Suchergebnisse

Cet article vise à présenter une réflexion sur la protection de l'environnement et la politique économique durable, en considérant certains éléments substantiels de la théorie des jeux appliquée aux réfugiés environnementaux, ainsi que sa rationalité procédurale analysée à la lumière du développement durable. En outre, les récentes catastrophes environnementales mettent en évidence les impacts économiques et la problématique des risques que la société mondiale endure. Ces impacts ne se limitent pas aux aspects économiques, mais reflètent également sur les marchés sociaux, de la santé, de la sécurité sanitaire, du travail et des finances. À travers une synthèse scientifique, cet article utilise la méthode de la recherche déductive et exploratoire, basée sur l'analyse des références d'articles et des études bibliographiques.

Gaston Bachelard (1884-1962), French philosopher, followed a period of ruptures, that is, of conceptual and methodological changes in contemporary physics. He is one of several thinkers who presented important reflections for the understanding of contemporary atomistics. This article highlights the main philosophical reflections of Gaston Bachelard about the foundations of quantum mechanics. For that, it uses important concepts of its epistemology without which its ideas become incomprehensible. Thus, this work highlights how this science breaks with traditional scientific and philosophical ideas in the first half of the 20th century by presenting a new object of knowledge, namely, the quantum corpuscles. Furthermore, in order to characterize the philosophy of bachelardian quantum physics, according to the author, the nature of atomic particles stands out, as the scientific activity of this science in the creation of new phenomena is emphasized and its rationalism applied as philosophy is emphasized best suited to the new physics. Finally, it is emphasized in this work that Bachelard's ideas are different from other interpretations of quantum mechanics.

African Europhone literatures in translation raise a series of questions largely orbiting around a now central preoccupation: have the translators conceived their project in a "decolonizing" perspective? In the following paper, I propose to consider the translation of aesthetic features as the principal means of asserting the identity of postcolonial writers. My analysis is essentially based on a poetic reading of Ayi Kwei Armah's first novel, The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born, based on the author's literary heritage. Its French translation by Robert and Josette Mane, L'Age d'or n'est pas pour demain, is examined in terms of its capacity to "decolonize" the text, i.e., to reactivate not only Armah's palimpsestic poetics, but also sociolects and repetitions, since the latter are regularly identified as markers of West African writing. In so doing, I highlight both the difficulties and limitations associated with postcolonial translation criticism. The original article is in French. ; La traducción de la literatura africana en lenguas europeas plantea una serie de preguntas que en su mayoría giran alrededor de una inquietud central: ¿Es que los traductores han concebido su proyecto desde una perspectiva "descolonizadora"? El artículo invita a considerar la traducción de los elementos estéticos como el recurso principal para reafirmar la identidad de los escritores poscoloniales. En su análisis de la autora realiza una lectura poética de la primera novela de Ayi Kwei Armah, The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born (1986), basada en la tradición literaria del autor. El estudio de su traducción francesa, realizada por Robert y Josette Mane, L'Age d'or n'est pas pour demain (1976), gira entorno a su capacidad para "decolonizar" el texto, es decir, de reactivar no sólo la poética palimpséstica de Armah, sino también los sociolectos y repeticiones, los cuales se reconocen con frecuencia como marcas de la escritura africana occidental. De este modo en el estudio se subrayan tanto las dificultades como los límites que se le atribuyen a la crítica poscolonial de la traducción. El artículo original está en francés. ; La traduction des littératures africaines europhones soulève une série de questions articulées – aujourd'hui – presque systématiquement autour de l'axe suivant : les traducteurs ont-ils inscrit leur projet dans une perspective « décolonisante »? Adhérant au postulat selon lequel traduire l'esthétique équivaut à reconnaître celle-ci comme le principal instrument de revendication identitaire des écrivains postcoloniaux, mon analyse repose essentiellement sur une lecture poétique du premier roman d'Ayi Kwei Armah, The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born, à partir du patrimoine littéraire de l'écrivain. La traduction française, réalisée par Robert et Josette Mane, L'Age d'or n'est pas pour demain, est examinée à l'aulne du qualificatif « décolonisant », en sa faculté à réactiver non seulement cette poétique palimpsestique, mais aussi sociolectes et répétitions, deux éléments souvent identifiés comme caractéristiques de l'écriture ouest-africaine. Ce faisant, je mets en évidence la difficulté de la critique traductive postcoloniale et en souligne les limites. L'article original a été rédigé en français. ; A tradução de literaturas africanas eurófonas levanta uma série de perguntas hoje sistematicamente articuladas em volta do seguinte eixo: os tradutores conceberam seus projetos sob uma perspectiva "descolonizadora"? Neste artigo, proponho considerar a tradução de traços estéticos como principal meio de reivindicação identitária dos escritores pós-coloniais. Minha análise se fundamenta essencialmente numa leitura poética do primeiro romance de Ayi Kwei Armah, The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born, a partir do patrimônio literário do autor. A tradução para o francês feita por Robert e Josette Mane, L'Age d'or n'est pas pour demain, é analisada quanto à sua capacidade de "descolonizar" o texto, ou seja, reativar não apenas a poética palimpséstica de Armah, mas também socioletos e repetições, já que esses elementos são identificados como característicos da escrita da África Ocidental. Neste processo, destaco tanto as dificuldades como as limitações associadas com a crítica tradutória pós-colonial. O artigo original está em francês.

