Suchergebnisse

The ICRC continued activities in a variety of fields in Mozambique in 1990. The delegation extended the scope of its visits to prisons, helped set up a specialized course for local orthopaedists, and opened a sub-delegation in Xai-Xai and an office in Chimoio. In addition to the local work of the Maputo delegation and the ICRC's four sub-delegations, delegates assessed the situation in governmentcontrolled areas of Tete, Niassa, Cabo Delgado and Inhambane provinces, where the ICRC had no permanent presence. However, many of the ICRC's relief and medical activities in the field, and especially those in areas under the control of the opposition and in contested regions, were suspended or reduced for months at a time because of security constraints or owing to lack of authorization from RENAMO. Despite these constraints, the ICRC continued year-round to provide relief and medical assistance to conflict victims in the field.

Mozambique satisfies the three criteria that define 'turnaround': a durable cessation of violent conflict, sustained economic growth, and sustained improvements in human development indicators. Two factors explain, contributed to, and serve to sustain Mozambique's turnaround: (i) the implementation of relatively successful economic reforms, especially a structural adjustment programme, privatisation, financial sector reform, investment promotion, sound macroeconomic management, exchange, trade and price reforms, and public expenditure adjustment; and (ii) the introduction of political reforms, especially the approval of the 1990 constitution that enshrined liberal and multi-party democracy, the 1992 Rome peace agreement, the repatriation and resettlement of millions of refugees, multi-party democratic elections, democratisation, and public sector reforms. Each of these economic and political reforms has served to address the causes and consequences of civil war and the problems of promoting development and re-legitimising the Mozambican state. (IDS Bull/GIGA)