Suchergebnisse

Both scholarly analyses and main political documents have not focused enough on research into social mobility in Lithuania. Such a case is partly understandable, as the issue of ensuring social mobility has never been a prevailing one on the political agenda. Nevertheless, this issue should be substantial to politicians and the academic community, because we belong to a group of countries that are committed to implementing the idea of equal possibilities for all citizens. It is worth mentioning that unlike the objectives to reduce inequality, poverty and exclusion, seeking social mobility is beneficial in terms of different political perspectives. Thus, research into social mobility has great potential for political effect and is important for all welfare states. This research is one of the first attempts in Lithuanian to review the complexity of the notion of social mobility and the issue it raises. After distinguishing the difference between intragenerational and intergenerational social mobility, the latter will be analyzed. In accordance with factors responsible for intergenerational social mobility, theoretical insights and research conducted in this area as well as the possible manifestations of intergenerational social mobility will be examined while identifying the most influential factors and how the interaction of those factors vary among different generations. In this case, manifestations of social mobility are interpreted as the process of moving up or down the occupational scale or remaining in a stable position. Initial statistical analysis for examining general tendencies of social mobility, linear regression analysis and linear regression analysis with interaction variables have been used in this research. The aforementioned methods have shown that economic and social factors responsible for intergenerational social mobility, which have been discussed in the theoretical part, are of little significance in Lithuanian society, although the influence of education (institutional factors) is evident among different generations.

Both scholarly analyses and main political documents have not focused enough on research into social mobility in Lithuania. Such a case is partly understandable, as the issue of ensuring social mobility has never been a prevailing one on the political agenda. Nevertheless, this issue should be substantial to politicians and the academic community, because we belong to a group of countries that are committed to implementing the idea of equal possibilities for all citizens. It is worth mentioning that unlike the objectives to reduce inequality, poverty and exclusion, seeking social mobility is beneficial in terms of different political perspectives. Thus, research into social mobility has great potential for political effect and is important for all welfare states. This research is one of the first attempts in Lithuanian to review the complexity of the notion of social mobility and the issue it raises. After distinguishing the difference between intragenerational and intergenerational social mobility, the latter will be analyzed. In accordance with factors responsible for intergenerational social mobility, theoretical insights and research conducted in this area as well as the possible manifestations of intergenerational social mobility will be examined while identifying the most influential factors and how the interaction of those factors vary among different generations. In this case, manifestations of social mobility are interpreted as the process of moving up or down the occupational scale or remaining in a stable position. Initial statistical analysis for examining general tendencies of social mobility, linear regression analysis and linear regression analysis with interaction variables have been used in this research. The aforementioned methods have shown that economic and social factors responsible for intergenerational social mobility, which have been discussed in the theoretical part, are of little significance in Lithuanian society, although the influence of education (institutional factors) is evident among different generations.

Today's migration is the biggest people movement in all-time. In late decades this phenomenon takes about two hundred million. It becomes more complicated economic, social, cultural, political and religious problem. Work mobility influences demographic and economic situation. In this work this influence will be estimated by using regression method. In the first part of this work the theoretical discourses of migration are analysed, in the second – the demographic and economic situations, influenced by labour force mobility between three countries (Ireland, Poland, Lithuania) are compared and in the third part – the correlations between migration and demographic and economic rates are found and the three scenarios (optimistic, realistic, pessimistic) are designed.

Today's migration is the biggest people movement in all-time. In late decades this phenomenon takes about two hundred million. It becomes more complicated economic, social, cultural, political and religious problem. Work mobility influences demographic and economic situation. In this work this influence will be estimated by using regression method. In the first part of this work the theoretical discourses of migration are analysed, in the second – the demographic and economic situations, influenced by labour force mobility between three countries (Ireland, Poland, Lithuania) are compared and in the third part – the correlations between migration and demographic and economic rates are found and the three scenarios (optimistic, realistic, pessimistic) are designed.

Today's migration is the biggest people movement in all-time. In late decades this phenomenon takes about two hundred million. It becomes more complicated economic, social, cultural, political and religious problem. Work mobility influences demographic and economic situation. In this work this influence will be estimated by using regression method. In the first part of this work the theoretical discourses of migration are analysed, in the second – the demographic and economic situations, influenced by labour force mobility between three countries (Ireland, Poland, Lithuania) are compared and in the third part – the correlations between migration and demographic and economic rates are found and the three scenarios (optimistic, realistic, pessimistic) are designed.

