This article initially presents a reworking of data in a Venetian census of 1700 for the Peloponnese, a region in southern Greece. The analysis is then compared with one based on another Venetian document dated either to 1702 or 1711, and a mean family size of about 4.0 is confirmed. The calculations for 1700 are refined to produce calculations of mean family size for urban and rural communities (3.60 and 4.17, respectively). The results are then discussed in terms of data from the early nineteenth century for the same region. Conclusions are drawn that support the case for a small mean family size in southern Europe in the eighteenth century and question the continued use of multipliers as high as 5.0 in converting Ottoman fiscal data into population numbers.
Tsunami hazard assessment of the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea is the current interest of the countries having, a coastline in this region. Considering today's increasing population on the coasts and historical tsunamis, it is essential to estimate the probable tsunami risk, which might occur, to be able to mitigate the risk before the actual tsunami event happens. For this purpose, European Union funded project., SEAHELLARC is formed to develop a methodology and tools for seismic and tsunami safety and enhance the protection of coastal areas in the western part of Peloponnese in Greece by simultaneous observations and evaluation of onshore and offshore data. In this paper, we present the tsunami simulations of characteristics of possible tsunami source scenarios for the Pylos-Zakynthos-Filiatra and Kyparissia regions, located at western part of Greece. We use NAMIDANCE tsunami simulation and visualization tool to estimate extreme but possible tsunami wave effects in these regions. In the simulations the tsunami arrival times, maximum positive and negative amplitudes are computed, plotted, compared and discussed for the coastal areas of Zakynthos, Filiatra, Kyparissia and Pylos. Furthermore, a detailed mapping of the bathymetric features is performed to define possible landslides and lithological variations at the marine bottom. The uppermost sediments are mapped by sub-bottom profiling, while possible faults are identified by multi-channel reflection mapping at the western Peloponnese. This paper also builds upon the background of a seismic hazard assessment for the region to draw several credible tsunami occurrence scenarios that have been numerically simulated.
Tsunami hazard assessment of the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea is the current interest of the countries having, a coastline in this region. Considering today's increasing population on the coasts and historical tsunamis, it is essential to estimate the probable tsunami risk, which might occur, to be able to mitigate the risk before the actual tsunami event happens. For this purpose, European Union funded project., SEAHELLARC is formed to develop a methodology and tools for seismic and tsunami safety and enhance the protection of coastal areas in the western part of Peloponnese in Greece by simultaneous observations and evaluation of onshore and offshore data. In this paper, we present the tsunami simulations of characteristics of possible tsunami source scenarios for the Pylos-Zakynthos-Filiatra and Kyparissia regions, located at western part of Greece. We use NAMIDANCE tsunami simulation and visualization tool to estimate extreme but possible tsunami wave effects in these regions. In the simulations the tsunami arrival times, maximum positive and negative amplitudes are computed, plotted, compared and discussed for the coastal areas of Zakynthos, Filiatra, Kyparissia and Pylos. Furthermore, a detailed mapping of the bathymetric features is performed to define possible landslides and lithological variations at the marine bottom. The uppermost sediments are mapped by sub-bottom profiling, while possible faults are identified by multi-channel reflection mapping at the western Peloponnese. This paper also builds upon the background of a seismic hazard assessment for the region to draw several credible tsunami occurrence scenarios that have been numerically simulated.
