Suchergebnisse

Le Paris noir de Pascal Blanchard, Eric Deroo, Gilles Manceron, Edition Hazan, 2001, 239 pages. ISBN 2-85025-7613, 48.95 EuroLe Paris Arabe, deux siècles de présence des Orientaux et des Maghrébins par Pascal Blanchard, Éric Deroo, Driss El Yazami, Pierre Fournié, Gilles Manceron, La Découverte, 2003, 247 pages, ISBN 2-701 3904-1, 39.90 Euro.
Existe-t-il un Paris africain ? Il semble bien en tout cas que les Africains, Noirs ou Arabo-berbères soient suffisamment incrustés dans la capitale française pour que le paysage humain, de la ville et son histoire au moins contemporaine, en aient été largement imprégnés. Réflexion faite, il n'y a pas de quoi être étonné : Paris est certes la ville de la Révolution de 1789 et de la déclaration universelle des Droits de l'homme et du citoyen, mais fût aussi jusqu'au siècle dernier une des principales métropoles coloniales d'un monde oppressif où nous vivions, (a-t-il complètement disparu ?). Ces deux facteurs a priori antagoniques vont se conjuguer pour marquer l'histoire de la Ville lumière, dans sa relation au Sud de la planète.

AbstractThis article analyzes the relationship between masculinity and domestic service by exploring how servants resisted the changing culture and realities of their work in colonial Dar es Salaam, the capital of British colonial Tanganyika. Domestic servants formed nearly half the working class in the city, and ninety-seven percent of servants were African men. Considered during the early decades of colonialism to be a well-paid, skilled, and respectable occupation, domestic service transformed in the 1940s and 1950s, due to the World War II economic crisis, soaring urban population, and introduction of new labor regulations. The primary threats to servants' masculinity during the latter half of the colonial era were the growing limitations the occupation placed on men's abilities to achieve the financial and social capital required to achieve senior status and respect within their families and the African community. In response to rising exploitation and declining wages, servants formed Tanganyika's first African labor union.

Intro -- Page de titre -- Avant-propos -- Paris nouveau -- I - Coup d'œil général -- II - Les rues - Plan stratégique du nouveau Paris -- III - L'expropriation pour cause d'utilité publique - La ville des nomades -- IV - Les maisons -- V - Les squares et les promenades -- VI - Les parcs et jardins -- VII - Intermède Promenade pittoresque à travers le nouveau Paris -- VIII - Les monuments -- IX - Conclusion -- Paris futur -- Appendice -- I - Les nouveaux noms des anciennes rues de Paris -- II - Un chapitre des ruines de Paris moderne -- III - Les précurseurs de M. Haussmann -- IV - Un mot sur les derniers travaux de M. Haussmann - Le jardin du Luxembourg -- Lettre d'un habitant de la rue Notre-Dame-Des-Champs -- Page de Copyright.

At the Paris climate summit in December 2015 the 196 parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) established a new international climate policy regime from 2020 onwards. The Paris Agreement includes how to proceed with protecting the climate (mitigation), how to adapt to climate change (adaptation), and how to handle potential loss and damage, technology transfer and climate finance. The Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are recognised internationally as each country's way forward in mitigation and adaptation actions. Amongst the UNFCCC parties a key differentiation remains: developed countries are asked to act ambitiously and fast on mitigation, and to support developing countries financially and technically to deliver on their NDCs. For the first time, the participation in international climate policy is comprehensive, and accounting rules and transparency requirements for emissions data will apply to all countries in the same manner after 2020. Regular reviews will take place every five years in order to motivate an increase in ambitions towards the global temperature limit of 2 degrees Celsius and the financial commitments. The research paper elaborates how negotiations and the international energy and climate policy settings evolved since the Copenhagen climate summit and how the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21) in Paris was prepared. It examines the national climate policy and climate diplomacy activities of the United States, China, India and the European Union as well as the building blocks of the new regime. The Paris Agreement sets a framework for an effective regime. Germany and the European Union will have to follow up in 2016 with own measures and with shaping further details of the regime. (author's abstract)