Suchergebnisse

Tese de Doutoramento em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores, na especialidade de Telecomunicações, apresentada ao Departamento de Engenharia Eletrotécnica e de Computadores da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra ; The electromagnetic properties of naturally occurring materials do not always provide enough flexibility to obtain a desired electromagnetic response. The development of metamaterials has surpassed this limitation and opened the door to independently control and access new and exotic electromagnetic properties and functionalities, not directly available in Nature, relying on subwavelength artificial "atoms". The idea of expanding the properties-spectrum of natural materials crafting artificial matter versions was put forward by V. G. Veselago in 1967, and since then the research field of "metamaterials" has dramatically evolved. New materials have emerged from this research field exhibiting extraordinary optical properties, such as negative refraction and optical magnetism. They are being exploited for a broad range of applications, spanning telecommunications, sensing and biomedicine, photovoltaics and solar cells, amongst others, over different frequency domains. Among the variety of media belonging to the class of metamaterials, a subclass has attracted significant attention due to its unique potentials in the manipulation of electromagnetic fields: "wire metamaterials". In their simplest version, such materials are formed by optically dense arrays of aligned metal rods embedded into a dielectric host matrix. Through a combination of analytical modeling and numerical simulation, the main objective of this thesis is to investigate novel wave phenomena in wire metamaterial based platforms, as well as their prospective applications. The thesis focuses on four different problems/effects: (i) the subwavelength imaging and near-field transport by a multi-wire endoscope; it is shown that a wire medium endoscope can be quite robust to the effect of bending and allow for the near field transport with a deeply subwavelength resolution provided the total length of the bent wires satisfies the Fabry-Pérot condition. (ii) It describes a novel counterintuitive phenomenon of an anomalous light tunneling by two interlaced wire meshes; this effect is due to the destructive interference of the scattering by the two interlaced 3D wire meshes, which leads to a Fano-type resonance. (iii) It unveils a transparency effect with a topological origin; a mixture of two topologically distinct material phases, for example a metamaterial formed by metallic wire grid embedded in a magnetized plasma, may be "transparent" to electromagnetic waves in a spectral range wherein the individual material phases are strongly reflecting. (iv) It reports a mechanism to have exotic optical manipulations and lateral (recoil) forces on small particles placed nearby a reciprocal translation invariant substrate. The problems analyzed here can have applications in medical imaging, angular filtering and sensing, and in optical sorting and particle delivery. ; As propriedades eletromagnéticas dos materiais existentes na natureza nem sempre oferecem a flexibilidade suficiente para se obter uma resposta electromagnética desejada. O desenvolvimento dos metamateriais superou essa limitação e abriu a porta a novas e por vezes exóticas propriedades electromagnéticas, não diretamente disponíveis na Natureza. A ideia de expandir o espectro das propriedades de materiais naturais criando versões artificiais foi proposta por V. G. Veselago em 1967, e desde então o campo de investigação dos "metamateriais" evoluiu drasticamente. Novos materiais emergiram deste campo de pesquisa exibindo propriedades ópticas extraordinárias, como refracção negativa e magnetismo óptico. Estes materiais têm sido explorados para uma vasta gama de aplicações, abrangendo, entre outras, telecomunicações, sensores e biomedicina, células solares e fotovoltaicas, em diferentes domínios de frequência. Entre a variedade de estruturas pertencentes à classe dos metamateriais, uma subclasse tem atraído atenção significativa devido ao seu potencial único na manipulação de campos electromagnéticos: os metamateriais de fios metálicos (wire metamaterials). Na sua versão mais simples, tais materiais são formados por um agregado opticamente denso de fios metálicos alinhados embedidos num material dieléctrico. Através de uma combinação de modelagem analítica e simulação numérica, o objetivo principal desta tese é investigar novos fenómenos ondulatórios em plataformas baseadas em wire metamaterials, bem como suas potenciais aplicações. A tese tem como foco quatro problemas/efeitos diferentes: (i) "imaging" sub-λ (λ representa o comprimento de onda) e o transporte de campo próximo por um endoscópio formado por um agregado de fios metálicos; é mostrado que um endoscópio formado por um "wire medium" pode ser bastante robusto a flexões e permite o transporte de campo próximo com uma resolução profundamente sub-comprimento de onda, desde que o comprimento total dos fios dobrados satisfaça a condição de Fabry-Pérot. (ii) Descreve um novo fenómeno contra-intuitivo de tunelamento anómalo da luz por duas redes de fios metálicos entrelaçadas; este efeito é devido à interferência destrutiva da difusão da luz pelas duas redes de fios 3D entrelaçadas, que conduz a uma ressonância do tipo Fano. (iii) Revela um efeito de transparência com uma origem topológica; uma mistura de duas fases topologicamente distintas, por exemplo, um metamaterial formado por um grelhas metálicas embedidas num plasma magnetizado, pode ser "transparente" à propagação de ondas electromagnéticas numa gama espectral onde as fases individuais do material são fortemente reflectoras. (iv) Relata um mecanismo para ter manipulações ópticas exóticas e forças laterais em pequenas partículas colocadas na proximidade de um substrato recíproco invariante para translações. Os problemas analisados na tese têm potenciais aplicações em imagiologia médica, em sensores, e na separação/entrega óptica de partículas. ; Erasmus Mundus programme of the European Union - Al-Idrisi II

