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現代信息技術,以其多元、快速的優勢使人們對中國的民主抱以樂觀的態度。公民參與是一個健康的民主制度的核心要素,如何促進公民的政治參與一直是政治參與研究領域的焦點問題。在互聯網時代,尤其是社交媒體的出現,其廉價、方便、互動性的技術優勢大大增加了政治參與的可行性。大學學生是"互聯網一代"和中國知識分子的代表。因此,了解他們的社會媒體使用行為如何影響其政治知識、政治感知和政治行為、對於認識未來中國的政治變革是重要的。本研究提出"社交媒體使用"及"在線新聞使用"兩個概念,並以此視作政治參與和民主實踐研究範疇下的新討論焦點。 ; 本研究主要探討以下問題:(1)大學生通過何種渠道在線獲取新聞;(2)大學生使用不同的媒體平台獲取新聞的情況如何;(3)在線新聞使用同傳統新聞媒體使用之間的關係如何;(4)計算機能力,互聯網自我效能感,在線和離線新聞使用,社交媒體使用,政治知識,政治效能,政治信任和政治參與等核心變量之間的關係; 以及(5)計算機能力,互聯網自我效能感,在線和離線新聞使用,社交媒體使用之於政治知識、政治感知和政治參與的相對重要性。 ; 本研究採用定量的研究方法。研究的主體是對中國大陸在校大學本科及研究生進行問卷調查;調查前,焦點小組輔助研究結構建立與問卷設計。問卷調查採用多階層整群抽樣的方法,在北京抽取了兩所"elite工程"大學,在長春及杭州各抽取一所非"elite工程"大學的學生參與,樣本數量為624人。研究結果顯示,當中97.4% 的受訪者均使用互聯網獲取新聞。因子分析結果顯示,中國內地大學生主要經由三種信息渠道在線獲取新聞,分別是海外新聞渠道、社交媒體渠道,以及官方新聞渠道。不同信息渠道的使用者其政治常識、政治效能和政治信任亦有所區別。同時,本研究還發現傳統新聞同網絡新聞的使用之間存在互補的關係。 ; 研究結果顯示,人口學變量超越社交媒體和在線新聞使用兩個變量對中國內地大學生的政治認知及政治知識的形成發揮最重要的作用。研究還發現社交媒體和在線新聞在促進線上和線下政治參與方面具有很大潛力。結論部分將詳述本研究的貢獻與實踐意義。 ; Citizen participation is a core element of a healthy democracy, and what facilitates citizens' political activities has long been a central interest in political participation research. In the age of the Internet, especially with the appearance of social media, political participation is greatly facilitated by technology that makes information inexpensive, accessible, and interactive. Modern information technology, with its pluralism and fast speed, has made people optimistic about democracy. University students represent the Net generation and intellectuals in China; therefore, understanding how their social media use affects political knowledge, perception, and participation is valuable, to bring political change to China in the future. ; Expanding the line of previous research, this study aims to address the question of the democratic implications of social media use and online news seeking from the vantage point of how individuals seek news online and how such use may be related to several key indications of individuals' engagement in political life as citizens. Specifically, this study examines (a) the sources through which university students ...

当今,越来越多的用倾向于使用论坛、博客、脸书等在线工具来表达关于商品、电影和政治等话题的观点。这些观点不仅可以帮助用进行决策,同时也为各个商业和社会领域提供了具有重要价值的反馈信息。因此,面向观点应用成为了当前最活跃的研究领域之一,其中包括观点检索,观点摘要,观点问答。面向观点应用与面向事实应用的根本区别是信息需求的不同,分别是传统的客观信息和主观信息。所谓主观信息是指对于某个特定目标的观点或评论。为了表示主观信息,应该综合考虑观点性、主题相关性,以及观点与主题之间的关联。现有的基于词袋的表示方法将词作为描述客观信息的基本语义单元,它可以有效的表示主题相关性以满足客观信息的需求。而主观信息需要同时考虑观点性和主题相关性,由于单独一个词不能同时表示观点性和相关性,因此词不再是最小的语义单位。此外,基于词袋的表示方法忽略了词序和词义,这使得观点性和相关性两类信息通常混在一起,难以区分。因此,基于词袋方法不能够准确的表示主观信息,并严重的影响了面向观点应用的性能。 ; 本文回答了以下几个由主观信息表示不当所引发的研究问题: 1. 对于主观信息而言单个词将不再是基本语义单元,是否存在一种有效的表示方法对其进行描述? 2. 由于主观信息是观点信息和相关性信息的结合,如何利用新的表示方法来描述这二者之间的关联信息?3. 如何对主观信息进行量化,以便对文档进行检索和分析? 4. 如何在面向观点应用中实现全新的主观信息表示方法? ; 由于观点检索的结果会直接影响到其它面向观点应用的性能,因此本文从观点检索这一问题入手。首先,我们提出了一种基于句子的方法来分析词袋表示方法的局限性。以此为据,定义了一种具有丰富语义的表达方式来表示主观信息,即词对,它是由出现在同一句子中的情感词和与之关联的目标词共同组成的。然后,我们提出了一系列方法来描述和获取两类语境信息:1)观点内信息:我们给出了三种提取词对的方法以获取观点与主题的关联信息;2)观点间信息:我们提出了一种权重计算方法来度量词对间的相关程度,从而获取词对与词对之间的关系。最后,我们集成了观点内信息和观点间信息并提出了潜在情感关联模型来解决观点检索这一问题。在标准数据集上的实验结果表明,基于词对的表示方法可以有效地描述主观信息,同时潜在情感关联模型能够获取词与词之间的关联信息,从而实现了利用语境信息提高观点检索的效果。 ; 此外,我们将词对应用于观点摘要和观点问答中,标准数据集上的评测结果显示基于词对的主观信息表示方法对于其它面向观点应用也同样有效。 ; There is a growing interest for users to express their opinions about products, films, politics, by using on-line tools such as forums, blogs, facebooks, etc. These opinions cannot only help users make decisions, e.g., whether to buy a product, but also to ob-tain valuable feedback for business and social events. Today, research on opin-ion-oriented applications (OOAs) including opinion retrieval, opinion summarization and opinion question and answering is attracting much attention. The difference be-tween fact-based and opinion-oriented applications lies in users' information need. The former requires objective information and the latter subjective, which comprises of opinions or comments expressed on a specific target. To meet the need of subjective information, both opinionatedness and relevance together with the association between them should be taken into account. Existing systems represent documents in bag-of-word. However, this representation fails to distinguish ...

