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1 documento en PDF de 5 páginas ; The Administrative law enjoys certain "philosophy", which is summarized in "a set of knowledge—reasoned, arranged in a logical harmonic synthesis, in which they are linked and illustrated between yes—of the Administrative law by his beginning and foundations acquired with the natural light of the reason". In addition, it is so the science of the Administrative law, "it deals preferably it is the same, while his philosophy takes us after his last one and the last one , being applicable to the classic definition Aristotelian: ". The Colombian Administrative law, as branch autonomy, begins to appear with the Letter of 1886, which I spend of the federal system a centralist system or of centralism politic and decentralization administrative officer. In the PRC, based on its Constitution, the administrative procedural law was issued in order to ensure an adequate procedure for the purpose of processing to the appropriate authorities, the rights and obligations of citizens under appropriate principles under current standards.

"Habana 22 de mayo de 1885." ; This "bando" declares an "estado de sitio" in the province of Santiago de Cuba, specifies that individuals who fail to support the government will be considered hostiles, states that rebels will be tried under martial law, and indicates conditions of amnesty for all but the leaders of the rebellious forces. ; Ownership ink-stamp near upper-left corner: Comandancia Militar del Distrito de Bejucal.

A Escola Nacional da Magistratura da Venezuela (ENM) é um órgão administrativo judiciário localizado em Caracas, com compêtencia nacional. Para cumprir sua missão, debe usar tecnologias de informação e comunicação. No artigo, parte-se de uma análise dos processos, bem como dos atos administrativos da ENM. Em seguida, abordam-se os argumentos a favor e contra a suficiencia da legislação atual para usar as TIC na Administração, com especial destaque das formalidades que devem ser cumpridas de acordo com diversos textos legais do século XXI que modernizaram a lei de 1981, e, ao final, propõe-se como digitalizar a ENM. ; The National School of Judiciary of Venezuela (NSJ) is a judicial agency with administrative responsabilities located in Caracas with nationwide competencies. To fulfill its mission, it shall use Information and Communication Tecnologies (ICT). This paper begins analizing NSJ administrative procedures and acts. Then, the study is addressed toward the arguments, in favor and against, sufficiency of current legislation to use ICT in government, specially, considering the formalities that must be completed according to different 21st century laws that modernized the law of 1981. Finally, it is proposed how to modernize the NSJ.

The aim of this work is to show that the administrative law of a social and democratic state based on the rule of law is the right that the government has to freedom with solidarity. The method used is one specific to legal research, in this case, by means of argumentation and by showing the importance that the constitutional principles have on administrative law. The study opens with an introduction, in which the matter is presented, followed by an analysis of constitutional law and by a comment on the incidence of the social state clause on Public Administration and administrative law that leads to the main conclusion: the general interest in a social and democratic state based on the rule of law is inextricably connected to the promotion of people's fundamental, individual and social rights. In other words, the dignity of the human being is the center and at the root of public law, therefore, all its institutions and categories should be defined and built from this perspective. ; El presente trabajo tiene por objeto demostrar que el derecho administrativo del Estado social y democrático es el derecho del poder público para la libertad solidaria. El método empleado es el propio de la investigación jurídica, en este caso a través de la argumentación y la proyección de los principios constitucionales sobre el derecho administrativo. El estudio parte de una introducción en la que se plantea la cuestión, una análisis del llamado derecho constitucional, un comentario sobre la incidencia de la cláusula del Estado social sobre la Administración pública y el derecho administrativo que sirve de antesala para la principal conclusión: que el interés general en un Estado social y democrático de derecho está inescindiblemente vinculado a la promoción de los derechos fundamentales, individuales y sociales, de la persona. Es decir, la dignidad del ser humano es el centro y la raíz del derecho público, de manera que todas sus instituciones y categorías deben definirse y construirse desde esta perspectiva. ; El presente ...

