Suchergebnisse

The use of active inclusion (AI) policies is steadily growing worldwide, especially among developed (OECD) countries. This concept is most consistently applied in EU countries, with some countries spending more than 1% of their GDP on the activation policies. This concept is also well-known in the countries of the American continent, where it stands as the basis of the workfare model. The concept of AI is linked to the promotion of social inclusion and participation in the labour market for people of working age experiencing poverty or social exclusion. This article is the second work of the authors analysing the concept of AI and its implementation in Lithuania. The article analyses the content of AI concept, placing more emphasis on the limitations of AI and criticism from the right-wing and the left-wing politicians. The article also examines the issue of social services and their place in the concept of AI. The empirical part of the article analyses different dimensions of social services in Lithuania during the period for 2009 to 2018(9). On the basis of the performed analysis, it is concluded that the availability of enabling services in Lithuania is insufficient, despite the fact that positive changes in the availability and coverage of the above-mentioned services have been observed since 2009

The use of active inclusion (AI) policies is steadily growing worldwide, especially among developed (OECD) countries. This concept is most consistently applied in EU countries, with some countries spending more than 1% of their GDP on the activation policies. This concept is also well-known in the countries of the American continent, where it stands as the basis of the workfare model. The concept of AI is linked to the promotion of social inclusion and participation in the labour market for people of working age experiencing poverty or social exclusion. This article is the second work of the authors analysing the concept of AI and its implementation in Lithuania. The article analyses the content of AI concept, placing more emphasis on the limitations of AI and criticism from the right-wing and the left-wing politicians. The article also examines the issue of social services and their place in the concept of AI. The empirical part of the article analyses different dimensions of social services in Lithuania during the period for 2009 to 2018(9). On the basis of the performed analysis, it is concluded that the availability of enabling services in Lithuania is insufficient, despite the fact that positive changes in the availability and coverage of the above-mentioned services have been observed since 2009

Scholarly literature analysis has been carried out to theoretically substantiate the interaction between public administration and public policy and highlight changes in the public administration paradigm. In the paper, a discourse is viewed as a wide presentation of public administration ideas. Since a discourse is not an isolated phenomenon, everything that has been noted, emphasized, expressed, summarized and is related to public administration is considered to be part of public administration discourse. Drawing on theoretical insights the paper deals with public administration discourse in the programs of the Lithuanian political parties: the Labour Party, the Social Democratic Party of Lithuania, the Homeland Union – Lithuanian Christian Democrats, the Order and Justice Party and the Lithuanian Liberal Movement. Analysis of the content of the programs of the selected political parties has been carried out, its results have been evaluated and the main public administration paradigms in the programs of the political parties have been determined.

Scholarly literature analysis has been carried out to theoretically substantiate the interaction between public administration and public policy and highlight changes in the public administration paradigm. In the paper, a discourse is viewed as a wide presentation of public administration ideas. Since a discourse is not an isolated phenomenon, everything that has been noted, emphasized, expressed, summarized and is related to public administration is considered to be part of public administration discourse. Drawing on theoretical insights the paper deals with public administration discourse in the programs of the Lithuanian political parties: the Labour Party, the Social Democratic Party of Lithuania, the Homeland Union – Lithuanian Christian Democrats, the Order and Justice Party and the Lithuanian Liberal Movement. Analysis of the content of the programs of the selected political parties has been carried out, its results have been evaluated and the main public administration paradigms in the programs of the political parties have been determined.