Proceedings of: IPA 2015 / SPIE Biophotonics South America. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 22-26 May, 2015 ; Endoscopy is frequently used in the diagnosis of several gastro-intestinal pathologies as Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis or colorectal cancer. It has great potential as a non-invasive screening technique capable of detecting suspicious alterations in the intestinal mucosa, such as inflammatory processes. However, these early lesions usually cannot be detected with conventional endoscopes, due to lack of cellular detail and the absence of specific markers. Due to this lack of specificity, the development of new endoscopy technologies, which are able to show microscopic changes in the mucosa structure, are necessary. We here present a confocal endomicroscope, which in combination with a wide field fluorescence endoscope offers fast and specific macroscopic information through the use of activatable probes and a detailed analysis at cellular level of the possible altered tissue areas. This multi-modal and multi-scale imaging module, compatible with commercial endoscopes, combines near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) measurements (enabling specific imaging of markers of disease and prognosis) and confocal endomicroscopy making use of a fiber bundle, providing a cellular level resolution. The system will be used in animal models exhibiting gastro-intestinal diseases in order to analyze the use of potential diagnostic markers in colorectal cancer. In this work, we present in detail the set-up design and the software implementation in order to obtain simultaneous RGB/NIRF measurements and short confocal scanning times. ; The authors acknowledge support from EC FP7 IMI project PREDICT-TB, the EC FP7 CIG grant HIGH-THROUGHPUT TOMO, the Spanish MINECO project grant FIS2013-41802-R MESO-IMAGING, and TOPUS S2013/MIT-3024 project from the regional government of Madrid ; Publicado

1. Purpose of Protective Relays and Relaying. Causes of Faults. Definitions. Functions of Protective Relays. Application to a Power System -- 2. Relay Design and Construction. Characteristics. Choice of Measuring Units. Construction of Measuring Units. Construction of Timing Units. Details of Design. Cases. Panel Mounting. Operation Indicators. Finishes -- 3. The Main Characteristics of Protective Relays. Phase and Amplitude Comparators. Relay Characteristics. General Equation for Characteristics. Inversion Chart. Resonance. Appendix -- 4. Overcurrent Protection. Time-Current Characteristics. Application. Limits of Error. Ratings. Directional Overcurrent Protection. A.C. Tripping. Schemes for Radial Feeders. Construction. Application. Problem -- 5. Distance Relays. General Principles. Special Characteristics. Limitations. Application to Lines. Settings. Multi-terminal Lines. Construction. A.C. Potential Supply. Simultaneous Ground Faults. Auto-reclosing Zero Sequence Compensation -- 6. Switched and Polyphase Distance Relays. Reduction of Measuring Units. Automatic Switching Schemes. Polyphase Distance Relays. Phase and Amplitude Comparators. Analysis of Polyphase Comparators -- 7. Directional Pilot Relaying. Basic Principles. Pilot Wire Schemes. Carrier Channel Schemes. Carrier Signal Checking. Future Trends -- 8. A.C. Pilot Relaying. Pilot Wire Schemes. Phase and Amplitude Comparators. Effect of Load Current. Multi-terminal Lines. Pilot Wire Limitations. Pilot Supervision. Phase Comparison Carrier -- 9. Protection of A.C. Machines. Generator Protection. Stator Faults. Rotor Faults. Miscellaneous Faults. Motor Protection. Faults. Unbalanced Conditions. Power Station Auxiliaries. Current Differential Relaying -- 10. Power Transformer Protection. Types of Faults. Gas Relays. Differential Relays. Magnetising Inrush. Minimising of Effects. Relay Solutions. Grounding Transformers. Generator Transformer Units. Transformer Feeders -- 11. Bus-Zone Protection. General Principles. Current Differential Protection. Voltage Differential. Frame Leakage Protection. Directional Comparison. Back-up. Supervision -- 12. Back-Up Protection. Basic Principles. Precautions for Reliability Remote Back-up. Local Back-up. Relay Back-up. Breaker Back-up. A.C. Supplies. D.C. Supply -- 13. Maintenance and Testing of Relays. Commissioning. Periodic Maintenance. Transfer to Test Circuit. Tools. Safety Measures. Mechanical Tests. Electrical Tests. Manufacture Tests -- 14. Miscellaneous. Static Relays. Future of Electromagnetic Relays. D.C. Protection Relays. Protection Engineering as a Career -- References.