The purpose of this paper is to address confidentiality in electronic public procurement, since current legislation in Uruguay determines that public procurement must be guided, in a very broad rule, by the principle of transparency, considering that it is the true basis of contracting democracy, which makes it the main instrument to combat corruption. It happens that the legal system foresees exceptions, in which the information can be classified as secret, reserved and confidential, as defined by the legislation. Finally, it addresses the Electronic Opening modality to be used by the Public Administration in its contracts. ; El propósito de este artículo es abordar la confidencialidad en la contratación pública electrónica, ya que la legislación vigente en Uruguay determina que la contratación pública debe guiarse, en una regla muy amplia, por el principio de transparencia, considerando que es el verdadero sustento de la contraer la democracia, lo que la convierte en el principal instrumento para combatir la corrupción. Ocurre que el ordenamiento jurídico prevé excepciones, en las que la información se puede clasificar como secreta, reservada y confidencial, según lo define la legislación. Finalmente, aborda la modalidad de Apertura Electrónica para ser utilizada por la Administración Pública en sus contratos. ; O objetivo deste trabalho é abordar o sigilo na contratação pública eletrônica, uma vez que a legislação em vigor no Uruguai determina que a contratação pública deve ser pautada, em regra muito ampla, pelo princípio da transparência, por ser esta a verdadeira base da democracia contratual. o que o torna o principal instrumento de combate à corrupção. Ocorre que o ordenamento jurídico prevê exceções, nas quais as informações podem ser classificadas como secretas, reservadas e confidenciais, conforme definido pela legislação. Por fim, trata da modalidade Abertura Eletrônica a ser utilizada pela Administração Pública em seus contratos.

Tackling international security, as a field of international relations, requires the study of confrontation formats that threaten the sovereignty of states in the reconfiguration of the global order. The evolution of symmetric and asymmetric armed conflicts has led to the proliferation of hybrid scenarios where threats move exponentially, generating multidimensional disputes impacting on the balance of power. From this approach, technology plays a major role in the development of artificial intelligence and the boom of algorithms in the service of military capabilities, the third revolution of war being a fait out, followed by the discovery of the explosive and the development of nuclear weapons. It is clear that investing hard resources and autonomous devices, industrial powers and emerging countries will lead to competition with serious implications for global governance. Latvian Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS) will have the power to select and attack targets without the need for any human intervention, where the selection and use of lethal force towards a target potential would be left to an autonomous choice. In this regard, artificial intelligence serving military capabilities would incorporate significant operational benefits and reduce the cost of lives of military members by incorporating a wider remote destructive reach, but would undermine the lack of control and human judgment in complex decisions, challenging the general rules governing both hostilities in the context of war and the protection of human dignity in armed conflicts. Institute for International Relations ; El abordaje de la seguridad internacional, como campo de las relaciones internacionales, presupone el estudio de formatos de confrontación que amenacen la soberanía de los estados en la reconfiguración del orden global. La evolución de los conflictos armados simétricos y asimétricos ha dado lugar a la proliferación de escenarios híbridos donde las amenazas mutan de manera exponencial, generando disputas multidimensionales que ...

"Leyes de la Recopilacion de Indias, cédulas reales, ordenanzas y otras soberanas declaraciones que deben gobernar para el cumplimiento de lo que se dispone en los articulos de la Instruccion que irán cítados": [202] p. ; Head-piece. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Mediation is playing a growing role nowadays, strongly promoted by the European Union. However, Administrative law remains a legal area riddle with obstacles to the ADR and to mediation. Social changes and the mutation of administrative structures require the search of new ways to solve administrative disputes. Because of this, the Spanish Consejo General del Poder Judicial has favored the implementation of administrative mediation by means of pilot projects. ; Presenciamos un momento de creciente fascinación por la mediación. Sin embargo, el Derecho administrativo se presenta históricamente como un ámbito plagado de obstáculos frente a las ADR y, por tanto, frente a la mediación. Sin embargo, los cambios sociales y la mutación de las estructuras administrativas llevan a buscar nuevos cauces para la resolución de los conflictos con la Administración. La mediación se ha visto fuertemente impulsada por la Unión Europea y en el ámbito interno, el Consejo General del Poder Judicial ha propiciado la incorporación de la mediación administrativa mediante proyectos pilotos que impulsan el consenso.

In Chile, since the beginning of the 19th century, the constitutional texts accepted the Montesquieuan theory of the separation of the powers of the State, or, if you will, of the division of functions, endorsing this constitutive theory of the keystone of the architecture of the State. modern and representative of the institutional model that guarantees political freedom. ; En Chile, desde comienzos del siglo XIX, los textos constitucionales aceptaron la teoría montesquieuana de la separación de los poderes del Estado, o si se quiere de la división de funciones, haciendo suya esta teoría constitutiva de la clave de bóveda de la arquitectura del Estado moderno y representativa del modelo institucional garantizador de la libertad política.