The object of this master thesis is Russia's public policy in the sphere of domestic violence in the period 2017-2020. The goal of the thesis is to identify the characteristic features of Russia's public policy in the sphere of domestic violence in the period 2017-2020. The main tasks of the thesis: to conceptualize the basic political and social definitions in the framework of international use in the applied plane of the policy of the Russian Federation (public policy, non-democratic political culture, domestic violence, feminicide, gender discrimination); to identify the main actors lobbying and opposing the adoption of the draft law "On the prevention of domestic violence" and conduct its social and legal analysis; to identify the main legal documents protecting victims of domestic violence at the international level in comparison with existing documents ratified on the territory of the Russian Federation; to analyze Russian cases of victims of domestic violence to identify the formation of social patterns that influence the perception of this problem in the state and public field (the case of the Khachaturian sisters, Valeria Volodina, Shema Timagova); by using a gender prism, to carry out a discourse analysis of online documents in conjunction with an analysis of narrative in order to identify the characteristic features of the Russian public policy in the sphere of domestic violence. Empirical research is carried out in the tradition of qualitative methodology, using such methods as narrative analysis and discourse analysis. Chapter 2 of this thesis uses the method of document analysis using the example of the Draft Law "On the Prevention of Domestic Violence in the Russian Federation", and the master's work itself, which is an interdisciplinary study, is carried out through the prism of gender analysis. The specificity of public policy in the sphere of domestic violence in the Russian Federation lies in the authoritarianism of political culture with conservative patriarchal views on the institution of the family. It was revealed that due to the influence of the Russian Orthodox Church on the government in decision-making policy, the state cannot be secular. They indicated that the opponents of the draft law are expressing the concept of radical conservatism together with the ideas of national authenticity, deep intolerance towards supporters of feminism and gender ideology, refusal to ratify basic international documents, excluding the possibility of Russian society developing towards liberal trends. The liberal movement and lobbying of interests against feminicide are led by more female democratic actors

The object of this master thesis is Russia's public policy in the sphere of domestic violence in the period 2017-2020. The goal of the thesis is to identify the characteristic features of Russia's public policy in the sphere of domestic violence in the period 2017-2020. The main tasks of the thesis: to conceptualize the basic political and social definitions in the framework of international use in the applied plane of the policy of the Russian Federation (public policy, non-democratic political culture, domestic violence, feminicide, gender discrimination); to identify the main actors lobbying and opposing the adoption of the draft law "On the prevention of domestic violence" and conduct its social and legal analysis; to identify the main legal documents protecting victims of domestic violence at the international level in comparison with existing documents ratified on the territory of the Russian Federation; to analyze Russian cases of victims of domestic violence to identify the formation of social patterns that influence the perception of this problem in the state and public field (the case of the Khachaturian sisters, Valeria Volodina, Shema Timagova); by using a gender prism, to carry out a discourse analysis of online documents in conjunction with an analysis of narrative in order to identify the characteristic features of the Russian public policy in the sphere of domestic violence. Empirical research is carried out in the tradition of qualitative methodology, using such methods as narrative analysis and discourse analysis. Chapter 2 of this thesis uses the method of document analysis using the example of the Draft Law "On the Prevention of Domestic Violence in the Russian Federation", and the master's work itself, which is an interdisciplinary study, is carried out through the prism of gender analysis. The specificity of public policy in the sphere of domestic violence in the Russian Federation lies in the authoritarianism of political culture with conservative patriarchal views on the institution of the family. It was revealed that due to the influence of the Russian Orthodox Church on the government in decision-making policy, the state cannot be secular. They indicated that the opponents of the draft law are expressing the concept of radical conservatism together with the ideas of national authenticity, deep intolerance towards supporters of feminism and gender ideology, refusal to ratify basic international documents, excluding the possibility of Russian society developing towards liberal trends. The liberal movement and lobbying of interests against feminicide are led by more female democratic actors

Creation of the image of the political leader in the society by Tomas Čepelevskis (summary) All changes that happened with the society in the last decades caused significant changes in the field of politics. Especially those changes touched political leaders who had to understand importance of the role of information and communication skills in the new contemporary society. Also contemporary political leaders should understand the importance of image role in the society. Every political leader understands that his image and his political wealth are directly connected with each other. Because of this leaders and their teams are changing old steady political rules for new ones. In this new political game they are trying to become more flexible and innovative. Now political leaders and their teams try to be like business service organization which sells its political services and products for the society. But in order to gain more understanding and support of the society, political leaders should not only speak loud speeches or promise better tomorrow, but they also should make clear and understandable information campaign. Consequently every image creation process in the society needs a good planed strategy with clear tasks and understandable goals. And if political leaders or their teams that take part in image creation process want to reach the desired point with perfect information campaign they must know main tools of shaping of public opinion and how to evaluate the impact. The main object of Thesis work was to give methodical examples of creating image of the political leader's in the society. Diploma work "Creation of the image of the political leader" consists of two theoretical parts: First part of Thesis work contains information about: • Leadership concepts. • Political leadership concepts and models. • Selection and rising of political leader. • Examples of international political leaders in foreign countries (Ronald Reagan in the USA and Silvio Berllusconi in Italy). • Model of the image of the political leaders in Lithuania (The way society understands political leaders). Second part: • Theory about public opinion. • Theory about the role of the mass media in the public opinion creation process. • Theory, how to organize public relations process (research, planning, communication and evaluation). • Analysis and results of theory material, critics, and recommendations. This Thesis work is useful for the information and communication, international affairs and political science specialists who work in public relation, political sciences, and image creation fields.