Recently, social awareness, governmental legislations and competitive business environment have spurred researchers to pay much attention to closed-loop supply chain network design. In order to support the arising trend, this paper presents a comprehensive mathematical model for a multi-period, multi-product, multi-modal and bi-objective green closed-loop supply chain. The objective of the model is to minimize the total cost and environmental emissions through making the best decisions on facility location, transportation amounts and inventory balances. According to the inherent complexity of the problem and considering multi-product, multi-period and multi- modality assumptions makes it hard to handle, and as for the solution approach, an effective accelerated benders decomposition algorithm is implemented. Then, computational results for a set of numerical example are discussed. Besides, the model and solution approach are applied on a wire-and-cable industry. Then, a sensitivity analysis is implemented in an effort to validate the model. Results reveal applicability of the proposed mathematical model and presented solution approach. Following the obtained results, it can be validly concluded that the suggested solution approach leads to more than 13 percent reduction in total cost for the studied case, and can be even employed for larger and more complex real-world industrial applications.

Previous low cost systems of navigational assistance for disabled wheelchair users have provided simple obstacle and collision avoidance, or have followed a pre-defined fixed route defined by a white line or a buried wire. Other research has used complex high cost multi-sensor mode systems resembling industrial, military or space exploration applications. Such systems have required modification of the operating environment and have provided little overall control by the user. Whilst proving the technical feasibility their cost and complexity has not resulted in practical and affordable solutions for the wheelchair user. The purpose of the present study was to bridge the gap between these two previous areas of research and to provide navigational assistance at an affordable cost.

This study examines when and why environmental non-governmental organizations in the United Kingdom, France and Germany bypass national-level activity in favor of supranational action. Data are gathered from a content analysis of news wires and analyzed in a series of logistic equations. Evidence supports the multi-level governance theory of European Union integration. Examining political opportunity structure explanations for activity, I find that changes in domestic elite alliances and electoral cleavages help to explain why groups choose to target activity at the supranational level. When the domestic opportunity structure is closed, supranational activity becomes more likely. The opening of the domestic political opportunity structure decreases supranational activity among groups.

Intro -- Contents -- Preface and Acknowledgments -- List of Tables -- List of Figures -- ONE. Toward a Theory of Campaigns and Voters in Developing Democracies / Noam Lupu, Virginia Oliveros, and Luis Schiumerini -- TWO. Economic Shocks and Partisan Realignment in Argentina / María Victoria Murillo and Steven Levitsky -- THREE. Down to the Wire: Argentina's 2015 Campaign / Ernesto Calvo -- FOUR. Why Does Wealth Affect Vote Choice? / Noam Lupu -- FIVE. Mass Partisanship in Three Latin American Democracies / Andy Baker and Dalton Dorr -- SIX. Explaining Support for the Incumbent in Presidential Elections / Carlos Gervasoni and María Laura Tagina -- SEVEN. Macri's Mandate: Structural Reform or Better Performance? / Luis Schiumerini -- EIGHT. Dealigning Campaign Effects in Argentina in Comparative Perspective / Kenneth F. Greene -- NINE. Strategic Voting in a Two-Round, Multi-Candidate Election / Rebecca Weitz-Shapiro and Matthew S. Winters -- TEN. Perceptions of Ballot Integrity and Clientelism / Virginia Oliveros -- ELEVEN. Conclusion: The Significance of Unmoored Voters / Elizabeth J. Zechmeister -- Bibliography -- Contributors -- Index

