Suchergebnisse

In recent decades, the rediscovery of historical ethnography in western historiography has produced an extensive literature on "popular Christianity" in many European societies. Until recently, however, this historiographical current has exercised very limited influence on historical study in the former Soviet Union. In one sense, Russian historians had no need for such influence; the populist tradition in Russian historiography and its continuation in marxist-leninist attire meant that the study of popular attitudes and beliefs was hardly the novelty it was in other countries in recent decades.

Abstract In the on‐going sociological debate over rural‐urban differences, rural conflict over natural resources is often attributed to environmental attitudes of new residents from urban areas. An alternative hypothesis is that new residents provide not new attitudes, but a new voice for attitudes already held by many local residents. Data from a survey of residents of communities near two national forests show little support for the hypothesis that residential status affects forest management attitudes, dissatisfaction, or action. The findings support the "new‐voice" thesis and show that it is often a female voice.

The Internets characteristics as a democratizing force have been highlighted since its emergence. Our view of these characteristics has now changed. Many promises did not live up to their expectations, the media landscape faces difficult changes and the power of Internet companies is rising. Instead of strengthening the democracy, these developments have led to a weakening of democratic structures.This paper gives an insight into the characteristics of the Internet as a democratizing force, the downsides of these characteristics and further challenges democracy faces in our digitalized world. It concludes with possibilities for democratic societies. ; Refereed/Peer-reviewed ; (VLID)5204488

Abstract
Successful social interactions rely on flexibly tracking and revising others' beliefs. These can be revised prospectively, new events leading to new beliefs, or retrospectively, when realizing that an attribution may have been incorrect. However, whether infants are capable of such belief revisions is an open question. We tested whether 18-month-olds can revise an attributed FB into a TB when they learn that a person may have witnessed an event that they initially thought she could not see. Infants first observed Experimenter 1 (E1) hiding two objects into two boxes. Then E1 left the room, and the locations of the objects were swapped. Infants then accompanied Experimenter 2 (E2) to the adjacent room. In the FB-revised-to-TB condition, infants observed E1 peeking into the experimental room through a one-way mirror, whereas in the FB-stays-FB condition, they observed E1 reading a book. After returning to the experimental room E1 requested an object by pointing to one of the boxes. In the FB-stays-FB condition, most infants chose the non-referred box, congruently with the agent's FB. However, in the FB-revised-to-TB condition, most infants chose the other, referred box. Thus, 18-month-olds revised an already attributed FB after receiving evidence that this attribution might have been wrong.

Part I. Historiography and sources: Trends in studying the history of Old Belief among Russian scholars / Nikolai N. Pokrovskii -- Past and current interpretations of Old Belief / Robert O. Crummey -- Sources, bibliography, and historiography of Old Belief during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries: system and structure / Edward Kasinec and Irina V. Pozdeeva ; Part II. Old Belief's place in Russian social and economic history: The silver age of Russia's Old Belief, 1905-17 / Irina V. Pozdeeva -- The work ethic of Russian Old Believers and spiritual Christians / Aleksandr I. Klibanov -- Old Belief and worldly performance: socioeconomic and sociocultural aspects of the Raskol in early industrial Russia / Manfred Hildermeier -- Some observations on the social history of Old Belief during the seventeenth century / Georg B. Michels -- Part III. Old belief's relations with Orthodox church and state: Peasant antimonarchism and uprisings in Siberia during the eighteenth century / Natal'ia S. Gur'ianova -- Old Belief under surveillance during the reign of Alexander I / Robert L. Nichols -- Priestly old belief in the early twentieth century: the conversion of archbishop Nikola (Pozdnev) of Saratov and the creation of a new Old Believer hierarchy / J. Eugene Clay -- Part IV. Old believer culture: Text of oOd Belief's founding fathers: their archival transmission and preservation / Natal'ia S. Demkova -- Deacon Aleksandr in search of the 'Genuine truth of god' / Andrei I. Pliguzov -- The Old Believer press, 1905-17 / Roy R. Robson -- Russian Old Believers in the mirror of comparative history / Donald W. Treadgold