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Advocates of complexity theory describe it as a new scientific paradigm. Complexity theory identifies instability and disorder in politics and policy making, and links them to the behaviour of complex systems. It suggests that we shift our analysis from individual parts of a political system to the system as a whole; as a network of elements that interact and combine to produce systemic behaviour. This article explores the use of complexity theory in public policy, highlighting a small literature using the language of complexity directly to describe complex policy-making systems, and a larger literature identifying complexity themes. It then highlights the main problems to be overcome before complexity theory can become truly valuable in politics and policy making.

ABSTRACTThe politics of public policy is a vibrant research area increasingly at the forefront of intellectual innovations in the discipline. We argue that political scientists are best positioned to undertake research on the politics of public policy when they possess expertise in particular policy areas. Policy expertise positions scholars to conduct theoretically innovative work and to ensure that empirical research reflects the reality they aim to analyze. It also confers important practical advantages, such as access to a significant number of academic positions and major sources of research funding not otherwise available to political scientists. Perhaps most importantly, scholars with policy expertise are equipped to defend the value of political science degrees and research in the public sphere.

Celem opracowania jest wskazanie na zakres podmiotowy oraz przedmiotowy zarządzania bezpieczeństwem publicznym, wskazanie na jego cele oraz mechanizmy służące jego zapewnianiu w obszarze polityki społecznej, określeniu i ocenie roli państwa w podjętym temacie, a także próba stworzenia prognozy odnoszącej się w zakresie podjętej analizy. Jest to istotne z punktu widzenia pozycji państwa na arenie międzynarodowej, a przede wszystkim zachowanie stabilności społecznej wewnątrz państwa. Realizowanie celów polityki społecznej w sposób zaplanowany i skuteczny przekłada się na stabilność państwa, dobrobyt społecznych oraz stwarza możliwości rozwoju gospodarczego.

A review essay on books by (1) Lisa Anderson, Pursuing Truth, Exercising Power: Social Science and Public Policy in the Twenty-First Century (New York: Columbia U Press, 2003); (2) David L. Featherman & Maris A. Vinovskis (Eds), Social Science and Policy-Making: A Search for Relevance in the Twentieth Century (Ann Arbor: U Michigan Press, 2001); (3) Peter Szanton, Not Well Advised: The City as Client -- An Illuminating Analysis of Urban Governments and Their Consultants (San Jose, CA: Authors Choice Press, 2001).

The relationship between nationalism & public policy remains largely unexplored. Focusing on the link between sub-state nationalism & social policy, this article formulates three main arguments. The first is that social policy is likely to factor into processes of identity- & nation-building spearheaded by sub-state nationalism, & that nationalist movements typically trigger pressures for the decentralization of social policy. The second is that recognizing the importance of this connection should not lead to hasty conclusions about the impact of societal & institutional pressures on public policy. Nationalism is not only a societal force; it is also a political construction that reflects broad institutional legacies. The third is that the historical sequence of nationalism & policy development may create institutional forces preventing the congruence between policies & ethno-linguistic boundaries, in spite of pressures emanating from nationalist movements. The analysis of Social Security politics in contemporary Belgium provides ground to these claims. 59 References. Adapted from the source document.

This study intends to examine the transformation of the social security system in neoliberal era in Turkey after 1980. Most of the studies argue that neoliberal transformation of economy has been led by international institutions and that social security has been commoditized in the market during the period of neoliberal restructuring. Pointing out that commoditization discourse cannot satisfactorily explain the fact, this article tries to show that the transformation of social security has some clientelistic and populist features designed to contribute to neoliberal accumulation regime in many ways. It argues that social security policy aimed at reproducing labour power, manufacturing consent of poor masses and helping privatization process of state-owned enterprises.