FOREWORD / Ja Joong Yoon HOW TO USE THIS CATALOGUE CONTENTS KOREAN INDUSTRIAL STANDARDS IN BRIEF Status The KS Mark Korean standard specification in accordance with ASTM, BS, DIN, & ISO, IEC KS B MECHANICAL ENGINEERING KS C ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING KS D METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING KS F CIVIL ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE KS L CERAMICS KS M CHEMICAL ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS WOOD PRODUCTS Woodworks Sawn Lumber Preserved Wood Plywood Hard Board Wood Flush Door Wood Furniture GYPSUM PRODUCTS Gypsum Board Gypsum Panel Gypsum Plaster CONCRETE PRODUCTS Concrete Pipes Concrete Piles Concrete Poles Spancrete CERAMIC TILES Red Bricks Ceramic Glazed Mosaic Tiles Ceramic Glazed Wall Tiles GLASS PRODUCTS Architectural Glass ASBESTOS CEMENT PRODUCTS Asbestos Calcium Silicated Board(Sound Absorption Board) Asbestos Cement Roofing Sheets Asbestos Cement Flat Board Namulite Abrasives CEMENT PRODUCTS Portland Cement PVC PRODUCTS PVC Pipes PVC Strainer PVC Window Frames PVC Water Stop PVC Film & Sheets F.R.P. Waffle Forms Reflective Pavement Marker CHEMICAL PRODUCTS Concrete Additives Paints Explosives THERMAL INSULATION Insulation Film Glass Fiber Insulation Mineral Fiber Silica Urethane Foam Board Vermiculite WALL COVERINGS Burlap Wall Paper Cork Wall Paper Oak Leaf Wallpaper Corkboard & Carbonized Corkboard Grasscloth Wall Paper Strips Wall Paper Vinyl Wall Covering & Tiles FLOOR COVERINGS Vinyl Floor Coverings Vinyl Asbestos Floor Tiles PVC Floor Coverings SANITARY WARES F.R.P. Bathtub F.R.P. Unit Bathroom Ceramic Sanitary Wares Metal Sanitary Plumbing Fixtures KITCHEN UTENSILS Kitchen Furniture Kitchen Sinks Metal Shelf IRON & STEEL PRODUCTS SEMI FINISHED PRODUCTS Billets & Wire Rods STEEL BARS & SHAPES Flat Bars Round Bars Reinforced Deformed Bars H-Beams I-Beams Equal Angles Channels Rails STEEL SHEETS & PLATES Electrical Steel Sheets & Strips Hot Rolled Plates Cold Rolled Steel Sheets & Coils Precoated Steel Sheets & Coils Galvanized Iron Sheets STEEL WIRES P.C. Wires & Strands Galvanized Steel Wire Strands Galvanized Steel Wires Annealed Iron Wires Galvanized Iron Wires Concertina Barbed Wires Wire Ropes Welded Wire Mesh STEEL PIPES & TUBES E.R.W. Steel Pipes Seamless Steel Pipes Stainless Steel Clad Pipes Cast Iron Pipes METAL PRODUCTS ALUMINUM EXTRUSION PRODUCTS Aluminum Extrusion Profiles Aluminum Doors & Windows Aluminum Suspended Ceiling Panels Aluminum Wall Panels(Luxalon Facade Type 150F) Color Aluminum Blinds(Venetian Type) COPPER PRODUCTS Copper & Copper Alloy Sheets & Strips Copper & Copper Alloy Pipes & Tubes NAILS Wire Nail FASTENERS Self-Drilling Screw Rivet Bolt & Nut METAL DOORS & DOOR PARTS Auto Garage Door Steel Door & Frame Door Closer Door Lock Dead Lock Floor Hinges PIPE FITTINGS Pipe Fittings Flanges VALVES Valve PREFAB. STEEL CONSTR. MATERIALS Floor and Roof Deck Guard Rail & Guard Cable Steel Forms Insulated Wall Panel System Wall Partitions Prefabricated House WELDING ELECTRODES Welding Electrodes CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT EXCAVATORS Hydraulic Excavator KHIC-Poclain(90CL) CRAWLER TRACTORS Buldozer(KHIC-FD20) MOTOR GRADER Motor Grader(KHIC FG85) LOADER = 283,302,0 Wheel Loader(KHIC-645B) FOLKLIFTS Forklift(Daewoo FB13R, 15, 20, 25) GENERATORS Diesel Generator(DGR, DGT, DGA, DGC, DGG, DGH) CRANES Crawler Crane(KHIC 4210) Truck Crane(KHIC 4460) Auger Crane(Kia Master K3,000 Type) Gantry Crane(Unloader) Level Luffing Crane Container Crane(Port Side Type) Tower Crane(132HC) Overhead Crane Electric Overhead Travelling Crane Poly Crane(HCP2025) CONSTRUCTION LIFTS Cargo Lift Multipurpose Lift(HME-PM500) CONCRETE PLANTS Batching Plant Concrete Mixer CONCRETE MIXER TRUCKS Mixer Truck(AU745L-1) CONCRETE PUMP TRUCKS Concrete Pump Car CONCRETE VIBRATORS Pendulous Internal Concrete Vibrator(HVI-GE Engine Driven) Vibration Motor(HVK-FM) CRUSHING & SCREENING PLANTS Crushing & Screening Plant(HCP-200) Portable Crushing Plant ASPHALT PLANTS Asphalt Mixing Plant ASPHALT FINISHERS Asphalt Finisher ASPHALT DISTRIBUTORS 6000L Asphait Distributor(DA-CK20L-6000A.T.D.) DREDGER Dredger MINE EQUIPMENT Mine Equipment TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT CARGO TRUCKS Pickup Truck(Kia master K2200) 4.5 Ton Cargo Truck(Kiamaster K4100) 10.75 Ton Cargo Truck(HD-11,000) Heavy Duty Cargo Truck(TSH 150C) DUMP TRUCKS Heavy Duty Dump Truck(FV 315 JDL) TRACTOR TRUCKS 36 Ton Tractor(CK-60-CTL) 39 Ton Semi - Trailer Tractor(FP 315 ERL-A) 51 Ton Semi - Trailer