This academic article presents the social and political context in which the reform to the code of administrativeprocedure and administrative litigation is developed; it also explains the large changes in the code, forthe purpose of contributing to the construction of a social State and the globalization of administrative law.On the other hand, this article analyzes certain voids that reform did not overcome such as the regulationsthat ensure systematic funding of the judicial power, or an efficient management of human talent. ; El artículo presenta el contexto social y político en que se desarrolla la actual reforma al Código de Proce- dimiento Administrativo y de lo Contencioso Administrativo; así mismo, explica sus grandes cambios en aras de contribuir a la concreción de un Estado social y a la globalización del derecho administrativo. De otra parte, analiza algunos vacíos que no alcanzó a llenar la reforma.

The present article outlines a reflection on aspects regarding corruption, the purchase of conscious and the absence of disciplinary and ethical rigor in the civil servant. For such aim, it is set out a re-evaluation of these practices that end up with the fracture of the state and the embezzlement of resources, by means of the use of the administrative morality, based on the figure of political analysis. The administrative moral is affected when norms are transgressed involving a moral value, also when the general principies of law are harmed, or when a behavior, opposite to the one that society describes as correct for the public institutions and their civil servants, is assumed. ; En el presente artículo se hace una reflexión en torno a los aspectos relacionados con la corrupción, la compra de conciencias y la ausencia de un rigor disciplinario y ético en el funcionario público. Para tal fin, se propone reevaluar estas prácticas que desembocan en la fractura del Estado y en la malversación de fondos, mediante el uso de la moralidad administrativa, basado en la figura del análisis político. La moral administrativa se afecta cuando se transgreden normas que involucran un valor moral, pero también cuando se vulneran los principios generales del derecho o se realiza un comportamiento contrario a aquel que la sociedad califica como correcto para las instituciones públicas y sus funcionarios.

In Greek political theoretical practice, according to Rousseau and Arendt, the founder of a constitution leaves once he has legislated. The politeia of Plato's Laws violates this familiar trope. This observation –hitherto unnoticed in the secondary literature– suggests that scholars have not paid sufficient attention to Magnesia's founding. Herein I establish the role of reputation in the founding, thus touching upon a concept that is central to Plato's Athens yet radically understudied in Platonic studies. I begin by outlining the parameters of founding: the conceptual commitment that humankind lives not in the age of Cronus, but in the age of Zeus. I then evince that in this age reputation is both instrumental to, and constitutive of, the founding. The instrumental role is shown via the presence of Magnesia's founder, Cleinias of Cnossos, in the frame of the dialogue. The constitutive role is evidenced in the legislation for the incoming Dorian colonists. I conclude by proposing some virtues of Plato's account as motivated by my reading. ; In Greek political theoretical practice, according to Rousseau and Arendt, the founder of a constitution leaves once he has legislated. The politeia of Plato's Laws violates this familiar trope. This observation –hitherto unnoticed in the secondary literature– suggests that scholars have not paid sufficient attention to Magnesia's founding. Herein I establish the role of reputation in the founding, thus touching upon a concept that is central to Plato's Athens yet radically understudied in Platonic studies. I begin by outlining the parameters of founding: the conceptual commitment that humankind lives not in the age of Cronus, but in the age of Zeus. I then evince that in this age reputation is both instrumental to, and constitutive of, the founding. The instrumental role is shown via the presence of Magnesia's founder, Cleinias of Cnossos, in the frame of the dialogue. The constitutive role is evidenced in the legislation for the incoming Dorian colonists. I conclude by proposing some virtues of Plato's account as motivated by my reading.

Introduction. Besides technical and economic-organisational problems, digital preservation also faces legal issues, especially regarding copyright legislation, since all digital preservation strategies involve copying materials and/or using software which is typically copyrighted. The purpose of this paper is to ascertain the extent to which current copyright laws meet the preservation requirements of library materials.Methodology. A cross-sectional analysis of recently updated national copyright laws as well as the impact of the other two protection methods: contractual and technological.Results. Even after the latest updates current copyright legislation is almost useless for digital preservation activities since the opportunities provided by WIPO Copyright Treaty to adapt and extend copyright exceptions and limitations have been used to the full.Conclusion. We need a legislation reform that will make it possible to carry out all required copying and communication activities and software use, even if circumventing technological protection is needed. But that is not enough for licensed works. The best solution for this kind of work is to include specific clauses in the licences that facilitate preservation activities. Thus, cooperation between both parties, libraries and rights' holders, is essential.

At head of title: Decreto núm. 1434. ; Mode of access: Internet.

At head of title: República Oriental del Uruguay. ; Mode of access: Internet.