectual y política de Unamuno; su lectura de la situación política española durante estos años; y, finalmente, su visión de los duraderos efectos y consecuencias de la Guerra, tanto en España como en Europa en general. ; This article analyses Miguel de Unamuno's response to the Great War of 1914-1918 and the influence that the War had on Unamuno's work and role as an intellectual. It deals with the following themes: the origins and nature of Unamuno's support for the Allies during the War; the role that the War played in Unamuno's evolution as an intellectual and political figure; Unamuno's reading of the political situation in Spain over these years; and his understanding of the lasting effects and consequences of the War in Spain and in Europe as a whole.