Creation of the image of the political leader in the society by Tomas Čepelevskis (summary) All changes that happened with the society in the last decades caused significant changes in the field of politics. Especially those changes touched political leaders who had to understand importance of the role of information and communication skills in the new contemporary society. Also contemporary political leaders should understand the importance of image role in the society. Every political leader understands that his image and his political wealth are directly connected with each other. Because of this leaders and their teams are changing old steady political rules for new ones. In this new political game they are trying to become more flexible and innovative. Now political leaders and their teams try to be like business service organization which sells its political services and products for the society. But in order to gain more understanding and support of the society, political leaders should not only speak loud speeches or promise better tomorrow, but they also should make clear and understandable information campaign. Consequently every image creation process in the society needs a good planed strategy with clear tasks and understandable goals. And if political leaders or their teams that take part in image creation process want to reach the desired point with perfect information campaign they must know main tools of shaping of public opinion and how to evaluate the impact. The main object of Thesis work was to give methodical examples of creating image of the political leader's in the society. Diploma work "Creation of the image of the political leader" consists of two theoretical parts: First part of Thesis work contains information about: • Leadership concepts. • Political leadership concepts and models. • Selection and rising of political leader. • Examples of international political leaders in foreign countries (Ronald Reagan in the USA and Silvio Berllusconi in Italy). • Model of the image of the political leaders in Lithuania (The way society understands political leaders). Second part: • Theory about public opinion. • Theory about the role of the mass media in the public opinion creation process. • Theory, how to organize public relations process (research, planning, communication and evaluation). • Analysis and results of theory material, critics, and recommendations. This Thesis work is useful for the information and communication, international affairs and political science specialists who work in public relation, political sciences, and image creation fields.

Creation of the image of the political leader in the society by Tomas Čepelevskis (summary) All changes that happened with the society in the last decades caused significant changes in the field of politics. Especially those changes touched political leaders who had to understand importance of the role of information and communication skills in the new contemporary society. Also contemporary political leaders should understand the importance of image role in the society. Every political leader understands that his image and his political wealth are directly connected with each other. Because of this leaders and their teams are changing old steady political rules for new ones. In this new political game they are trying to become more flexible and innovative. Now political leaders and their teams try to be like business service organization which sells its political services and products for the society. But in order to gain more understanding and support of the society, political leaders should not only speak loud speeches or promise better tomorrow, but they also should make clear and understandable information campaign. Consequently every image creation process in the society needs a good planed strategy with clear tasks and understandable goals. And if political leaders or their teams that take part in image creation process want to reach the desired point with perfect information campaign they must know main tools of shaping of public opinion and how to evaluate the impact. The main object of Thesis work was to give methodical examples of creating image of the political leader's in the society. Diploma work "Creation of the image of the political leader" consists of two theoretical parts: First part of Thesis work contains information about: • Leadership concepts. • Political leadership concepts and models. • Selection and rising of political leader. • Examples of international political leaders in foreign countries (Ronald Reagan in the USA and Silvio Berllusconi in Italy). • Model of the image of the political leaders in Lithuania (The way society understands political leaders). Second part: • Theory about public opinion. • Theory about the role of the mass media in the public opinion creation process. • Theory, how to organize public relations process (research, planning, communication and evaluation). • Analysis and results of theory material, critics, and recommendations. This Thesis work is useful for the information and communication, international affairs and political science specialists who work in public relation, political sciences, and image creation fields.