Chen, Xijun. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 72-77). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Design Challenges --- p.2 ; Chapter 1.2 --- Wireless Sensor Network Applications --- p.6 ; Chapter 1.2.1 --- Military Applications --- p.7 ; Chapter 1.2.2 --- Environmental Applications --- p.9 ; Chapter 1.2.3 --- Health Applications --- p.11 ; Chapter 1.3 --- Wireless Biomedical Sensor Networks (WBSN) --- p.12 ; Chapter 1.4 --- Text Organization --- p.13 ; Chapter Chapter 2 --- Design a Wearable Platform for Wireless Biomedical Sensor Networks --- p.15 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Objective --- p.17 ; Chapter 2.2 --- Requirements for Wireless Medical Sensors --- p.19 ; Chapter 2.3 --- Hardware design --- p.21 ; Chapter 2.3.1 --- Materials and Methods --- p.21 ; Chapter 2.3.2 --- Results --- p.24 ; Chapter 2.3.3 --- Conclusion --- p.27 ; Chapter 2.4 --- Software design --- p.28 ; Chapter 2.4.1 --- TinyOS --- p.28 ; Chapter 2.4.2 --- Software Organization --- p.28 ; Chapter Chapter 3 --- Wireless Medical Sensors --- p.32 ; Chapter 3.1 --- Sensing Physiological Information --- p.32 ; Chapter 3.1.1 --- Pulse Oximetry --- p.32 ; Chapter 3.1.2 --- Electrocardiograph --- p.36 ; Chapter 3.1.3 --- Galvanic Skin Response --- p.41 ; Chapter 3.2 --- Location Tracking --- p.43 ; Chapter 3.2.1 --- Outdoor Location Tracking --- p.43 ; Chapter 3.2.2 --- Indoor Location Tracking --- p.44 ; Chapter 3.3 --- Motion Tracking --- p.49 ; Chapter 3.3.1 --- Technology --- p.50 ; Chapter 3.3.2 --- Motion Analysis Sensor Board --- p.51 ; Chapter 3.4 --- Discussions --- p.52 ; Chapter Chapter 4 --- Applications in Medical Care --- p.54 ; Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.54 ; Chapter 4.2 --- Wearable Wireless Body Area Network --- p.56 ; Chapter 4.2.1 --- Architecture --- p.58 ; Chapter 4.2.2 --- Deployment Scenarios --- p.62 ; Chapter 4.3 --- Application in Ambulatory Setting --- p.63 ; Chapter 4.3.1 --- Method --- p.64 ...

Wong Lai Fong Yvonne. ; Thesis submitted in: July 2005. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; ABSTRACT --- p.ii ; ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.iv ; TABLE OF CONTENT --- p.v ; Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION ; Chapter 1.1 --- Motivation --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.2 --- Common explanations of economic success --- p.2 ; Chapter i) --- Explanation from Neoclassical Economic Perspectives --- p.3 ; Chapter ii) --- Explanation from the Statist Perspective --- p.5 ; Chapter iii) --- Limitations of Neoclassical and Statist Perspectives --- p.7 ; Chapter iv) --- Importance of the interorganizational relationships perspective --- p.10 ; Chapter 1.3 --- The Research --- p.11 ; Chapter i) --- The choice of studying the software industry --- p.11 ; Chapter ii) --- Research questions and significance --- p.12 ; Chapter 1.4 --- Thesis Layout --- p.13 ; Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- LITERATURE REVIEW: THE STUDY OF INTERORGANIZATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS AND THEIR IMPORTANCE TO THE IT INDUSTRY ; Chapter 2.1 --- Importance of Social Networks --- p.15 ; Chapter 2.2 --- Theories in the Network Approach I - Social Embeddedness: The Fundamental Building Block of the Network Approach --- p.17 ; Chapter 2.3 --- Theories in the Network Approach II - The Social Network Approach --- p.20 ; Chapter 2.4 --- Theories in Network Approach III - Factors affecting the formation of networks --- p.22 ; Chapter i) --- Prior ties or pre-existing network --- p.22 ; Chapter ii) --- Expectations from social networks --- p.23 ; Chapter iii) --- Incentive schemes by government - industry promotion schemes nurturing public-private or private-private partnership --- p.26 ; Chapter iv) --- IT clusters --- p.29 ; Chapter 2.5 --- Theories in Network Approach IV ´ؤ Interorganizational Alliances and Social Capital --- p.31 ; Chapter i) --- Interorganizational alliances and organizational outcomes --- p.31 ; Chapter ii) --- Enhanced performance through social capital --- p.33 ; Chapter 2.6 ...