Tractor(FV 315 HRL-A) BULK CEMENT TRUCK Bulk Cement Truck(DA-CW519-BCT) TANK LORRY 16,000ℓ Tank Lorry(DA-CD51-T16M) TRAILERS 40-Ton Low Bed Semi-Trailer(DA-40-LST) 40 Ton Low Bed Trailer(C-40-L) Flat Bed Semi-Trailer(HTC-5C, HTC-5D) Wing Pallet Trailer(FBX-FZ-W) Container Chassis(HTC-6, HTC-3C) 40 Ton Container Chassis Combine(DA-40-CCC-35 SB) Tank Trailer(A 101-3T, HTT-1-HTT-5) BUSES Mini Bus(Kia K2,200-Bongo Coach) City Bus(BF1 01) Sight Seeing Bus(FB 485) High Way Bus(HA50) PASSENGER CARS Passenger Car(Pony-2) Passenger Car(Royale Gasoline) 4-Wheel Drive Vehicle(Patrol) TOOLS & MACHINERY HAND TOOLS Pliers Mini Pliers Socket Wrenches Wrenches CUTTING TOOLS Bit(Super High Alloy) Cutter & Bits Wood Working Cutters(Tip Saws) Industrial Diamond Tool Metal Cutting Tool ELECTRICAL TOOLS Drill Grinder Wire Brusher & Sanders Planer Cut-Off Machine WELDING MACHINE Spot Welder COMPRESSORS Air Compressor(Water Cooling) PUMPS Gear Pump Water Pump(HICO-K.S.B.) Submersible Water Pump(KT-Type) VENTILATORS Ventilator(Wind Driven) BOILERS Boiler for Home Use FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT Ionization Smoke Detector Alarm Bell & Indicating Light Alarm Valve Auto Control Valve Sprinkler Head Fire Extinguishing System Fire Extinguisher & Fire Hose Fire Hose & Parts MEASURING INSTRUMENTS Water Meter Gas Meter Measuring Tapes ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT & APPARATUS ELECTRIC MOTORS Electric Motor(HICD T & D Line) High Voltage Induction Motor(Three-phase Squirrel-cage Type) GENERATORS Brushless Alternator ELECTRIC TRANSFORMERS Transformer RECTIFIERS Rectifier INVERTERS Uninterruptible Power Supply System SWITCHES Open Cutout & Interrupter Switches(XS & Alduti Type) Magnetic Switch & Contactor Magnetic Contactor SWITCHGEARS Switchgear SWITCHBOARDS Low-Voltage Switchboard Motor Control Center(480V-H5600) High-Voltage Switchboard Truck-Type Switchboard = 469,488,0 CIRCUIT BREAKERS Auto-Breaker Earth Leakage Breaker SF6 Gas Circuit Breaker Vacuum Circuit Breaker CAPACITORS High Voltage Power Capacitor Low Voltage Power Capacitor LIFTS Passenger Lift(Elevator) ESCALATORS Passenger Escalator AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM Room Air Conditioner Water Chilling Unit(Centrifugal Type) Air Cooled Condensing Unit Air Cooled Airconditioner(Packaged Type) Water Cooled Airconditioner(Packaged Type) Air Handling Unit Fan Coil Unit Cooling Tower CABLES Power Cables Communication Cables TELECOMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT Electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange(STAREX) Private Automatic Branch Exchange(Crossbar-PABX) Telephone Set(Decorative Phone) Key Telephone System(GK-308N) SOLAR POWER SYSTEM Solar Power System POWER CONTROL SYSTEM Supervisory Control & Data Acquisition(SCADA) INTERPHONE SYSTEM Public Address Amplifier Chime Bell Melody Door Phone Telephone Type Interphone ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTS Watt Hour Meter Pressure Gauge & Thermometer Switchboard Instrument Boiler Control Panel Frequency Counter Digital Multimeter Analog Multimeter Digital Panel Meter LIGHTING APPARATUS Electronic Ballast Fluorescent Lamp Ballast Fluorescent Lamp Incandescent Lamp Lighting Fixture Fluorescent Lighting Fixture Chandeliers & Accessories Glass Lighting Fixture PLANT & ENGINEERING IRON & STEEL MILLS Iron & Steel Manufacturing Equipment Smelting & Refinery Plants CEMENT PLANTS Cement Manufacturing Equipment White Cement Manufacturing Equipment CHEMICAL PLANTS Chemical & Petrochemical Equipment Chemical Equipment Soda Ash Plants Dynamite Processing Equipment Bromination Equipment PAPER MILLS Paper Manufacturing Equipment WOOD PROCESSING PLANTS Veneer & Plywood Manufacturing Equipment SERICULTURAL PLANTS Multi-Purpose Silk Reeling Plants BICYCLE ASSEMBLING PLANTS Bicycle Assembling Lines METER MANUFACTURING PLANTS Water Meter Assembling Lines METAL CUTLERY MFG. EQUIPMENT Stainless Steel Cutlery Mfg. Lines ELECTRIC LAMP MFG. EQUIPMENT Electric Lamp Manufacturing Lines BOTTLING EQUIPMENT Bottle Cleaning Equipment Automatic Bottling Equipment CONCRETE PRODUCTS MEG. EQUIPMENT Centrifugal Machine Equipment for Concrete Products HEAT TREATMENT EQUIPMENT Industrial Furnaces INDUSTRIAL BOILERS Steam Boilers(Packaged-Type) Industrial Boilers Power Station Boilers Flue & Smoke Tube Boilers Water