The master thesis gives the analysis of the ways, benefits and causes of internationalization of higher education and related problems. Global market of higher education surveys is given. Analysis of experience of studies' internationalization in different countries and European Higher Education Area are made. International academic mobility management programme is made with reference to analysis of theories and methodologies of marketing, strategic management and educational science. European Union policy for higher education establishes favourable conditions for internationalization of studies in Lithuanian universities. Quantitative and qualitative methods are used for evaluation of internationality of higher education in Lithuania in the context of European Union members, global competitiveness, and priorities of mobile students. The trends of student mobility are analysed, the relation between economic, social factors and attractiveness of higher education is identified and evaluated in the master thesis. According to identified tendencies, the aimed level of internationality of higher education in Lithuania is measured in the number of foreign students. Directions and opportunities for studies' internationalization and development in Lithuanian universities are identified. After the analysis of the theoretical and practical academic mobility development aspects, the conclusions of the master thesis are presented and suggestions for Lithuanian universities are offered. Structure: introduction, problem part, theoretical part, analytical part, project part, conclusions and suggestions, references.

The master thesis gives the analysis of the ways, benefits and causes of internationalization of higher education and related problems. Global market of higher education surveys is given. Analysis of experience of studies' internationalization in different countries and European Higher Education Area are made. International academic mobility management programme is made with reference to analysis of theories and methodologies of marketing, strategic management and educational science. European Union policy for higher education establishes favourable conditions for internationalization of studies in Lithuanian universities. Quantitative and qualitative methods are used for evaluation of internationality of higher education in Lithuania in the context of European Union members, global competitiveness, and priorities of mobile students. The trends of student mobility are analysed, the relation between economic, social factors and attractiveness of higher education is identified and evaluated in the master thesis. According to identified tendencies, the aimed level of internationality of higher education in Lithuania is measured in the number of foreign students. Directions and opportunities for studies' internationalization and development in Lithuanian universities are identified. After the analysis of the theoretical and practical academic mobility development aspects, the conclusions of the master thesis are presented and suggestions for Lithuanian universities are offered. Structure: introduction, problem part, theoretical part, analytical part, project part, conclusions and suggestions, references.

With rising demand for international education in Europe, today more higher education systems have become active in attracting international students. Hence, players in the global higher education market are highlighting their advantages in the higher education marketplace to become more competitive. As Lithuania has an ambitious desire to double the number of international students by 2025, this exploratory study analyses the important factors that will help to better target international students and put emphasis on the challenges to be refined in national education policies.

With rising demand for international education in Europe, today more higher education systems have become active in attracting international students. Hence, players in the global higher education market are highlighting their advantages in the higher education marketplace to become more competitive. As Lithuania has an ambitious desire to double the number of international students by 2025, this exploratory study analyses the important factors that will help to better target international students and put emphasis on the challenges to be refined in national education policies.

The interlace of various fields of enterprise management is the result of rapid globalisation processes. Therefore, the present businesses and economic environment need modern and complex instruments for managing enterprises' financial-economical activities. Under the conditions of economic processes' globalisation, the mobility of international capital between East and West becomes more active; moreover, these processes affect international goods and services, technology flow changes and their structure. Though here the leading role is given to the companies of the most powerful and economically best developed countries in the world and EU, the enterprises of smaller countries are also seeking the opportunity to conclude contracts in the international finance market and to become competitive in the international market. For this they need additional financial resources to cover their activities. As Lithuanian enterprises more actively participate in international transactions, the financing demand is growing, and in order to minimize possible microeconomic and macroeconomic loss, it is necessary to form the expedient strategy of financing; emphasising costs of alternative financial sources under the condition of risk and uncertainty. Analyses conducted in the paper sought to contribute both conceptually (by formation of a model of rational capital structure) and practically (by the implementation of such a model) to the financing of companies' activities and to the maximizing of economic value added. The aim of this paper is to compose and practically apply the model allowing formatting financing policy according to the effectiveness zone of rational capital structure levers determining the growth of EVA, while assessing the uncertainty of proportions and reliability of possible results and referring it to risk management conception, under the aspect of the international capital mobility.

