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2021 marks the 100th anniversary of The Newbolt Report, the first official report about English, in spirit a liberal document, arguing for an emancipatory English. Since 1870 The School Subject of English [SSE] has experienced several historical phases. One phase [1980-92] is presented as a period of 'harmonious practice', arguing that it offers a positive view of a future in which SSE and its teachers are at one. SSE is a democratic and emancipatory project, its boundaries constantly expanding to reflect societal change, the needs of its students and a belief in social justice. In the current 'panopticon' phase this emancipatory ambition is performatively diminished. The current dominance of 'The English Literary Heritage' and terminal examinations are stultifying teachers. This overview seeks to trace historical developments, considering ways to recapture the spirit of Newbolt but in a 21st century model of English, we are ready for a new phase.

"The greater part of the twelve essays" delivered as "lectures of the Professor of Poetry at the Royal Society of Literature."--Pref. ; What is poetry?--Poetry and rhythm.--Poetry and personality. --Poetry and politics.--The poets and their friends. --Chaucer.--The approach to Shakespeare.--John Milton. --British ballads.--Futurism and form in poetry. --Poetry and education.--The poet and his audience. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Context Thousands of captive white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) breeding facilities exist across North America for the purpose of producing trophy-class deer (i.e. exceptionally large-antlered). Many of these deer get marketed to private landowners, with the expectation that introduced deer will enhance genetics in the population, resulting in larger-antlered male deer. Previous research suggests that survival and reproductive success of translocated wild white-tailed deer are highly variable; however, little is known about the fate of white-tailed deer translocated from captive-breeding operations. Aims To assess the efficacy of translocating captive female white-tailed deer for the purpose of increasing average antler size within a high-fence property. Methods We translocated 24 adult female deer into a private, 300-ha high-fence shooting preserve in east-central Alabama over a 3-year period. We monitored survival, reproductive success, and fawn recruitment for the translocated deer by using VHF radio collars and vaginal-implant transmitters (VITs). Key results We found a 12-month survival rate of 0.54 for translocated deer. We captured nine fawns throughout our study, leading to a rate of 0.9 fawns per VIT, after accounting for doe mortality and premature VIT expulsion. We found 60-day and 6-month fawn survival rates of 0.33 and 0.22 respectively. Conclusions Survival of translocated captive deer was comparable to rates reported in previous studies that translocated wild deer, although lower than what is found in wild populations that undergo no translocation. Translocated does produced a low number of fawns relative to the national average, although fawn recruitment was within the range of survival rates reported in studies of wild deer. Implications We believe our findings provide a baseline of expectations for captive-deer translocations. Given our results, we believe it is infeasible to expect increased average antler size within this study site by translocating adult female white-tailed deer.

(Statement of Responsibility) Henry Newbolt ; illustrations by Gordon Browne. ; Date of publication on t.p. verso. ; Illustrated title page printed in red and black. ; Publisher's catalogue follows text.

Context Use of camera trap data in wildlife research is reliant on accurate classification of animals at the species, sex–age category or individual level. One such example is white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) camera surveys, which are often conducted to produce demographic estimates used by managers to establish harvest goals for a population. Previous research suggests that misclassification of deer by sex–age category (e.g. adult male, adult female, fawn) is common in these surveys, and represents a source of bias that could misinform important management decisions. Aim To examine whether training material has an effect on classification accuracy of white-tailed deer and explore other observer-based, experiential factors as they relate to classification accuracy. Methods We developed and tested the efficacy of species-specific training material designed to reduce sex–age misclassifications associated with white-tailed deer images. Key results Exposure to training material resulted in the greatest improvement in classification accuracy of deer images compared with any other respondent-based factors we investigated. Other factors, such as professional experience as a wildlife biologist, field experience viewing white-tailed deer and experience viewing deer images from camera traps, were positively associated with classification accuracy of deer images. Conclusions Our findings suggest that training material has the ability to reduce misclassifications, leading to more accurate demographic estimates for white-tailed deer populations. We also found that prior experience using camera traps and familiarity with target species was positively related to classification accuracy. Implications Species-specific training material would provide a valuable resource to wildlife managers tasked with classifying animals at the species, sex–age category or individual level.

Includes index. ; Electronic reproduction. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; 44

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of figures -- Acknowledgements -- Abbreviations -- List of contributors -- Introduction: engaging the crusades -- 1 The crusades: nineteenth-century readers' perspectives -- 2 Creating chivalrous imperial crusaders: the crusades in juvenile literature from Scott to Newbolt, 1825-1917 -- 3 'May God punish England!': pseudo-crusading language and Holy War motifs in postcards of the First World War -- 4 'Unity! Unity between all the inhabitants of our lands!': the memory and legacy of the crusades and Saladin in the Near East, c.1880 to c.1925 -- 5 The dead, the revived and the recreated pasts: 'structural amnesia' in representations of crusade history -- Index.

chapter Introduction: engaging the crusades JONAT H AN PHILLI PS AND MIK E HORSW ELL -- chapter 1 The crusades: nineteenth-century readers' perspectives ELI Z A BETH SIBERRY -- chapter 2 Creating chivalrous imperial crusaders: the crusades in juvenile literature from Scott to Newbolt, 1825-1917 MIK E HORSW ELL -- chapter 3 'May God punish England!': pseudo-crusading language and Holy War motifs in postcards of the First World War FELI X HI NZ -- chapter 4 'Unity! Unity between all the inhabitants of our lands!': the memory and legacy of the crusades and Saladin in the Near East, c.1880 to c.1925 JONATH A N PHILLI PS -- chapter 5 The dead, the revived and the recreated pasts: 'structural amnesia' in representations of crusade history K RISTI N SKOT TK I.