Tube Packaged Boiler STEEL STRUCTURES Shop Prefabricated Piping Steel Towers for Transmission Lines Steel Structures for Industrial Plants Steel Structures for Multi-Purposes Onshore Steel Structures OFFSHORE OIL EQUIPMENT Offshore Facilities Offshore Floating Crane Barges Semi-Submersible Drilling Rigs Jack-Up Drilling Rigs ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS Thermal Power Generating Equipment Nuclear Power Generating Equipment Hydro Power Plants(Generating Equipment) Power Plants WATER TREATMENT PLANTS Desalination Plants Water Treatment Plants Pure Water Treatment Plants Waste Water Treatment Plants AIR POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT Air Pollution Control Treatment System PLANT ENGINEERING Monosodium Glutamate Plants Formalin Plants Industrial Plants & Public Utilities Industrial Plants Chemical Plants Chemical & Industrial Plants Power Plants Infrastructural Utilities ANNEX Ⅰ. LIST OF RELATED GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS Ⅱ. KOREAN DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS OVERSEAS Ⅲ. LIST OF PRODUCTS & MANUFACTURERS BY PRODUCT GROUP

FOREWORD / Ja Joong Yoon HOW TO USE THIS CATALOGUE CONTENTS KOREAN INDUSTRIAL STANDARDS IN BRIEF Status The KS Mark Korean standard specification in accordance with ASTM, BS, DIN, & ISO, IEC KS B MECHANICAL ENGINEERING KS C ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING KS D METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING KS F CIVIL ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE KS L CERAMICS KS M CHEMICAL ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS WOOD PRODUCTS Woodworks Sawn Lumber Preserved Wood Plywood Hard Board Wood Flush Door Wood Furniture GYPSUM PRODUCTS Gypsum Board Gypsum Panel Gypsum Plaster CONCRETE PRODUCTS Concrete Pipes Concrete Piles Concrete Poles Spancrete CERAMIC TILES Red Bricks Ceramic Glazed Mosaic Tiles Ceramic Glazed Wall Tiles GLASS PRODUCTS Architectural Glass ASBESTOS CEMENT PRODUCTS Asbestos Calcium Silicated Board(Sound Absorption Board) Asbestos Cement Roofing Sheets Asbestos Cement Flat Board Namulite Abrasives CEMENT PRODUCTS Portland Cement PVC PRODUCTS PVC Pipes PVC Strainer PVC Window Frames PVC Water Stop PVC Film & Sheets F.R.P. Waffle Forms Reflective Pavement Marker CHEMICAL PRODUCTS Concrete Additives Paints Explosives THERMAL INSULATION Insulation Film Glass Fiber Insulation Mineral Fiber Silica Urethane Foam Board Vermiculite WALL COVERINGS Burlap Wall Paper Cork Wall Paper Oak Leaf Wallpaper Corkboard & Carbonized Corkboard Grasscloth Wall Paper Strips Wall Paper Vinyl Wall Covering & Tiles FLOOR COVERINGS Vinyl Floor Coverings Vinyl Asbestos Floor Tiles PVC Floor Coverings SANITARY WARES F.R.P. Bathtub F.R.P. Unit Bathroom Ceramic Sanitary Wares Metal Sanitary Plumbing Fixtures KITCHEN UTENSILS Kitchen Furniture Kitchen Sinks Metal Shelf IRON & STEEL PRODUCTS SEMI FINISHED PRODUCTS Billets & Wire Rods STEEL BARS & SHAPES Flat Bars Round Bars Reinforced Deformed Bars H-Beams I-Beams Equal Angles Channels Rails STEEL SHEETS & PLATES Electrical Steel Sheets & Strips Hot Rolled Plates Cold Rolled Steel Sheets & Coils Precoated Steel Sheets & Coils Galvanized Iron Sheets STEEL WIRES P.C. Wires & Strands Galvanized Steel Wire Strands Galvanized Steel Wires Annealed Iron Wires Galvanized Iron Wires Concertina Barbed Wires Wire Ropes Welded Wire Mesh STEEL PIPES & TUBES E.R.W. Steel Pipes Seamless Steel Pipes Stainless Steel Clad Pipes Cast Iron Pipes METAL PRODUCTS ALUMINUM EXTRUSION PRODUCTS Aluminum Extrusion Profiles Aluminum Doors & Windows Aluminum Suspended Ceiling Panels Aluminum Wall Panels(Luxalon Facade Type 150F) Color Aluminum Blinds(Venetian Type) COPPER PRODUCTS Copper & Copper Alloy Sheets & Strips Copper & Copper Alloy Pipes & Tubes NAILS Wire Nail FASTENERS Self-Drilling Screw Rivet Bolt & Nut METAL DOORS & DOOR PARTS Auto Garage Door Steel Door & Frame Door Closer Door Lock Dead Lock Floor Hinges PIPE FITTINGS Pipe Fittings Flanges VALVES Valve PREFAB. STEEL CONSTR. MATERIALS Floor and Roof Deck Guard Rail & Guard Cable Steel Forms Insulated Wall Panel System Wall Partitions Prefabricated House WELDING ELECTRODES Welding Electrodes CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT EXCAVATORS Hydraulic Excavator KHIC-Poclain(90CL) CRAWLER TRACTORS Buldozer(KHIC-FD20) MOTOR