Creation of the image of the political leader in the society by Tomas Čepelevskis (summary) All changes that happened with the society in the last decades caused significant changes in the field of politics. Especially those changes touched political leaders who had to understand importance of the role of information and communication skills in the new contemporary society. Also contemporary political leaders should understand the importance of image role in the society. Every political leader understands that his image and his political wealth are directly connected with each other. Because of this leaders and their teams are changing old steady political rules for new ones. In this new political game they are trying to become more flexible and innovative. Now political leaders and their teams try to be like business service organization which sells its political services and products for the society. But in order to gain more understanding and support of the society, political leaders should not only speak loud speeches or promise better tomorrow, but they also should make clear and understandable information campaign. Consequently every image creation process in the society needs a good planed strategy with clear tasks and understandable goals. And if political leaders or their teams that take part in image creation process want to reach the desired point with perfect information campaign they must know main tools of shaping of public opinion and how to evaluate the impact. The main object of Thesis work was to give methodical examples of creating image of the political leader's in the society. Diploma work "Creation of the image of the political leader" consists of two theoretical parts: First part of Thesis work contains information about: • Leadership concepts. • Political leadership concepts and models. • Selection and rising of political leader. • Examples of international political leaders in foreign countries (Ronald Reagan in the USA and Silvio Berllusconi in Italy). • Model of the image of the political leaders in Lithuania (The way society understands political leaders). Second part: • Theory about public opinion. • Theory about the role of the mass media in the public opinion creation process. • Theory, how to organize public relations process (research, planning, communication and evaluation). • Analysis and results of theory material, critics, and recommendations. This Thesis work is useful for the information and communication, international affairs and political science specialists who work in public relation, political sciences, and image creation fields.

Straipsnyje analizuojama Lietuvos asmens sveikatos prieziuros istaigu vadovu kaita ir politizacija 1997-2013 m. Politizacijos fenomenas yra daugiausia tyrinetas nacionaliniu lygiu. Taeiau sutariama, kad esmines priezastys, kodel vyksta politizacija, vis dar nera aiskios. Ziniu apie sveikatos apsaugos sistemos politizacija trukumas yra problema, nes politizuotu asmens sveikatos prieziuros istaigu vadovu skaieius virsija 50 %. Straipsnyje parodoma, kad politizacijos masta geriausiai paaiskina ne partines sistemos stabilumas (meru ir asmens sveikatos prieziuros ministru kaita), o vidiniai asmens sveikatos prieziuros vadovu motyvai. Todel ateities tyrimams reikia daugiau demesio skirti ne politizacijos 'is virsaus zemyn', o politizacijos 'is apaeios aukstyn' studijoms This article deals with the change and politicisation of the senior levels of management in the Lithuanian personal health care organisations in the period 1997-2013. A lack of understanding of the underlying mechanism for politicisation of the healthcare system is a problem, as the number of politicised managers in personal health care organisations exceeds 50%. The analysis revealed that the scope of politicisation is best explained not by the instability of the party system (the change of mayors and ministers for health care) but by the inner motivation of managers. The managers of personal health care organisations may be eager to engage in political activities, as belonging to a party ensures greater job stability. Therefore, the future studies need to focus on the 'bottom-up' rather than 'top-down' type of politicisation. Adapted from the source document.

The article analyses the challenges faced by the state of Lithuania in the sphere of social security in the 1920s. It was sought to resolve the key problems that emerged in the aftermath of World War I, to handle the situation and to adjust to the modernizing forms of social security as well as to ensure social welfare for citizens. It is revealed how the Lithuanian Government, public figures and politicians understood social issues, what major social problems were identified and what solutions were applied. The article also discusses the scope of social support, the fields and priorities of support as well as the formation of social policy guidelines.

The article analyses the challenges faced by the state of Lithuania in the sphere of social security in the 1920s. It was sought to resolve the key problems that emerged in the aftermath of World War I, to handle the situation and to adjust to the modernizing forms of social security as well as to ensure social welfare for citizens. It is revealed how the Lithuanian Government, public figures and politicians understood social issues, what major social problems were identified and what solutions were applied. The article also discusses the scope of social support, the fields and priorities of support as well as the formation of social policy guidelines.

The article analyses the challenges faced by the state of Lithuania in the sphere of social security in the 1920s. It was sought to resolve the key problems that emerged in the aftermath of World War I, to handle the situation and to adjust to the modernizing forms of social security as well as to ensure social welfare for citizens. It is revealed how the Lithuanian Government, public figures and politicians understood social issues, what major social problems were identified and what solutions were applied. The article also discusses the scope of social support, the fields and priorities of support as well as the formation of social policy guidelines.

The article analyses the challenges faced by the state of Lithuania in the sphere of social security in the 1920s. It was sought to resolve the key problems that emerged in the aftermath of World War I, to handle the situation and to adjust to the modernizing forms of social security as well as to ensure social welfare for citizens. It is revealed how the Lithuanian Government, public figures and politicians understood social issues, what major social problems were identified and what solutions were applied. The article also discusses the scope of social support, the fields and priorities of support as well as the formation of social policy guidelines.