Social philosophy takes care of three tasks: the conceptual idea about an institution, how it functions and how it accomplish. In this sense, a challenge to social philosophy, from the point of view of critical-normative research, is to think of the social institution not only as the backbone of society, but, above all, to link it with the social-ontological argument with emancipatory approach; in other words, how a social institution how to deal with its task of promoting social goods and social rights. I intend to explain the philosophical-social requirement of the social-ontological argument in the discussion of critical-normative research taking into account that, at first, the social institution is understand itself as a medium to emancipation and, secondly, this institution stem from a detranscendental reason conception and this refer to a new way to think the social philosophy inside in the historical background of ours social communities.

This paper aims to explore to the maximum Latin American Philosophy of Liberation and the so-called decolonizer or decolonial turn to found the constitutional theory, from the practices of the New Latin American Constitutionalism, specially new constitutional texts and systems from Venezuela (1999), Ecuador (2008) and Bolivia (2009), which propose a series of institutional and social innovations. The text has a multi disciplinary profile, passing through the areas of Law and Philosophy, and has as basis classic authors from the Latin American thought. Keywords: Constitution; justice; politics; Latin America; ; El presente artículo tiene como objetivo explorar al máximo la filosofía latinoamericana de la liberación y el llamado giro descolonizador o "descolonial" para fundamentar la teoría constitucional, a partir de las prácticas del "nuevo constitucionalismo latinoamericano", en especial nuevos textos y sistemas constitucionales de Venezuela (1999), de Ecuador (2008) y de Bolivia (2009), que proponen una serie de innovaciones institucionales y sociales. El texto tiene perfil multidisciplinario, transitando entre las áreas del Derecho y de la Filosofía, y tiene como base autores clásicos del pensamiento latinoamericano. Palabras-clave: Constitución; la justicia; la política; América Latina. Abstract: This paper aims to explore ao máximo Latin American Philosophy of Liberation and the so-called decolonizer ou decolonial turn to found the constitucional theory, from the practices of the New Latin American Constitutionalism, specially new constitutional texts and systems from Venezuela (1999), Ecuador (2008) and Bolivia (2009), which propose a series of institutional and social inovations. The text has a multi disciplinary profile, passing through the areas of Law and Philosophy, and has as basis classic authors from the Latin American thought. Keywords: Constitution; justice; politics; Latin America;Introducción ; Cet article vise à explorer au maximum la philosophie latino-américaine de la libération et le soi-disant décolonisateur ou virage décolonial pour fonder la théorie constitutionnelle, à partir des pratiques du nouveau constitutionnalisme latino-américain, en particulier des nouveaux textes et systèmes constitutionnels du Venezuela (1999), Equateur (2008) et Bolivie (2009), qui proposent une série d'innovations institutionnelles et sociales. Le texte a un profil multidisciplinaire, passant par les domaines du droit et de la philosophie, et a pour base des auteurs classiques de la pensée latino-américaine. Mots-clés: Constitution; Justice; politique; Amérique latine; ; Questo articolo mira a sfruttare al massimo la filosofia di liberazione latinoamericana e la cosiddetta svolta decolonizzante o "decoloniale" a sostegno della teoria costituzionale, basata sulle pratiche del "nuovo costituzionalismo latinoamericano", in particolare nuovi testi e sistemi costituzionali del Venezuela (1999), Ecuador (2008) e Bolivia (2009), che propongono una serie di innovazioni istituzionali e sociali. Il testo ha un profilo multidisciplinare, muovendosi tra le aree del diritto e della filosofia, e si basa su autori classici del pensiero latinoamericano. ; O presente artigo objetiva explorar ao máximo a filosofia latino-americana da libertação e o chamado giro descolonizador ou "descolonial" para fundamentar a teoria constitucional, a partir das práticas do "novo constitucionalismo latino-americano", em especial novos textos e sistemas constitucionais da Venezuela (1999), do Equador (2008) e da Bolívia (2009), que propõem uma série de inovações institucionais e sociais. O texto tem perfil multidisciplinar, transitando entre as áreas do Direito e da Filosofia, e tem como base autores clássicos do pensamento latino-americano.

