The present paper wishes to be an inventory of the historical-demographical writings within Romanian landscape. We were able to identify preoccupation for demographic phenomena even since late 19th century, that have grown once with the creation of a discipline of historical demography in the post-war period, especially after the changes that Romania was put througt after Revolution in 1989.
This article deals with the emergence of a new type of crime prevention in interwar Romania. Inspired by the Italian school of criminal law and by the Italian Criminal Code "Rocco" (1930), the Romanian Criminal Code "King Carol II" (1936) formulates a new type of criminal sanctions, explicitly designed to address and combat the social dangerousness. Regarded as a major challenge to the classic criminal system based on free will and guilt, the "security measures" were formalizing new types of offenders defined as such not by their criminal acts but by their criminal potential, redefining the scope and the goal of the criminal prevention. Major debates in the epoch reveal the possible threats this new type of criminal sanctions and of a criminal policy orientated towards risk prevention, seen as closely connected with authoritarian tendencies, carried for individual freedom and the rule of law. The legal issues discussed in the epoch prove significant for the current debates regarding the negative consequences the preventive War on Terror have for individual freedom and the rule of law.
In the article, the cooperation between the Republic of Moldova and the European Union in the field of green entrepreneurship is considered as mutually beneficial in the light of strengthening the competitiveness of both economies. The author reveals such main domains of the cooperation as ecoagrofood, bio- and renewable energy. There are also highlighted the key programmes and projects as outcomes of governmental, communitarian, international and corporate efforts related to cooperation. A special attention is paid to the identification of some problems regarding the development of green entrepreneurship in the Republic of Moldova. For solving them as well as making the cooperation in the field more systematic and synergetically positive, the author suggests the elaboration of a joint RM-EU Strategy for the Development of Green economy and entrepreneurship.
The article questions, in a sceptical and prospective way, the institutional outcomes of this major trans-national trend of administrative reformism known as "New Public Management". In our view, the main cross-border legacy of the process of acclimatizing NPM precepts and recipes to various national configurations consists essentially in institutional rearrangements and in a repertoire of managerial tools and recipes, embedded into different institutional orders and hybridized with many other key features of various administrative cultures. Backing up major administrative reforms started several decades ago, the NPM rhetoric claimed to furnish the universal cure for the "bureaucratic" disease which was supposedly affecting the developed states at the end of the 1970s. From then on and although it never acquired the inner coherence of a real doctrine, it spread all over the world at the point of becoming both a "policy paradigm" and a "praxeologic". However, once implemented and in order to endure, the NPM-inspired logics, instruments and methods have fatally begun to suffer a process of routinisation which transformed them significantly. Hence, far from achieving their initial goal of "de-bureaucratizing" the state, NPM reformism became part of the endless processes of bureaucratic reproduction inescapably affecting modern states and ensuring their resilience.
Cahul district of the Republic of Moldova has a natural, economic and tourist potential still poorly exploited in the Euroregional context. For a better capitalization of the existing potential and opportunities, the enhancement of the cultural and archaeological heritage from all historical epochs is welcome. The beneficial effects will be felt firstly, at the level of infrastructure, by building tourist sites and, secondly, by improving the tourist experience and performance. The premises of a viable neighborhood, such as the Lower Danube, are also given by the way in which the identity and cultural resources of the communities that are part of the Euroregion are distributed and capitalized. Recourse to events and processes during historical development is necessary and useful, especially since there is sufficient evidence of good coexistence at the Mouth of the Danube and its inclusion in the natural course of the history of western civilization.
The name is one of the essential basic elements of the identity of a local collectivity. The local collectivity is self-identified and individualized through its name, in relation to the other collectivities of the same type. The name of local collectivities have functioned and developed during the centuries. Their meaning, content and evolution provide the valuable information concerning the evolution of local collectivities over time. The return to the traditional names of local territorial collectivities was the first stage of the attempts to the territorial-administrative reform in Moldova. Although, many localities have reestablished their historical names, the process is not ended. Still today, one can find in toponymic landscape of Moldova, the names of localities which are improper to the national spirit and historical traditions. The procedure regarding the assignment or change of the designation and the return to the historical names of local collectivities is in the process of examination.