GRADER Motor Grader(KHIC FG85) LOADER Wheel Loader(KHIC-645B) FOLKLIFTS Forklift(Daewoo FB13R, 15, 20, 25) GENERATORS Diesel Generator(DGR, DGT, DGA, DGC, DGG, DGH) CRANES Crawler Crane(KHIC 4210) Truck Crane(KHIC 4460) Auger Crane(Kia Master K3,000 Type) Gantry Crane(Unloader) Level Luffing Crane Container Crane(Port Side Type) Tower Crane(132HC) Overhead Crane Electric Overhead Travelling Crane Poly Crane(HCP2025) CONSTRUCTION LIFTS Cargo Lift Multipurpose Lift(HME-PM500) CONCRETE PLANTS Batching Plant Concrete Mixer CONCRETE MIXER TRUCKS Mixer Truck(AU745L-1) CONCRETE PUMP TRUCKS Concrete Pump Car CONCRETE VIBRATORS Pendulous Internal Concrete Vibrator(HVI-GE Engine Driven) Vibration Motor(HVK-FM) CRUSHING & SCREENING PLANTS Crushing & Screening Plant(HCP-200) Portable Crushing Plant ASPHALT PLANTS Asphalt Mixing Plant ASPHALT FINISHERS Asphalt Finisher ASPHALT DISTRIBUTORS 6000L Asphait Distributor(DA-CK20L-6000A.T.D.) DREDGER Dredger MINE EQUIPMENT Mine Equipment TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT CARGO TRUCKS Pickup Truck(Kia master K2200) 4.5 Ton Cargo Truck(Kiamaster K4100) 10.75 Ton Cargo Truck(HD-11,000) Heavy Duty Cargo Truck(TSH 150C) DUMP TRUCKS Heavy Duty Dump Truck(FV 315 JDL) TRACTOR TRUCKS 36 Ton Tractor(CK-60-CTL) 39 Ton Semi - Trailer Tractor(FP 315 ERL-A) 51 Ton Semi - Trailer Tractor(FV 315 HRL-A) BULK CEMENT TRUCK Bulk Cement Truck(DA-CW519-BCT) TANK LORRY 16,000ℓ Tank Lorry(DA-CD51-T16M) TRAILERS 40-Ton Low Bed Semi-Trailer(DA-40-LST) 40 Ton Low Bed Trailer(C-40-L) Flat Bed Semi-Trailer(HTC-5C, HTC-5D) Wing Pallet Trailer(FBX-FZ-W) Container Chassis(HTC-6, HTC-3C) 40 Ton Container Chassis Combine(DA-40-CCC-35 SB) Tank Trailer(A 101-3T, HTT-1-HTT-5) BUSES Mini Bus(Kia K2,200-Bongo Coach) City Bus(BF1 01) Sight Seeing Bus(FB 485) High Way Bus(HA50) PASSENGER CARS Passenger Car(Pony-2) Passenger Car(Royale Gasoline) 4-Wheel Drive Vehicle(Patrol) TOOLS & MACHINERY HAND TOOLS Pliers Mini Pliers Socket Wrenches Wrenches CUTTING TOOLS Bit(Super High Alloy) Cutter & Bits Wood Working Cutters(Tip Saws) Industrial Diamond Tool Metal Cutting Tool ELECTRICAL TOOLS Drill Grinder Wire Brusher & Sanders Planer Cut-Off Machine WELDING MACHINE Spot Welder COMPRESSORS Air Compressor(Water Cooling) PUMPS Gear Pump Water Pump(HICO-K.S.B.) Submersible Water Pump(KT-Type) VENTILATORS Ventilator(Wind Driven) BOILERS Boiler for Home Use FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT Ionization Smoke Detector Alarm Bell & Indicating Light Alarm Valve Auto Control Valve Sprinkler Head Fire Extinguishing System Fire Extinguisher & Fire Hose Fire Hose & Parts MEASURING INSTRUMENTS Water Meter Gas Meter Measuring Tapes ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT & APPARATUS ELECTRIC MOTORS Electric Motor(HICD T & D Line) High Voltage Induction Motor(Three-phase Squirrel-cage Type) GENERATORS Brushless Alternator ELECTRIC TRANSFORMERS Transformer RECTIFIERS Rectifier INVERTERS Uninterruptible Power Supply System SWITCHES Open Cutout & Interrupter Switches(XS & Alduti Type) Magnetic Switch & Contactor Magnetic Contactor SWITCHGEARS Switchgear SWITCHBOARDS Low-Voltage Switchboard Motor Control Center(480V-H5600) High-Voltage Switchboard Truck-Type Switchboard CIRCUIT BREAKERS Auto-Breaker Earth Leakage Breaker SF6 Gas Circuit Breaker Vacuum Circuit Breaker CAPACITORS High Voltage Power Capacitor Low Voltage Power Capacitor LIFTS Passenger Lift(Elevator) ESCALATORS Passenger Escalator AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM Room Air Conditioner Water Chilling Unit(Centrifugal Type) Air Cooled Condensing Unit Air Cooled Airconditioner(Packaged Type) Water Cooled Airconditioner(Packaged Type) Air Handling Unit Fan Coil Unit Cooling Tower CABLES Power Cables Communication Cables TELECOMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT Electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange(STAREX) Private Automatic Branch Exchange(Crossbar-PABX) Telephone Set(Decorative Phone) Key Telephone System(GK-308N) SOLAR POWER SYSTEM Solar Power System POWER CONTROL SYSTEM Supervisory Control & Data Acquisition(SCADA) INTERPHONE SYSTEM Public Address Amplifier Chime Bell Melody Door Phone Telephone Type Interphone ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTS Watt Hour Meter Pressure Gauge & Thermometer Switchboard Instrument Boiler