Telegrams between Mr. Louis Hostetter and Gen. Alvaro Obregón, related to the arrival of Gen. Obregón in Nogales; introduction letters from Gen. Alvaro Obregón to Mr. Roberto V Pesqueira and Hunsaker, B.A., in favor of Mr. Hostetter. Letter from Gen. Obregón to the Banque Français du Mexique, arranging to give money to Mr. Hostetter. Letter from Mr. Hostetter to Gen. Obregón, informing of the activities of the oil tankers. Report from Mr. Hostetter to Gen. Obregón about the good feeling amongst North American business men in regards to his election. Letter from Mr. Hostetter to Gen. Obregón in which he transcribes a copy of a cable Chandler received from his agent in Washington in which they inform him of the subversive maneuvers of Cantú in Baja California. Matter in which Gen. Obregón asks them to send train tickets for him and his family. Report from Mr. Louis Hostetter to Gen. Obregón commenting on the political situation in Laredo and San Antonio, Texas, as well as finance and oil. Files H-23 and H-10. / Telegramas entre el Sr. Louis Hostetter y el Gral. Alvaro Obregón, relativos a la llegada del Gral. Obregón a Nogales; cartas de presentación del Gral. Alvaro Obregón para el Sr. Roberto V. Pesqueira y del Lic. Hunsaker a favor del Sr. Hostetter. Carta del Gral. Obregón al Banque Français du Mexique, ordenando le den dinero al Sr. Hostetter. Carta del Sr. Hostetter al Gral. Obregón, informando de actividades de los petroleros. Informe del Sr. Hostetter al Gral. Obregón sobre la buena disposición de los hombres de negocios norteamericanos respecto a su elección presidencial. Carta del Sr. Hostetter al Gral. Obregón en la que transcribe copia de un cable que recibió Chandler de su agente en Washington en donde le informan de las maniobras subversivas de Cantú en Baja California. Asunto en el que solicita el Gral. Obregón le expidan unas boletas de viaje en tren para él y su familia. Informe del Sr. Louis Hostetter al Gral. Obregón, comentando la situación política en Laredo y San Antonio, Tex., así como lo relativo a finanzas y petróleo. Exps. H-23 y H-10
Article published in the ST. LOUIS GLOBE DEMOCRAT entitled "El Cónsul mexicano de aquí confirma la noticia de haber recibido notificación para que desocupe sus oficinas" [Mexican consul in this city confirms the news of being dismissed and evicted from his office] concerning the expulsion of Col. Manuel Otón Ruiz Sandoval, Mexican consul in St. Louis, MO., from The United States as retaliation against him for his statements in favor of Mexico. Article entitled "El arzobispo Hanna ataca a México por la deportación del prelado" [Archbishop Hanna attacks Mexico because of the deportation of a Prelate]. Archbishop Edward J. Hanna from San Francisco made statements against the deportation of Mexican archbishop Carauna. Article entitled "El delegado apostólico niega enérgicamente los cargos que le hace México" [the Apostolic Delegate firmly denies the charges leveled against him by Mexico] Carauna's statements denying alleged charges of entering Mexico illegally. Article entitled "15 muertos debido a la caída de un tren mexicano en un cañón", [15 Dead after Mexican train derailed and fell into a canyon], which describes a train accident in Pachuca, Hidalgo. Article entitled "Los católicos le piden a Coolidge que le ponga un freno a México" [The Catholics are asking Coolidge to halt Mexico], which discuussed statements made at the Catholic Conference of National Welfare concerning their wish to make their open opinion about Gen. Plutarco Elías Calles' adopted measurements on religious matters, which eliminate all possibilites of freedom. Article entitled "La intranquilidad religiosa aumenta en México" [Religious nervousness increases in Mexico] about the rumors that American Priests would be expelled from Mexico. Article entitled "El Nuncio Apostólico expulsado en México visita St. Louis" [the expelled Clergy from Mexico visits St. Louis] about Caruana's arrival in Washington and his intentions no to cause an international conflict. Article entitled "México tendrá nuevas leyes sobre cuestiones religiosas" [Mexico will have new laws on religious matters] about the Secretary of the Interior new law that covers priests' activities. Article entitled "El Presidente Coolidge no ve motivo de protesta" about the arrests