International audience ; The article questions, in a skeptical and prospective way, the institutional outcomes of this major trans-national trend of administrative reformism known as "New Public Management". In our view, the main cross-border legacy of the process of acclimatizing NPM precepts and recipes to various national configurations consists essentially in institutional rearrangements and in a repertoire of managerial tools and recipes, embedded into different institutional orders and hybridized with many other key features of various administrative cultures. Backing up major administrative reforms started several decades ago, the NPM rhetoric claimed to furnish the universal cure for the "bureaucratic" disease which was supposedly affecting the developed states at the end of the 1970s. From then on and although it never acquired the inner coherence of a real doctrine, it spread all over the world at the point of becoming both a "policy paradigm" and a "praxeologic". However, once implemented and in order to endure, the NPM-inspired logics, instruments, and methods have fatally begun to suffer a process of routinization which transformed them significantly. Hence, far from achieving their initial goal of "de-bureaucratizing" the state, NPM reformism became part of the endless processes of bureaucratic reproduction inescapably affecting modern states and ensuring their resilience.
In the article, the cooperation between the Republic of Moldova and the European Union in the field of green entrepreneurship is considered as mutually beneficial in the light of strengthening the competitiveness of both economies. The author reveals such main domains of the cooperation as ecoagrofood, bio- and renewable energy. There are also highlighted the key programmes and projects as outcomes of governmental, communitarian, international and corporate efforts related to cooperation. A special attention is paid to the identification of some problems regarding the development of green entrepreneurship in the Republic of Moldova. For solving them as well as making the cooperation in the field more systematic and synergetically positive, the author suggests the elaboration of a joint RM-EU Strategy for the Development of Green economy and entrepreneurship.
This article attempts to analyze how the bureaucratic principles of organizing public administration evolved from Max Weber to public administration at the beginning of the 21st century. It is mentioned that M. Weber's formulation regarding the ideal type of bureaucracy is a classic approach of public administration. Public administration practice confirms that bureaucracy is not as predictable and clear as described in M. Weber's theory of bureaucracy. Unlike the ideal model of bureaucracy developed by M. Weber, the current system of public administration is an open system and incorporates much more complex features. This fact is conditioned by a series of factors that influence the activity of the public administration including: the level of development of democracy, economic and social development, information technologies, leadership style, administrative culture, professionalization of civil servants, etc.
Măsurarea accesibilității spațiale a devenit o parte integrantă a studiilor de fundamentare a strategiilor de investiții, în special în domenii precum extinderea serviciilor publice, implantarea de noi infrastructuri majore de transport, dezenclavarea zonelor marginalizate. Deși această necesitate se manifestă la toate scările de analiză, este surprinzător faptul că, în peisajul lucrărilor științifice din România, evaluările sintetice și critice ale conceptelor și metodelor utilizate (sau utilizabile în perspectivă) sunt relativ neactualizate și insuficient racordate la ultimele practici internaționale. Lucrarea de față propune, pe de o parte, o sinteză critică a metodelor utilizate în literatura internațională, de la cele mai vechi până la cele dezvoltate în ultimii 5 ani, iar pe de altă parte o analiză comparativă a acestora. Au fost identificate șapte categorii de metode (pentru spații izotrope, bazate pe performanța infrastructurii/serviciilor de transport, cumulative, utilitare, comportamentale, gravitaționale, compozite pe bază de arii variabile de captare), avantajele/ dezavantajele fiecărei categorii de metode și contextul în care se recomandă utilizarea lor. Lucrarea de față identifică, de asemenea, principalele provocări în construirea de indicatori care să evalueze accesibilitatea spațială a populației la serviciile de interes general: pertinența științifică, aplicabilitatea/ posibilitatea operaționalizării acestora în folosul societății și comunicabilitatea/ușurința de interpretare a rezultatelor de către factorii decizionali.
The article argues that mediation, in its essence, is a mechanism for social development, and solving problems in the public administration system through mediation contributes to organizational change and personal development of civil servants. The problem under investigation is to identify the factors that determine the final states of the social costs and benefits of the parties involved in the conflict and the methods of effective conflict management. According to the specified research problem, the conceptions about conflict are reviewed, which serve as a support for the steps taken in the analysis of the phenomenon of conflict in the public administration. The paper describes the elements of the conflict phenomenon and conflict management styles and states that the constructive approach to conflict resolution, based on active action strategy and the application of the win/win principle, is a mechanism that offers the possibility to change the current conflict situation and improve the decision-making process.
