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The category of the system of government in Poland requires reference to 'the governance style' of the right, and to the tendency that has appeared in international politics in recent years to call it populist nationalism. The objective of this paper is to show that in the case of Poland after 2015, the thesis of the retreat of democracy has no factual grounds, and it can be countered through the use of evidence. The system of government in Poland after the Law and Justice party came to power cannot be described as a contradiction to democracy. Citizens are not being manipulated and deceived. They are aware of the content of decisions made by the executive branch. The opposition is able to act freely, and it is supported by independent private media. There are many veto points in the political system. The government can count on public support that is stronger than that of the governments from the period before 2015.

artykuł w: Wschód Europy : studia humanistyczno-społeczne Vol. 6, Nr 1 (2020), s. 91-111 ; streszcz. ang., pol., ros. ; artykuł w: Wschód Europy : studia humanistyczno-społeczne Vol. 6, Nr 1 (2020), s. 91-111 ; streszcz. ang., pol., ros.

Der Artikel gibt anhand von Dokumenten die aufgezeichneten Gespräche zwischen dem schottischen Historiker Robert William Seton-Watson und den ungarischen Politikern der Oppositionsparteien in der Tschechoslowakei 1923 wider. Die ungarischen Politiker beschreiben die prekäre Lage der ungarischen Minderheit in der Tschechoslowakei, um dadurch Seton-Watson dahingehend zu beeinflussen, daß er in seinem, sich in Vorbereitung befindlichen Buch "Die neue Slowakei" diese Lage darstellt. (SOI-Gal)

The political opposition in Poland, its place and role in the political system of the Polish state are analyzed in the article. Promiscuous nature of the political opposition, the reasons for its occurrence, the value of «Solidarity» for Polish society are presented. The author analyzed internal and external conditions that led to the strengthening of the opposition in Poland in the analyzed period. ; The political opposition in Poland, its place and role in the political system of the Polish state are analyzed in the article. Promiscuous nature of the political opposition, the reasons for its occurrence, the value of «Solidarity» for Polish society are presented. The author analyzed internal and external conditions that led to the strengthening of the opposition in Poland in the analyzed period.