Control Panel Frequency Counter Digital Multimeter Analog Multimeter Digital Panel Meter LIGHTING APPARATUS Electronic Ballast Fluorescent Lamp Ballast Fluorescent Lamp Incandescent Lamp Lighting Fixture Fluorescent Lighting Fixture Chandeliers & Accessories Glass Lighting Fixture PLANT & ENGINEERING IRON & STEEL MILLS Iron & Steel Manufacturing Equipment Smelting & Refinery Plants CEMENT PLANTS Cement Manufacturing Equipment White Cement Manufacturing Equipment CHEMICAL PLANTS Chemical & Petrochemical Equipment Chemical Equipment Soda Ash Plants Dynamite Processing Equipment Bromination Equipment PAPER MILLS Paper Manufacturing Equipment WOOD PROCESSING PLANTS Veneer & Plywood Manufacturing Equipment SERICULTURAL PLANTS Multi-Purpose Silk Reeling Plants BICYCLE ASSEMBLING PLANTS Bicycle Assembling Lines METER MANUFACTURING PLANTS Water Meter Assembling Lines METAL CUTLERY MFG. EQUIPMENT Stainless Steel Cutlery Mfg. Lines ELECTRIC LAMP MFG. EQUIPMENT Electric Lamp Manufacturing Lines BOTTLING EQUIPMENT Bottle Cleaning Equipment Automatic Bottling Equipment CONCRETE PRODUCTS MEG. EQUIPMENT Centrifugal Machine Equipment for Concrete Products HEAT TREATMENT EQUIPMENT Industrial Furnaces INDUSTRIAL BOILERS Steam Boilers(Packaged-Type) Industrial Boilers Power Station Boilers Flue & Smoke Tube Boilers Water Tube Packaged Boiler STEEL STRUCTURES Shop Prefabricated Piping Steel Towers for Transmission Lines Steel Structures for Industrial Plants Steel Structures for Multi-Purposes Onshore Steel Structures OFFSHORE OIL EQUIPMENT Offshore Facilities Offshore Floating Crane Barges Semi-Submersible Drilling Rigs Jack-Up Drilling Rigs ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS Thermal Power Generating Equipment Nuclear Power Generating Equipment Hydro Power Plants(Generating Equipment) Power Plants WATER TREATMENT PLANTS Desalination Plants Water Treatment Plants Pure Water Treatment Plants Waste Water Treatment Plants AIR POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT Air Pollution Control Treatment System PLANT ENGINEERING Monosodium Glutamate Plants Formalin Plants Industrial Plants & Public Utilities Industrial Plants Chemical Plants Chemical & Industrial Plants Power Plants Infrastructural Utilities ANNEX Ⅰ. LIST OF RELATED GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS Ⅱ. KOREAN DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS OVERSEAS Ⅲ. LIST OF PRODUCTS & MANUFACTURERS BY PRODUCT GROUP

Adaptive optics methods have long been used to perform complex light shaping at the output of a multimode fiber (MMF), with the specific aim of controlling the emitted beam in the near field and enabling the realization of a new generation of endoscopes based on a wide variety of spectroscopic techniques. Gaining control of other emission properties, including the far-field pattern and the phase of the generated beam, would open up the possibility for multimode fibers to act as miniaturized multi-beam steering components and to implement phase-encoded imaging and sensing. In this study, we employ phase modulation using a spatial light modulator at the input of a multimode fiber to generate multiple, low divergence rays with controlled angles and phase at the fiber output. Direct measurement of the output angle and the divergence and phase of the generated beams show how wavefront engineering can be employed to perform complex far-field structuring of the emission of a MMF. ; L.C., M.D.V., and Fe.P acknowledge funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program under Grant Agreement No. 828972. Fi.P., A.B., and Fe.P. acknowledge funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program under Grant Agreement No. 677683. Fi.P., M.D.V. and Fe.P. acknowledge that this project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program under Grant Agreement No 101016787. M.P. and M.D.V. acknowledge funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program under Grant Agreement No. 692943. M.P., Fe.P., and M.D.V. were funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health (Grant No. 1UF1NS108177-01). M.D.V. was funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health (Grant No. U01NS094190). M.D.V. and F.P. are founders and hold private equity in Optogenix, a company that develops, produces, and sells technologies to deliver light into the brain.