of Catholics in the Federal District and the refusal of the Knights of Columbus' request for an intervention in Mexico. / Artículo del periódico ST. LOUIS GLOBE DEMOCRAT intitulado "El Cónsul mexicano de aquí confirma la noticia de haber recibido notificación para que desocupe sus oficinas" en el que se informa que el Corl. Manuel Otón Ruiz Sandoval, Cónsul General de México en St. Louis, Mo. ha sido notificado para desalojar las oficinas que ocupa en ese estado de la Unión Americana como represalia a sus declaraciones hechas en favor de México; artículo intitulado"El arzobispo Hanna ataca a México por la deportación del prelado", declaraciones del arzobispo Edward J. Hanna de San Francisco en contra de la deportación del arzobispo Caruana de México; artículo intitulado "El delegado apostólico niega enérgicamente los cargos que le hace México", declaraciones de Caruana negando los cargos de haber ingresado a México por medios ilícitos; artículo intitulado "15 muertos debido a la caída de un tren mexicano en un cañón", en el que se informa de un accidente ferroviario en Pachuca, Hgo.; artículo intitulado "Los católicos le piden a Coolidge que le ponga un freno a México", conteniendo las declaraciones de la Conferencia Católica de Bienestar Nacional en el sentido de externar su preocupación por las medidas adoptadas por el Gral. PEC en materia religiosa, que destruyen todo vestigio de libertad; artículo intitulado "La intranquilidad religiosa aumenta en México", notificando rumores acerca de la próxima expulsión de sacerdotes americanos de México; artículo intitulado "El Nuncio Apostólico expulsado en México visita St. Louis", informando de la llegada de Caruana a Washington y sus propósitos de no provocar ningún conflicto internacional; artículo intitulado "México tendrá nuevas leyes sobre cuestiones religiosas", informando acerca de que el Secretario de Gobernación mexicano está preparando una nueva ley que abarque las actividades de los sacerdotes; artículo intitulado "El Presidente Coolidge no ve motivo de protesta", notificando sobre aprehensiones realizadas en el Distrito Federal contra católicos y negativa a la petición hecha por los Caballeros de Colón de una intervención en México.
Article entitled "México corre parejas con las antiguas persecusiones de Inglaterra" discussing a parallel situation between the suppression of the Catholic religion during Queen Elizabeth's reign and Gen. Plutarco Elías Calles' administration. Background information about these events are recorded in President Benito Juárez' administration, who established a legal framework to handle the relationships between the Catholic Church and the State since 1857. / Artículo intitulado "México corre parejas con las antiguas persecusiones de Inglaterra", en el que se establece un paralelismo entre la supresión del catolicismo durante el reinado de la reina Isabel y el gobierno del Gral. PEC. El antecedente de estas medidas se encuentra en el gobierno del Presidente Benito Juárez, quien delineó un marco legal en las relaciones iglesia-estado desde 1857.
In a joint maneuver between the Mexican and Colombian governments, on May 22, 2009, Professor Miguel Ángel Beltrán, who was conducting postdoctoral studies at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), was abducted. In a typical action of State terrorism and with the intention of reviving the dark Plan Condor, impelled by the dictatorships of the Southern Cone in the decades of 1970-1980 - which in Argentina has just been classified as "an illicit association for the disappearance of People" and fifteen of its members, including the former president-dictator Benito Bignone of Argentina, were sentenced to between twelve and twenty-five years, the regimes of Álvaro Uribe Vélez and Felipe Calderón proceeded to carry out that kidnapping.
The purpose of this text is to reflect on the university and its development in the commercial world, including direct experience as a university professor. It is part of understanding that the current form of existence of the university is not a providential event but is the product of the development of history within the framework of discourses of transnationalization of markets. In this order of ideas, this work takes a critical look at the role of the university in the knowledge society.
