Suchergebnisse

In the past two decades, cyber-space became the new, 'fifth battlefield' in the field of international relations. Decision-makers and scholars agree that the major threat to national security of every state today is cyber-war, cyber-terror and cyber-crime. This is due to the lack of inter-state institutional and legal framework for cyber-space. Thus, the inter-state relations in cyber-space is one of classical Hobbesian anarchy. This article examines: 1. the essence and nature of cyber-space and its relation to international society, in the context of world technological domination that makes anarchy possible; 2. the main aspects of anarchy in cyber-space during the past two decades; 3. the possibility of institutionalization of international legal system (through multilateral treaty) in cyber-space, from the perspective of three distinct IR theoretical traditions: Hobbesian, rationalist and Kantian/moral. Adapted from the source document.

Germany's security dilemma is to fulfill the larger role in Europe & global security that is expected after reunification, while not rekindling a sense of threat, particularly among neighbors to the East. Opinion surveys of Germans & Central/East Europeans reveal substantial difficulties if Germany were to become more assertive. Changes in German behavior & constitutional interpretation suggest a maturation or "normalization" of German foreign policy. Thus far, these changes have emphasized traditional forms of diplomacy & alliance behavior focused on using the enlarged capacities of a reunited Germany that more directly pursue German interests. Alternative ways by which to perform a larger security role are discussed, particularly in light of data regarding the mutual perceptions of Germans among neighboring peoples & leaders. Adapted from the source document.

The author analyzes the latest dimensions of security in the territory of the former Yugoslavia stemming from the Dayton & Paris accords. His starting point is the geographical criterion that produces five trouble spots that could jeopardize the process of security building. He concludes that only a determined application of political, diplomatic, & economic pressures, as well as military presence, may bring about a new dimension of security in southeastern Europe. He then reviews analyses of the disintegration of Yugoslavia & the creation of new states in this part of Europe, as well as of the concepts & schemes for a certain degree of linkage, the most prominent being the American initiative for cooperation in Southeast Europe. It is obvious that this region will go on being viewed through different lenses & that the interests of the observers, more than those of the peoples living in this part of Europe, will gain precedence. Adapted from the source document.