Suchergebnisse

Pension systems and their reforms may have a different impact on men and women because of their different employment histories and demographic characteristics. This paper examines the design of pension systems from a gender perspective. We describe the features of systems and analyse their expected effects on incentives, pension benefits and income distribution for men and women. Empirical results show estimates of the outcomes for men and women in the new Swedish pension system.

Abstract
This article analyses the exceptional social movement that took place in France between January and June 2023 against the increase in the retirement age imposed by the government. The mobilisation took place within a unified framework that brought together all the trade unions and encouraged massive participation by workers. On several occasions, the demonstrations brought together more than three million people. However, although there were strong individual strikes, these did not develop into a general strike. This article explores these contradictions by looking at the various industrial relations reforms that have weakened union action in the workplace and now make it difficult to build strike action.

N/A

This paper analyzes consumption to evaluate the distributional effects of pension reforms. Using Swedish administrative data, we show that on average, workers who retire earlier consume less while retired and experience larger drops in consumption around retirement. Interpreted via a theoretical model, these findings imply that reforms incentivizing later retirement incur a substantial consumption smoothing cost. Turning to other features of pension policy, we find that reforms that redistribute based on early-career labor supply would have opposite-signed redistributive effects, while differentiating on wealth may help to target pension benefits toward those who are vulnerable to larger drops in consumption around retirement. (JEL E21, G51, H23, H55, J22, J26)

This paper analyses early results of the 2004 Nigerian pension
reform. At the beginning of 2010, the new system of privately managed, funded pension accounts covered around four million Nigerians in a country with a workforce of around 50 million people. The study focuses on shortcomings of the new system. Most crucially, the reform has failed to contribute to basic social security in old age for the majority of Nigerians employed in the informal sector. Moreover, the minority of covered workers are also likely to experience
problems. The study demonstrates in a model calculation that the funded
accounts have so far produced negative real returns for pension savers. It is suggested that shortcomings of the current system are unlikely to be addressed by reform within the existing paradigm and that alternative policies, such as noncontributory universal social pensions, should be considered to expand basic social security in the Nigerian context.

This article gives an overview of central aspects (aims and measures) of the German Pension Reform Act decided upon in 1989 and implemented m 1992. One main element is the redefinition of the pension adjustment procedure (introducing net pension adjustment) aiming at a constant net pension level. It is integrated in a self-regulating mechanism making financing (for contribution payments as well as from federal grant) a dependent variable. Other important measures are aimed at increasing the (average) retirement age and introducing a partial pension (phased retirement) into social insurance. The article discusses possible economic effects of these measures as well as consequences of their introduction in East Germany after the German unification, taking into account the quite different situations m East and West Germany.

This paper analyses early results of the 2004 Nigerian pension reform. At the beginning of 2010, the new system of privately managed, funded pension accounts covered around four million Nigerians in a country with a workforce of around 50 million people. The study focuses on shortcomings of the new system. Most crucially, the reform has failed to contribute to basic social security in old age for the majority of Nigerians employed in the informal sector. Moreover, the minority of covered workers are also likely to experience problems. The study demonstrates in a model calculation that the funded accounts have so far produced negative real returns for pension savers. It is suggested that shortcomings of the current system are unlikely to be addressed by reform within the existing paradigm and that alternative policies, such as noncontributory universal social pensions, should be considered to expand basic social security in the Nigerian context.