El manto de silencio que ha cubierto la revolución haitiana, no sólo ha ocluido la radical trascendencia de aquel proceso, sino que además, ha invisibilizado la tradición intelectual que emergió allí al calor de dicho acontecimiento. Este olvido resulta evidente cuando uno examina los estudios generales sobre la historia de las ideas en América Latina y en especial los que abordan el período de la independencia. Haití generalmente brilla por su ausencia y cuando se lo menciona, son escasísimas las referencias a la producción teórica-ideológica haitiana. Tal omisión es sumamente lamentable, porque impide tener una mirada más amplia de los debates político-intelectuales de aquella época. Y particularmente, porque fue en el Haití revolucionario donde surgieron las corrientes teóricas más radicales, largamente más críticas que las del resto de la región. Buscando subsanar esta miopía historiográfica, en este trabajo me propongo analizar brevemente la obra de Jean Louis Vastey (1781-1820) el más destacado de los intelectuales haitianos de dicho período. En tal sentido, mi intención es aportar a su redescubrimiento, subrayando su relevancia como un precursor del anti-colonialismo radical en la región. ; The mantle of silence that has covered the Haitian Revolution has both occluded the radical importance of the process, and the intellectual tradition that appeared in the island after its success. This omission is noticeable when one examines the studies on the history of ideas in Latin America and especially those dealing with the independence period. Haiti is generally absent, and when it's mentioned very few references are made to the intellectual currents in the island. This oblivion is extremely unfortunate because it has prevents us of having a more complete idea of the political and cultural debates of that time. And, particularly because it was in Haiti where the more radical intellectual currents appeared. Attempting to fill this historiographical vacancy, in this article I intend to briefly discuss the ideas of Jean Louis Vastey (1781-1820) the most prominent of Haitian intellectuals of that period. Only just recently studied in the English-speaking academia, it is still almost an absolute unknown in the Latin American context. In this regard, I intend to contribute to its rediscovery, underlining its importance as a pioneer of the radical anticolonial tradition of Latin America. ; Fil: Martinez Peria, Juan Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Instituto de Historia Argentina y Americana ; Argentina
Na década de 1940, arquitectos como Louis I. Kahn, juntamente com outros autores seus contemporâneos, introduziram no Movimento Moderno o tema da "monumentalidade" - expressão divergente da do modernismo funcionalista então estabelecido, o qual havia relegado a arquitectura doméstica para planos secundários. A partir do final da 2.a Guerra Mundial, no âmbito de um outro contexto sociopolítico, fica evidente que as bases do Movimento Moderno de pendor funcionalista eram insuficientes enquanto resposta e expressão da sociedade então emergente. O arquitecto Louis I. Kahn (que até então havia focado o seu empenho profissional predominantemente centrado no desenvolvimento de arquitectura residencial funcional) entende que este enquadramento conceptual e de vocabulário arquitectónico não permitia já a cabal expressão de ideias não apenas vinculadas à racionalidade, mas também ao empirismo e ao pragmatismo, que começavam a marcar o contexto teórico de revisionamento do Movimento Moderno. O reconhecimento destas novas circunstâncias fez com Kahn redireccionasse os seus esforços no sentido do desenvolvimento de projectos monumentais e institucionais - obras que acabariam por definir a trajectória projectual deste arquitecto, estabelecendo-o enquanto figura-chave para a História da Arquitectura Moderna. A valorização outorgada à sua carreira centra-se ainda, principalmente, sobre as obras de carácter institucional, educativo, governamental, religioso ou cultural, sendo dado particular protagonismo a edifícios que reúnam aspectos de "lugar de encontro" ou de cariz "monumental". Esta atenção para com projectos de maior escala não implicou, por parte de Kahn, a cessação do desenvolvimento de projectos domésticos - continuou a desenhar esta arquitectura ao mesmo tempo que consolidava uma linguagem própria para as suas obras monumentais. A perspectiva, quase exclusiva, que se centra na consubstanciação dos projectos de grande escala de Kahn, como se verifica comummente até à actualidade por parte da teoria e da crítica da arquitectura, tem limitado percepções mais amplas e plurais do trajecto profissional deste arquitecto, revelando antes uma evolução com múltiplos "saltos" de linguagem e sensibilidade - promovendo-se assim uma percepção fragmentada do percurso trilhado por Kahn ao longo da sua produção teórica e prática. Esta tese propõe estudar a Arquitectura Doméstica de Louis I. Kahn (1951-1974), a partir dos tempos que passou na "American Academy" em Roma, até à sua morte. O estudo põe a questão se se pode considerar os seus projectos domésticos como precursores da linguagem dos seus projectos de maior escala (monumentais e institucionais). A partir deste objectivo central, a dissertação explora as obras domésticas que "preenchem" os vazios da produção teórica e tectónica do arquitecto, com a intenção de se estabelecer um vínculo directo e precursor entre os projectos de menor escala e os de maior escala. Dá-se, assim, resposta à problemática transversal à dissertação, para além de se incrementar o reconhecimento da Arquitectura Doméstica deste autor através da análise crítica dos casos-de-estudo - revalorizando a arquitectura de pendor doméstico de Kahn como chaves para compreender o seu pensamento e percurso projectual. ; Abstract: In the decade of the 1940's, architects like Louis I. Kahn, along with other contemporaries, initiated the Modern Movement based on "monumentality", a divergent movement form the established functionalist modernism, that relegates residential architecture (that had achieved it maximum impetus during the prewar period) to occupy a second rank. Towards the end of World War II, confronted with a new social-political context, it became evident that the basis of the modern functionalist movement did not lend answers to the necessities of expression of the emerging society. Kahn, who had up to this time dedicated his career predominantly to the development of functional residential architecture, came to realize that this vocabulary was unable to express the transcendent ideas that the new context demanded. This realization caused Kahn to redirect his efforts towards monumental and institutional projects, projects that undoubtedly define his professional career as well as establish his importance as a key figure in the history of modern architecture. In this manner, the main focus, and consequently the value given to Kahn's works, centers upon projects of institutional, educational, governmental, religious or cultural character; giving particular relevance to projects that include aspects of "place of gathering" or are of "monumental" character. This focus towards large scale projects did not however imply the cease in the designing of domestic projects for the architect, whom continued to develop this architecture while formalizing the vocabulary used for his monumental works. The focus that has centered, almost exclusively, upon the developments of Kahn's large scale projects, as has been done up until now, limits a perception of his work as an evolution with multiple jumps in language and sensibilities, a fragmented perception of the evolution of this architect. In this context, this thesis proposes a study of the Domestic Architecture of Louis I. Kahn (1951-1974), encompassing Kahn's domestic projects from the beginning of his mature career, after his fellowship at the American Academy in Rome, until his death. The study proposes to explore if the domestic, smaller scale, projects of the architect can be considered precursors in the language of his large scale, monumental and institutional projects. With this objective, the study will distinguish the domestic projects that fill the voids of the theoretical and tectonic evolution of the architect, with the intent of establishing a direct and precursory link between these works and those of larger scale, and, in so doing, incrementing their visibility and recognition through the critical analysis of each project of this study, revaluing these works as key projects in the comprehension of the architect's evolution.
Situar la obra de un pensador en el contexto de su tiempo, elucidar sus relaciones alejándose del empirismo, en una palabra construir la inteligencia de su dominio, constituye un trabajo investigativo que por su estatuto se aparta del terreno de laideología.En ese sentido Althusser no piensa en la vida intima de Montesquieu ni cuenta sus pasiones o "su vida cotidiana como presidente del Parlamento". Su propósito es mostrar a ese pensador que "habla un lenguaje nuevo puesto que dice verdades nuevas" y elucidarlo en base a "reflexiones sobre los textos conocidos o reflexiones hechas".
In this article I propose a comprehensive reading of the first chapters of Louis Althusser's Montesquieu.La politique et l'histoire(1959), with the aim of pointing out the way in which the first mentions of Spinoza in Althusser's work are produced close to Montesquieu and to think about the critical sense of those mentions. I would like, firstly and in general terms, to emphasize on the importance, not always recognized, that Montesquieu had on Althusser's theoretical development.Secondly, to analize the meaning of the critical references to Spinoza that are present in this book, and to indicate the lines that would configure the conditions of possibility for the integration of Spinozism into Althusser's thought. ; En este artículo propongo una lectura de los primeros capítulos de Montesquieu. La politique et l'histoire (1959) de Louis Althusser con el fin de señalar el modo en el que las primeras menciones a Spinoza en la obra de Althusser se producen junto a Montesquieu y reflexionar sobre el sentido crítico de esas menciones. Con un estudio como este quisiera, primero y en general, señalar la importancia no siempre del todo reconocida que tuvo Montesquieu en el desarrollo teórico de Althusser. Segundo, analizar el significado de las alusiones críticas a Spinoza presente en este escrito. Y, tercero, indicar los trazos que configurarían las condiciones de posibilidad de la integración del spinozismo al pensamiento de Althusser.
Entre 1793 y 1794, durante el llamado «Gran Terror», los retratos de los «mártires revolucionarios» de Jacques-Louis David han desarticulado las bases de la pintura de historia al eliminar la narración y el espacio de la perspectiva tal y como habían sido concebidos desde el Renacimiento. Este artículo indaga en este proceso a través del entramado político, social y religioso que se puso en marcha durante la República jacobina. ; Entre 1793 i 1794, durant l'anomenat «Gran Terror», els retrats dels «màrtirs revolucionaris» de Jacques-Louis David van desarticular les bases de la pintura d'història en eliminar la narració i l'espai de la perspectiva tal com havien estat concebuts des del Renaixement. Aquest article indaga en aquest procés a través de l'entramat polític, social i religiós que es va engegar durant la República jacobina. ; During the so-called "Reign of Terror" from 1793 to 1794, the portraits of "revolutionary martyrs" by Jacques-Louis David dismantled the foundations of history painting, thus erasing the principles of pictorial narrative and perspective existing since the Renaissance. The purpose of this paper is to explore this process through the political, social and religious framework constructed during the Jacobin Republic.