Tibor Živković Η χρονολογία της δημιουργίας του θέματος ΠελοποννήσουΣτην ιστορική επιστήμη υπάρχει, για τη δημιουργία του θέματος Πελοποννήσου, η κυρίαρχη άποψη ότι προέκυψε μεταξύ των ετών 783 και 812, είτε ως διαίρεση του θέματος Ελλάδος είτε ανεξάρτητα από αυτό. Στην παρούσα μελέτη, προσπαθήσαμε να λύσουμε και τα δύο αυτά ζητήματα, της χρονολόγησης και του τρόπου δημιουργίας του θέματος Πελοποννήσου. Το συμπέρασμα μας είναι ότι το θέμα Πελοποννήσου προέκυψε από την διαίρεση του θέματος Ελλάδος. Από την άλλη πλευρά, θεωρήσαμε την χρονολόγηση του στο πλαίσιο των διπλωματικών σχέσεων του Βυζαντίου προς τη Δύση (τους Φράγκους) κατά τη βασιλεία της αυτοκράτειρας Ειρήνης. Εξετάζοντας τις πηγές (Χρονικόν της Μονεμβασίας, Σχόλια του Αρέθα και De Administrando Imperio), συμπεράναμε ότι το θέμα. Πελοποννήσου υπήρχε ήδη όταν ανέβηκε στο θρόνο ο Νικηφόρος Α' (802). Στα πλαίσια της πολιτικής της Ειρήνης προς τους Φράγκους στην Ιταλία, συμπεράναμε ότι η εκστρατεία του λογοθέτη Σταυρακίου το 783 ήταν η αρχή της πραγματοποίησης ενός ευρύτερου σχεδίου. Περαιτέρω όξυνση των βυζαντινο-φραγκικών σχέσεων, που κορυφώθηκε με την επίθεση του Καρόλου του Μεγάλου εναντίον του Benevento το 786, οδήγησε στην εκστρατεία του ευνούχου Ιωάννη το 788/89 στην Ιταλία. Ως εκ τούτου, συμπεραίνουμε ότι το θέμα Πελοποννήσου δημιουργήθηκε μεταξύ των ετών 784 και 788, στα πλαίσια των προετοιμασιών για τον πόλεμο με τους Φράγκους, πιο συγκεκριμένα μεταξύ του χειμώνα 786 και του καλοκαιριού 788. ; Tibor Živković Η χρονολογία της δημιουργίας του θέματος ΠελοποννήσουΣτην ιστορική επιστήμη υπάρχει, για τη δημιουργία του θέματος Πελοποννήσου, η κυρίαρχη άποψη ότι προέκυψε μεταξύ των ετών 783 και 812, είτε ως διαίρεση του θέματος Ελλάδος είτε ανεξάρτητα από αυτό. Στην παρούσα μελέτη, προσπαθήσαμε να λύσουμε και τα δύο αυτά ζητήματα, της χρονολόγησης και του τρόπου δημιουργίας του θέματος Πελοποννήσου. Το συμπέρασμα μας είναι ότι το θέμα Πελοποννήσου προέκυψε από την διαίρεση του θέματος Ελλάδος. Από την άλλη πλευρά, θεωρήσαμε την χρονολόγηση του στο πλαίσιο των διπλωματικών σχέσεων του Βυζαντίου προς τη Δύση (τους Φράγκους) κατά τη βασιλεία της αυτοκράτειρας Ειρήνης. Εξετάζοντας τις πηγές (Χρονικόν της Μονεμβασίας, Σχόλια του Αρέθα και De Administrando Imperio), συμπεράναμε ότι το θέμα. Πελοποννήσου υπήρχε ήδη όταν ανέβηκε στο θρόνο ο Νικηφόρος Α' (802). Στα πλαίσια της πολιτικής της Ειρήνης προς τους Φράγκους στην Ιταλία, συμπεράναμε ότι η εκστρατεία του λογοθέτη Σταυρακίου το 783 ήταν η αρχή της πραγματοποίησης ενός ευρύτερου σχεδίου. Περαιτέρω όξυνση των βυζαντινο-φραγκικών σχέσεων, που κορυφώθηκε με την επίθεση του Καρόλου του Μεγάλου εναντίον του Benevento το 786, οδήγησε στην εκστρατεία του ευνούχου Ιωάννη το 788/89 στην Ιταλία. Ως εκ τούτου, συμπεραίνουμε ότι το θέμα Πελοποννήσου δημιουργήθηκε μεταξύ των ετών 784 και 788, στα πλαίσια των προετοιμασιών για τον πόλεμο με τους Φράγκους, πιο συγκεκριμένα μεταξύ του χειμώνα 786 και του καλοκαιριού 788.
Unequal spatial distribution of economic activity within countries continues to be important despite the significant progress of the world economy during the second half of this century. Interest in spatial processes and inequalities has recently been revived by the influential work of Barro and Sala-i-Martin (1991, 1992, 1995) and others on the trends of convergence or divergence across countries or regions, by the theoretical work of Krugman (1991) on geography and increasing returns, and by the work of Matsuyama (1995a,b) on cumulative processes in models of monopolistic competition. The recent literature is concerned with balanced development and has important implications for regional or development policies. Noteworthy in this context is the argument advanced by Kaldor (1970), namely that unequal regional development within a given country poses more serious intellectual challenges for policy than unequal development internationally. Several studies suggest that the existence of selective tendencies, convergence clubs as in Quah (1996), and asymmetric shocks in various economies have led to the persistence and exacerbation of spatial inequalities within the European Union.
This paper examines the political 'system', behaviour and attitudes of Christian landed elites in the Ottoman Peloponnese in the decades preceding the Greek Revolution of 1821. Particular attention is given to the relationship between these important local power-holders and the Filiki Etairia (Society of Friends), the secret organization that set the revolution in motion. Questions raised by earlier scholars concerning the motivations which led the notables to join this venture are reconsidered here in light of the aims disclosed in previous separatist plots and a closer reading of the interactions between the notables and the Etairia leadership. These help to indicate what the proposed revolution meant to those involved from a standpoint of opportunities and risks, as well as the assumptions contained in contemporary elite notions of sovereignty.