The trans-ethnic voting ant the current cooperation between the Saxon and the Romanian communities in Sibiu/Hermannstadt could easily make believe in a perennial peaceful cohabitation. But the ethnic relations at the beginning of the XXth century are rather dissimilar, since they are marked by the strong affirmation of the Romanian community - especially by its political and cultural values - in the cadre of a multi-ethnic state - as Austria-Hungary - and of a Saxon dominated city - as Sibiu/Hermannstadt. The conflict between elites is pointed out by the prejudices enounced and by the symbolic weight of the disputes. More deeply, there is a conflict between two diverging political projects: the preservation of autonomy and of collective rights by the Saxon community, and the political, economic and cultural integration of the city into the recently made Romanian National state, in the aftermath of the Paris Peace Treaties. The two political projects originate -in fact- into distinctive models of citizenship: an exclusive citizenship, promoted by the Saxon community as a heritage from the Middle Ages; an integrative citizenship, preferred by the Romanian state in order to obtain a full allegiance from the new citizens. Since Romania has unexpectedly become a multi-ethnic state and minorities were more educated, urbanized and politically active, supporting the Romanian element became vital. The unsuccessful political strategies of Romanian elites, before 1920 -and of Saxon elites afterwards- lead to external sources of power: the Romanian National state and Nazi Germany. Whether Romanian authority proves to be quite successful, the German influence has disastrous consequences for the Saxon community. The persecutions and vexations following the German defeat in 1945 mark out the beginning of the great migration for the German community in Transylvania, following eight hundred years of coexistence.
The article considers the foundation and argumentation of Europenistics as a science or a scientific domain about processes, problems, perspectives of Europe, as a philosophy or a concept of contemporary European development in strong connection with concepts of Europeanism, Europeanity, Europeanization, European. It is made a correlation and a differentiation between Europenistics and European Studies. Also in article is studied in a concise way the complex and multidimensional content of Europenistics, highlighting the most important compartments such as: theoretical and practical aspects of Europenistics and European Studies; Europenistics in connection with the European integration issue; conceptual and philosophical aspects Europenistics in the context of European unification. A very important part of the article is dedicated to analysis of the conceptualization, definition, content and specific of European Studies as one of most important compartments of Europenistics. The article ends with some general conclusions regarding the necessity to continue the foundation and argumentation of Europenistics as a special, conceptual science about Europe, as a philosophy or a concept about contemporary European development.
Republic of Moldova has clearly established the strategic direction of development - the European integration. In this context, it requires a deep reform in all spheres of social life according to the EU standards, including the territorial-administrative delimitation. The system of territorial-administrative organisation of the Republic of Moldova still supports the consequences of the Soviet totalitarian system which is manifested by the excessive fragmentation of the territory. It is analyzed the impact of the excessive fragmentation in small administrative entities as a dimension and capacity for democracy development at the local level. In conditions of the insufficient resources, specific to this system, the local authorities cannot provide citizens with the qualitative public services. It is justified the idea of administrative-territorial achievement whose purpose should be the territorial consolidation by respecting the norms and current practices of the European space, including the accession to the parameters set by Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS).
During the three decades of independence, in the Republic of Moldova has been undertaken several actions regarding the territorial reorganization of the local power and administrative mechanisms at subnational level. But these were insufficient, and in some cases badly achieved, being ostentatiously rejected by the political actors and officials from the state and local public authorities. In general, the reforms and restructuring of the public administration at the local level and, implicitly, of the territorial organization of the local public power, have been achieved according to the political tactics and changes, but not on the basis of coherent strategies and with clearly defined goals. Chronologically, the process of reforming the territorial organization of the local power has covered three distinct stages: First stage: perpetuation of the soviet-type centralized territorial administrative delimitation, which covers the period from the declaration of Independence till the end of the 1998. Second stage: trying to build the territorial system of exercising the local public power in the spirit of the decentralization and local autonomy principles, which lasted from the end of the 1998 till 2003. Third stage: returning to the centralized territorial organization of the local public power, which started in 2003 and lasts until now. There was a return at the soviet system of local public power organization; the number of local collectivities of the first level was increased by 30% compared to the previous period. In this article has been analyzed these three distinct stages of the reforming process of the local power territorial organization in the Republic of Moldova.
