Suchergebnisse

Poduzimanje pravne reforme postaje nužno onda kada pravni sistem ne odgovara na potrebe društva u promijenjenim društvenim okolnostima. Reformu pravnog sistema moguće je provesti na temelju postojećih izvora, unutar pravnog sistema koji se želi reformirati ili putem pozajmljivanja pravnih instituta iz naprednijih pravnih sistema, koji su od ranije poznati. Oživljavanjem funkcije države u Evropi od XI stoljeća sve više vladara poseže za reformom pravnog sistema kao odgovorom na narastajuće probleme s kojima se društvo suočava. Ova reforma započeta je na Siciliji 1140. godine, donošenjem Assize iz Ariana, a nastavljena je u Engleskoj donošenjem više assiza od strane kralja Henryja II. U pokušaju da ukažemo na mogući utjecaj koji se odvijao putem preuzimanja gotovih rješenja iz jedne pravne tradicije u drugu, koristili smo se historijskom i uporednom metodom. Pojedini pravni instituti u okviru ove reforme ukazuju na to da se radilo o pravnim transplantima koje anglosaksonska i normanska pravna tradicija nisu poznavale. Rješenja koja su usvojena ukazuju na sličnosti sa šerijatskom pravnom tradicijom a njihovo prenošenje u engleski pravni sistem moglo je doći posredstvom ljudi koji su bili u službi normanskih vladara na Siciliji (Rogera II) a koji su kasnije ušli u službu engleskog kralja Henryja II. ; Undertaking legislative reform becomes necessary when the legal system does not respond to the needs of society in changed social circumstances. The reform can be carried out on the basis of existing sources, within the legal system to be reformed, or by borrowing institutions from more advanced systems, which are already known. After the 11th century, following the revival of the function of the state in Europe, more and more rulers resorted to the reform of the legal system, as a response to the growing problems that society was facing. This reform began in Sicily in 1140, with the enactment of Assizes from Ariano and continued in England with the enactment of The Assize of Clarendon? (1166) by King Henry II. In an attempt to point out the possible influence that took place by taking ready-made solutions from one legal tradition to another, the historical and comparative method is used. Some legal institutions that were part of this reform indicate that these were transplants that the Anglo-Saxon and Norman traditions did not know. The solutions adopted point to similarities with the Sharia legal tradition, and their transposition into the English legal system could have come through people who were in the service of the Norman rulers in Sicily (Roger II) and who later entered the service of King Henry II.

U radu na osnovu arhivske građe, relevantne štampe i literature autorica analizira način otvaranja muslimanskih kiraethana širom Bosne i Hercegovine početkom 20. stoljeća. Pod kojim uslovima su se otvarale kiraethane, kakva pravila su imale, koje ciljeve te koliko je vlast nadzirala njihov rad neka su od važnih pitanja u radu. Posebna pažnja je posvećena kiraethanama u manjim mjestima gdje su one predstavljale centar svih društvenih dešavanja. Kiraethane nisu bile samo preteča biblioteka i čitaonica, one su najčešće u samom sastavu imale i druge sekcije poput muzičke i antialkoholne. Autorica također posebno analizira unutrašnje odnose na koje utječe političko stanje u zemlji te lični animoziteti uprave, ali i članova. ; Based on archival material, relevant press, and literature, the author analyzes the way of opening Muslim reading rooms throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina at the beginning of the 20th century. Under what conditions the reading rooms were opened, what rules they had, what goals, and how much the government supervised their work is an important issue in the work. Special attention was paid to the reading rooms in smaller towns where they were the center of all social events. Reading rooms were not only the forerunners of libraries, they usually had other sections, such as music and anti-alcohol sections. The author also analyzes the internal relations that are dependent on the political situation in the country and the personal animosities of the management and members.

Das vorliegende Werk hat in erster Linie den Wert einer Quelle zu den gegenüber dem Islam mit einem radikalen serbischen Nationalimus verbundenen Bedrohungsvorstellungen, Feindbildern und Expansionszielen. Insbesondere der erste, von Miroljub Jevtic (einem Professor der Politologie an der Universität Belgrad) verfaßte Teil zu den angeblichen geopolitischen Ambitionen der bosnischen und albanischen Muslime auf dem Balkan und zur Bedrohung der serbischen Kultur durch die den Muslimen inhärente Tendenz zum Gottesstaat ist unter diesem Aspekt zu sehen. Jevtic wird in den serbischen Medien oft als renommierter Islamkundler gehandelt. Er entwickelt hier Vorstellungen von einer islamischen Bedrohung des beim Zerfall Jugoslawiens um sein Selbstbestimmungsrecht betrogenen serbischen Volkes, von den bosnischen Muslimen als islamisierten Serben u. ä., die allesamt als klassische nationalistische Momente der aktuellen serbischen politischen Propaganda gelten können. Etwas wissenschaftlicher ist der von Milovan Pecelj verfaßte Teil, der die internationalen Vorschläge zur Konfliktlösung in Bosnien in den Jahren 1993 und 1994 behandelt. Auch bei seinen Interpretationen ist freilich der nationalistische Standpunkt unübersehbar. (SOI-Clw)

Engl. Zsfassung u.d.T.: The genesis of the idea of the Bosnian, Bosniak nation

Banac, Ivo: Bakir Tanovic i problem zemljisnog vlasnistva u Bosni i Herecegovini. S. 7-8. Badrov, Zlatko: Nasilna promjena vlasnickih odnosa na privatnoj imovini izvrsena u razdoblju od 1918. do 1992. godine, na stetu bosnjacko-muslimanskog naroda u Bosni i Hercegovini. Podrivanje ekonomske snage bosnjaka ili ekonomski genocid nad bosnjacima. S. 89-91