The interlace of various fields of enterprise management is the result of rapid globalisation processes. Therefore, the present businesses and economic environment need modern and complex instruments for managing enterprises' financial-economical activities. Under the conditions of economic processes' globalisation, the mobility of international capital between East and West becomes more active; moreover, these processes affect international goods and services, technology flow changes and their structure. Though here the leading role is given to the companies of the most powerful and economically best developed countries in the world and EU, the enterprises of smaller countries are also seeking the opportunity to conclude contracts in the international finance market and to become competitive in the international market. For this they need additional financial resources to cover their activities. As Lithuanian enterprises more actively participate in international transactions, the financing demand is growing, and in order to minimize possible microeconomic and macroeconomic loss, it is necessary to form the expedient strategy of financing; emphasising costs of alternative financial sources under the condition of risk and uncertainty. Analyses conducted in the paper sought to contribute both conceptually (by formation of a model of rational capital structure) and practically (by the implementation of such a model) to the financing of companies' activities and to the maximizing of economic value added. The aim of this paper is to compose and practically apply the model allowing formatting financing policy according to the effectiveness zone of rational capital structure levers determining the growth of EVA, while assessing the uncertainty of proportions and reliability of possible results and referring it to risk management conception, under the aspect of the international capital mobility.

In the Master's thesis the concept of youth policy is explored in more detail in the context of several related areas: first, with respect to Europeanization and the processes that influence it; second, the relationships between the EU and the Republic of Turkey in the area of youth policy; and third, the effects of the educational mobility programmes on the youth policy of the Republic of Turkey. The first cluster of issues includes a discussion of the youth paradigm, formulation and shaping of youth policy, the EU guidelines regarding this area, open method of coordination, and youth volunteer policy. The second group of questions deals with the European identity, the scope of Europeanization, activities of the Council of Europe, and the Bologna process. The last theoretical chapter is devoted to the analysis of relationships between the EU and the Republic of Turkey in the area of youth policy, the development of education in Turkey, as well as the links in youth policy between the EU and the Republic of Turkey. Chapter 4 presents the findings based on the analysis of the empirical material and statistical information. The analytical part concentrates on the effects of educational mobility programmes in implementing youth policy measures in the Republic of Turkey.

In the Master's thesis the concept of youth policy is explored in more detail in the context of several related areas: first, with respect to Europeanization and the processes that influence it; second, the relationships between the EU and the Republic of Turkey in the area of youth policy; and third, the effects of the educational mobility programmes on the youth policy of the Republic of Turkey. The first cluster of issues includes a discussion of the youth paradigm, formulation and shaping of youth policy, the EU guidelines regarding this area, open method of coordination, and youth volunteer policy. The second group of questions deals with the European identity, the scope of Europeanization, activities of the Council of Europe, and the Bologna process. The last theoretical chapter is devoted to the analysis of relationships between the EU and the Republic of Turkey in the area of youth policy, the development of education in Turkey, as well as the links in youth policy between the EU and the Republic of Turkey. Chapter 4 presents the findings based on the analysis of the empirical material and statistical information. The analytical part concentrates on the effects of educational mobility programmes in implementing youth policy measures in the Republic of Turkey.

The paper investigates a twofold attitude towards linguistic diversity in the Lithuanian-speaking community, where, on the one hand, the dialects are valorised as a national and ethnographic asset and, on the other hand, certain restrictions on their use are imposed because of association with a lower social value and negative stereotypes. Three direct attitudinal studies serve as an empirical basis for the research: a quantitative survey, qualitative interviews and an experiment with high-school students on stereotypical traits of the dialect speaker. When discussing future prospects of dialect change, the overt values of the speakers are compared with the findings of the speaker evaluation experiment that have revealed subconscious values of dialectal speech. The research has shown that compared to the Soviet times, the ideological climate regarding dialects has become more politically correct. Positive attitudes are most prominent at a declarative level and when regional identity and the speaker's affiliation with a particular community have to be emphasised. Daily personal experiences, however, with the functionality of a dialect and evaluations of social and geographic mobility of dialect speakers, show a less favourable assessment of dialectal speech in comparison to the standard (non-dialectal) varieties. It is very much due to a frequent negative stereotyping of dialect speakers. The subconscious attitudes also reveal that the dialectal variability of speech has an arguably lower social meaning compared to the non-dialectal variability. The attitudes and practices of non-professional (lay) people may be claimed to reflect a double-faced standardization ideology of the Lithuanian language, which valorises dialects as an ecologic asset and at the same time limits their functioning by putting them in the reserve of "immobile" speakers.