The first chapter of this study deals with the theory of masculinity from its emergence as a concept to its development as a theory of social studies. The ideas developed by prominent critics on the subject of gender and in particular masculinity are reviewed through the explanation of the terms and concepts regarding the theory. The interrelations among military, war, and masculinity are further elaborated. Specifically the concept of "hegemonic masculinity" put forth by sociologist R. W. Connell is explained. The second chapter covers the First World War in historical, cultural, literary, and gendered perspectives. The third chapter examines the propaganda poems written in support of the war effort. Poems of Henry Newbolt and Jessie Pope are given specific focus in regard to their description of men and masculinities conforming to the official war discourse of the government. The fourth chapter analyzes the trench poems written in protest against the rhetoric of the war propaganda. With a general overview of trench poetry, the poems of Wilfred Owen and Siegfried Sassoon are examined in regard to their portrayal of the fighting men. Challenging the general assumptions about the men and male characteristics, the poems of Sassoon and Owen give voice and image to the men in crisis, thus, representing the marginal, non-hegemonic masculinities. This study aims to explore the representations of masculinities in the poetry of the First World War, by use of theories of masculinity. By examining the differing and different representations of men and masculinities in different contexts, this study tries to reveal the constructed and arbitrary disposition of gender conceptions. ; Bu çalışmanın ilk bölümü bir kavram olarak ortaya çıkışından bir sosyolojik teori olarak gelişimine doğru Erkeklik (Erillik) Çalışmalarını ele alır. Önde gelen eleştirmenlerin cinsiyet ve özellikle erkeklik (erillik) konusu üzerinde geliştirmiş oldukları fikirler teori bağlamında kullanılan kavramlar ve terimler aracılığıyla açıklanmaktadır. Ordu, savaş ve erkeklik (erillik) arasındaki ilişki de detaylı olarak ele alınmaktadır. Özellikle R. W. Connell tarafından ortaya atılan "hegemonik (baskın) erkeklik (erillik) teorisi üzerinde durulmaktadır. İkinci kısım Birinci Dünya Savaşı'nı tarihsel, politik, kültürel açıdan ve cinsiyete olan etkileri yönünden ele almaktadır. Üçüncü kısım savaşı destekler nitelikte kaleme alınmış propaganda şiirlerini inceleyecektir. Özellikle Henry Newbolt ve Jessie Pope'un şiirleri erkeklik (erillik) temsilleri yönünden savaş retoriğini tekrarlamaktadır. Dördüncü kısım bu retoriğe tepki olarak yazılmış siper şiirlerini (trench poetry) incelemektedir. Siper şiirlerine genel bir bakıştan sonra Siegfried Sassoon ve Wilfred Owen'ın şiirleri savaşan erkeklerin temsili bakımından daha detaylı analiz edilmektedir. Sassoon ve Owen'ın şiirleri erkeklik ve erillik hakkında söylenen genel geçer yargıları sorgular ve bunalımdaki erkeklere ses ve görüntü kazandırmıştır. Sonuç olarak bu şiirler baskın erkek imgelerine meydan okuyarak marjinal (hegemonik olmayan) erkeklik (erillik) temsillerine yer vermişlerdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı erkeklik çalışmalarının kavram ve düşüncelerinden faydalanarak Birinci Dünya Savaşı şiirlerindeki erkeklik (erillik) temsillerini incelemektir. Bu çalışma farklı bağlamlarda farklılık gösteren ve değişime uğrayan erkeklik ve erillik temsillerini ineleyerek cinsiyet kavramlarının keyfi olarak ve yapay bir şekilde oluşturulduğunu göstermeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Cricket is perhaps the quintessential English game, evoking images of green fields and dreaming spires. ?No other game?, writes Hughes, ?captures the peace and tranquillity of an English summer afternoon quite like cricket.? [1] Just as cricket speaks of England at peace, so too, perhaps because of Newbolt?s much-quoted ?Vitai Lampada?, was it bound up with England and the way she saw herself at war. Inevitably when war descended upon England and her colonies, cricketers rallied and were rallied to the ranks. And wherever the fight took them, cricket went too. The Duke of Wellington watched his guards playing cricket at Enghien a few days before Waterloo and on the day after the battle of Chernaya in the Crimea a match was played between the Guards division and the ?Leg of Mutton Club?, a team of officers from other regiments. [2] The Anglo-Boer War of 1899 /1902 was no different. Former teammates were forced onto opposing sides and some fine cricketers were killed. Yet on more than one occasion it was the game of cricket that crossed the conventional boundaries of politics and warfare. It is no surprise, then, that with the conflict coming at a time when cricket had already established itself within the colonies of Southern Africa, cricket and war should become inexorably linked.