Die inneren Widersprüche nationalsozialistischer Kunstpolitik äußern sich besonders bei der Rezeption des Expressionismus, dessen Werke einerseits im Brennpunkt der Verfemung standen, andererseits für ideologische Richtungskämpfe innerhalb der NSDAP in Anspruch genommen wurden. Die kommentierte Quellenedition widmet sich der historischen Analyse dieser Widersprüche.
This essay aims at reconstructing those intellectual and personal events which led Carl Schmitt in Germany and Giovanni Gentile in Italy to initially adhere to Fascism and National Socialism. These elements are usefull to understand the main reasons of their participation in the regimes and especially their subsequent estrangement from their political life. Indeed, both Gentile and Schmitt were branded as unorthodox authors and therefore as enemies of the State itself; because of their political theories, they underwent numerous attacks from the intransigent fringes, until they were placed on the margins of that State which they had deeply contributed to build.
L'articolo si propone di analizzare le premesse e le vicende politiche ed ideologiche dell'Alte Sozialdemokratische Partei (ASP) nel momento più significativo della sua esistenza, tra il 1926 e il 1928. L'analisi prende le mosse da un'ampia ricognizione all'interno della stampa dell'epoca e dall'analisi dei contributi di carattere teorico comparsi su "Volksstaat", organo del partito. L'attenzione dell'articolo si sofferma in particolare su quel peculiare progetto di "socialismo nazionale", che tentò di conciliare socialismo, approvazione dello Stato e nazionalismo, elaborato dall'ASP con il fondamentale contributo di Ernst Niekisch. ; The article aims to analyze the conditions and the political and ideological events of the Alte Sozialdemokratische Partei (ASP) in the most significant moment of its existence, i.e. between 1926 and 1928. The analysis builds on an extensive examination of the contemporary press and of the theoretical contributions appeared on "Volksstaat", the party organ. The article focuses particularly on that special project of "national socialism", which attempted to reconcile socialism, State approval and nationalism and was developed by the ASP with Ernst Niekisch's fundamental contribution.
This book aims to retrace the main features of the twenty-year history of the Italian fascist regime and examine its impact on Italian society. After an introductory chapter on the origins of Italian fascism and the march on Rome, the volume deals with the following topics. A) the establishment and consolidation of Mussolini's dictatorship in the 1920s. B) the further evolution in the 1930s of an authoritarian regime vocated to totalitarianism. C) the nature, the limits, the decline of the Italians' consent to Mussolini's regime. D) the myth of the «new man» and the plans for an integral fascistization especially of youth. E) the relations between Mussolini and the Holy See. F) the evolution of Mussolini's foreign policy up until the Italo-Ethiopian conflict and the Italian military intervention in the Spanish civil war. G) the Axis with Hitler and Mussolini's racial and anti-Semitic policies. H) Italy' intervention in World War Two, its military defeats and the collapse of the regime certified by the Grand Council at its last meeting on July 24th-25th, 1943.
"Heimat" as a theme of architecture is a topos of the beginning of the twentieth century: reform movements turned against conditions and forms of industrialization as well as against the destruction of landscapes, village and city images. The time "around 1800" and rural building became examples of a new building in simple pre-industrial forms. The concepts of the home movement were followed in national socialism under a völkisch-ideologische Vorzeichen, regional building tradition is mediated in the sense of simplified patterns as exemplary. The volume offers contributions from 16 authors to the critiques "Criticism of Industrialization", "Landscape and Building Tradition", "Good Design for Technology" and "The Ideal of Preindustrial Aesthetics" as well as corresponding text excerpts from historical sources. --
