Suchergebnisse

"Coalition preferences in multiparty systems have received increasing attention in recent
years, both as an additional political identity beyond parties and as another explanatory factor for vote decisions above and beyond party preferences. In this paper, we use survey data from the
2006 Austrian election to investigate the accessibility of party and coalition preferences and the extent to which coalition preferences can be explained by party preferences and other affective and cognitive factors such as candidates, ideology, and issue positions. The evidence suggests that questions about coalitions are associated with longer response times than similar questions about party preferences, that is, respondents must make more of a cognitive effort to form and/or retrieve them. Finally, coalition preferences are only partially predicted by party preferences and
candidate evaluations, while policy preferences are mostly unrelated. Coalition preferences
emerge as a fairly independent factor in multiparty systems." (author's abstract)

1 Introduction -- The Logic of Multiparty Systems: An Overview of Theoretical and Empirical Problems and Results -- 2 Efficiency and Stability Concepts in Multiparty Voting -- Bargaining in Weighted Majority Voting Games, With an Application to Portfolio Distributions -- Nash Bargaining Solutions of Multiparty Bargaining Problems -- Manipulation of Voting Mechanisms -- Manipulation in a Multiparty Parliament: The Case of the Norwegian Storting -- On the Existence of Political Equilibrium in a Three-Party System with Plurality Voting -- Elections with N Voters, M Candidates and K Issues -- 3 Multipartism and Political Stability -- Bargaining Theory and Cabinet Stability in European Governments -- Multipartism -- The Competitive Consequences of Polarized Pluralism -- On the Importance of Elections and Ideology for Government Policy in a Multi-Party System -- The Political Economy of Roll-Call Voting in the "Multi-Party" Congress of the United States -- Parties and Party Systems in Latin America -- The Stability of Party Duopoly in Multi-Party Britain -- The Geography of Party Support: Comparative Studies in Electoral Stability -- 4 Electoral System Effects -- 'Representation of the People': Aspects of the Relationship between Electoral Systems and Party Systems in the Federal Republic of Germany and the United Kingdom -- What Kind of Electoral System for Plural Societies? India as an Example -- Political Support in Multiparty Canada: 1980–84 -- Performance of the Electoral System in Recent Canadian and British Elections: Advancing the Case for Electoral Reform -- The Logic of Plurality Voting in Multi-Party Systems: Tactical Voting in Liverpool Elections -- Determinants of the Number of Legislative Parties: Evidence from Postwar France -- Problems of and Solutions to Representation -- Thresholds for Proportional Representation: Reanalyzed and Extended -- Problems of Equity in Multiparty Representational Systems: What We Want and What We Can't -- Party Discipline and the Power of Parties, Legislators and States -- Paradox Proof Decision Rules in Weighted Voting.

Political parties are not only an important part of the many functions they carry out such as representation, recruitment and outreach), but there are complex relationships between parties and form work systems in their political practice. Party system is an analysis to examine party behavior as part of a system, that is, how each party interacts with each other. the party system consists of single parties, dual parties and multiparty parties. This paper tries to identify various kinds of problems caused by the application of a multiparty system by using literature studies based on upstream research. Indonesia is a democratic country that adopts a multiparty system in its political activities which is characterized by the many parties competing for government power. A multiparty system when combined with a presidential government system raises various problems, such as the possibility of electing a minority president, too many parties joining the coalition to become a fat coalition, and the stability of the government is disrupted. Partai politik tidak hanya merupakan bagian penting dari banyak fungsi yang dilakukan seperti perwakilan, rekrutmen dan penjangkauan, tetapi ada hubungan yang kompleks antara partai-partai dan pembentukan sistem kerja dalam praktik politik. Sistem kepartaian adalah analisis untuk memeriksa perilaku partai sebagai bagian dari suatu sistem, yaitu bagaimana masing-masing pihak berinteraksi satu sama lain. sistem kepartaian terdiri dari partai tunggal, dwi-partai dan partai multipartai. Artikel ini mencoba mengidentifikasi berbagai jenis masalah yang disebabkan oleh penerapan sistem multipartai dengan menggunakan studi literatur berdasarkan penelitian terdahulu. Indonesia adalah negara demokratis yang mengadopsi sistem multipartai dalam kegiatan politiknya yang ditandai oleh banyak pihak yang bersaing untuk mendapatkan kekuasaan pemerintah. Sistem multipartai ketika digabungkan dengan sistem pemerintahan presidensial menimbulkan berbagai masalah, seperti kemungkinan memilih presiden minoritas, terlalu banyak partai yang bergabung dalam koalisi untuk menjadi koalisi yang gemuk, dan stabilitas pemerintahan terganggu.

This article presents a model linking the structure of the party system with the political identification children develop during the political socialization process. According to this model, children acquire from their parents political labels that serve as voting cues. These cues can relate to a specific party (party identification), a group of parties, or a basic ideological position (usually in "left" and "right" terms). In every society, labels having greater heuristic value are more commonly transmitted from parent to offspring. The type of label with the heuristic advantage in each society is determined by the nature of the party system and, specifically, by three of its characteristics: number of parties, composition of the social cleavages, and degree of competitiveness. Some of the model's assumptions are tested with empirical data from Israel, providing a comprehensive account of the intergenerational transmission of partisanship and ideological orientations in Israel.

We present cross-national analyses - both cross-sectional and longitudinal - estimating the vote shares for approximately 80 parties across Western Europe from 1984 to 1998. The results indicate that parties' vote shares increase with their proximity to the centre of the voter distribution, although the effects are relatively small. These findings corroborate the theoretical results reported by Lin et al. in their article 'Equilibrium in Multican-didate Probabilistic Spatial Voting' (Public Choice, Vol. 98, pp. 59-82), and provide support for conclusions reported by other authors who rely on simulations of individual-level data from national election surveys. © European Consortium for Political Research 2005.

We investigate the relationship between party issue position and mass evaluation of political parties in multiparty systems. In so doing, we engage two competing theories of mass-elite linkage: the directional theory and the traditional spatial theory of elections. The alternate models are evaluated with survey data gathered in Norway in 1989. The data collection is unique in providing extensive information on the issue positions of all parties with potential for achieving representation in the parliament. Results suggest that the directional theory provides a better description of the relationship. Consistent with directional theory, we find that when parties occupy a centrist position on an issue they are not evaluated on the basis of that issue. Voters neither love nor hate a party in the middle. Thus, in order to build support on the basis of issues, parties must offer some strong stands.