<p>Metochi est une commune de la plaine littorale du Péloponnèse oc<br />cidental. Elle se compose de deux hameaux principaux: Metochi et<br />Lappa. Metochi est l'établissement le plus ancien et autrefois la plus<br />important. Il est en train de décliner, cependant que Lappa prend <br />l'avantage, grâce à dessols de meilleure qualité, grâce à sa localisation <br />sur les voies de communications principales et surtout grâce à ses<br />possibilités d'irrigation. La surface moyenne par exploitation est deux <br />fois plus élevée à Lappa et l'eau abondante, si bien que la commune se<br />décompose en un village prospère. Lappa et un village pauvre.<br />Metochi, dont les habitants doivent travailler chez les exploitants de<br />Lappa pour compléter leurs ressources.</p>
Research on ancient Greek rural settlement and agricultural economies often emphasises political agency as a driving force behind landscape change, with comparatively less attention directed to the potential effects of climate. This study analyses climate variability and the spatial configuration of land use in the north-eastern Peloponnese during the Late Hellenistic and Roman (c. 150 BC-AD 300) periods. A synthesis of archaeological field survey data combined with new palaeoclimatological data provides novel insight into how changing climate influenced land use. The authors argue that although climatic variability alone did not drive socio-economic change, drying conditions may have influenced the relocation of agricultural production.
The Peloponnese, a province of the Byzantine Empire in the 11th and 12th centuries, was divided into three distinct political entities after 1204: the Frankish Principality of Achaia, the Venetian colonies of Modon and Coron, and the Byzantine lands in the southeast. The number and size of cities in the Peloponnese during the 11th and 12th centuries expanded, and the establishment of the new political entities of the 13th century did not hinder the development of its urban centers. New urban centers appeared, and the dynamics of the old urban centers witnessed a major shift. The focus of this paper is on port towns, since the majority of the available data derive from them, and aims to investigate the economic centrality of the port towns in the Peloponnese in the context of their environs, economic activities, and their position in the eastern Mediterranean exchange system. The theoretical framework is based on concepts of network theory, centrality, and economic complexity, as well as on a thorough evaluation of the material and textual evidence. In doing so, the economic profile of each central place is reconstructed, as well as a comparison between them.
In: Ragkou, Katerina (2018). The Economic Centrality of Urban Centers in the Medieval Peloponnese: Late 11th-Mid-14th Centuries. Land, 7 (4). BASEL: MDPI. ISSN 2073-445X
The Peloponnese, a province of the Byzantine Empire in the 11th and 12th centuries, was divided into three distinct political entities after 1204: the Frankish Principality of Achaia, the Venetian colonies of Modon and Coron, and the Byzantine lands in the southeast. The number and size of cities in the Peloponnese during the 11th and 12th centuries expanded, and the establishment of the new political entities of the 13th century did not hinder the development of its urban centers. New urban centers appeared, and the dynamics of the old urban centers witnessed a major shift. The focus of this paper is on port towns, since the majority of the available data derive from them, and aims to investigate the economic centrality of the port towns in the Peloponnese in the context of their environs, economic activities, and their position in the eastern Mediterranean exchange system. The theoretical framework is based on concepts of network theory, centrality, and economic complexity, as well as on a thorough evaluation of the material and textual evidence. In doing so, the economic profile of each central place is reconstructed, as well as a comparison between them.
This thesis will contend that Polybius' stress on Achaean unity was related to his need to contrast how tyche and anacyclosis, the two vital supernatural forces that he believed influenced historical events, had influenced the Achaean system of polity detrimentally. Examining the rationale behind Aetolian intervention in the Peloponnese during the Hellenistic period, it will contend that the Aetolians and their allies in Elis and Sparta were engaged in a struggle for control over the Peloponnese against the Macedonians and their Arcadian allies, a situation the Romans exploited. During the Second Macedonian War Polybius presents the Achaean league and Rome acting as equals; this was related to his desire to show the eventual decline in Greece that allowed the Romans to gain control. In reality Flamininus exploited Megalopolitan fears over Aetolian and Spartan interests to ensure the Peloponnese remained stable during the Aetolian/Syrian War. Afterwards Polybius took the question of the Spartan exiles, a relatively unimportant question, and presented its resolution as the decisive turning point in the relationship between Rome and the Achaean league, Callicrates' speech in front of the senate marking the onset of the final stage of anacyclosis in Achaean democracy. This process continued in his portrayal of later events; Polybius was detained by the Romans because of his sympathy for Perseus during the Third Macedonian War; however he blamed Callicrates because at this point he wished to present the corruption and decline that was occurring in the Achaean league. This process ended with the destruction of Corinth in 146BC, where Polybius emphasises the madness and irrationality of the Achaean mob and leadership. This was to provide his readers with the consolation that their society would emerge renewed and strengthened at a time that the Roman Republic began its eventual decline through the resumption of anacyclosis.
