Suchergebnisse

Rodrigo Galhardi Gasparini,1 Ligia Yukie Sassaki,2 Rogerio Saad-Hossne3 1Department of Digestive Surgery and Gastroenterology, Sete Specialized Medical Center, Marília, Brazil; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School at Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil; 3Department of Surgery, Botucatu Medical School at Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil Purpose: This study aimed to estimate the incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in São Paulo, Brazil, for 2012–2015. Patients and methods: This observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study included 22,638 IBD patients out of 43,046,555 inhabitants, who had initiated their treatment through the Governmental Program of the Brazilian Unified National Health System between the years of 2012 and 2015. The onset of the disease (used to determine incidence) was established as the date of the patient's initial registration in the Governmental Program with a diagnosis for Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC). Every patient registered in the system as of December 2015 was included in determining the prevalence. The demographic and clinical data, such as age and sex, were collected for each patient. Statistical analysis included mean and SD, absolute and percentage frequencies, and Pearson's chi-squared test (X²). The incidence and prevalence rates were calculated based on the estimated annual population of the State of São Paulo. Results: The study population consisted of 10,451 (46.16%) CD patients and 12,187 (53.84%) UC patients. The mean age was 42.66 (SD±16.2) years for the CD group and 47.87 (SD±16.6) years for the UC group. There was a predominance of females corresponding to 59.70% of the study population (female:male =1.48:1.00; P<0.0001). The incidence of IBD was 13.30 new cases/100,000 inhabitants per year, while the overall prevalence was 52.6 cases/100,000 inhabitants. Conclusion: This population-based study demonstrated a stability in IBD incidence rates and an increase in IBD prevalence rates in São Paulo state between 2012 and 2015. The IBD incidence and prevalence rates were comparable to European countries, with a higher occurrence in the female participants. Keywords: inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, epidemiology, incidence, prevalence

"The field of infectious disease epidemiology has been front-and-center for the past few years. With the COVID-19 pandemic, an opportunity arose to provide "armchair epidemiologists" with a deeper understanding of the population-level impacts of infectious diseases, and the tools available to control them. This field has its own unique culture and set of tools and rules. We will utilize a whole new vocabulary in this book, from how to consider transmission-with the idea of a disease reproductive rate-to how disease is dispersed or clustered, and to how to design a study. As the reader will see, infectious disease epidemiologists seek to learn who is sick, why they are sick, and when and where they became sick"--