From the point of view of critical theory and social criticismo the idea of ​​progress seems to be established in an ambivalence: on the one hand, the postulates of Amy Alllen started an "Aufklärung" of the conception of progress ( which I call the "negative" conception) and its possible unfolding to a critical theory as well as for social criticismo; in contrast, the conception of progress can be understood as a "positive way" in which it is guided by the constitutive scope of a critical theory by embodying, for example, the social justice as a social-normative medium to the process of emancipation. Taking into account the aforementioned assertions, I will take up, in this research, the core of the conception of progress in Amy Allen (1) in order to interpose a "positive" idea. In this sense, I will take as a social-institutional and empirical reference the public policy of the 'Mais IDH' social program (More HDI), which is constituted both as a response to the concept of progress in Amy Allen and as a possible condition for the realization of social justice (understood as the minimum conditions of existence) (2).

From an analysis of the Habermasian argumentation carried out in his work "Knowledge and Interest" of 1968, which we worked on from the 1987 translation; and anchored in the works of the Brazilian philosophers Durão, published in his book "A crítica de Habermas à dedução transcendental de Kant" of 1996 and Hansen, in his article published in Revista Crítica, entitled "Os riscos da crítica da sociedade" of 1998, we reflect, in this article, about how Habermas rescues the Theory of Knowledge from the distorted way behaved by Comtean positivism, passing through Freud and Marx to recover it as a Critical Theory of Society. We present the advent of the Information Age and the accompanying communication facilities to present the model of Distance Education as an effective way of extending the reach of Social Criticism as a self-reflection that makes the knowledge as a critical instrument not only for the individual but also of society.

The aim of this paper is to connect the COVID-19 pandemic with philosophical elements taken from Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Three main points will be covered: the philosopher and the isolation; the nomenclature on the idea of social isolation; and the way in which the socio-political organization of a certain community is essential in order to obtain success or face failure in situations classified as catastrophic.

This article addresses the teaching and learning dynamics of theatrical language in 2 courses of Licentiate Degree in Countryside Education (Licenciatura em Educação do Campo – LEDOC) – at the University of Brasília (Universidade de Brasília – UnB) and the Federal University of Piauí (Universidade Federal do Piauí – UFPI). What is common between these two courses is the work of Terra em Cena, a theater and audiovisual collective that operates as a university outreach program and a research group, based on popular education methodologies and on Political Theater (Theater of the Oppressed and Dialectic Theater). Experiences of working with student groups and creating theater groups in rural communities are described and analyzed, in order to see in which aspects theatre education contributes to qualifying educators from an emancipatory perspective. It is verified that adopting the Theatre of the Oppressed, as a method and education content, potentiates the LEDOCs as cultural resistance fronts and as a crucial domain for expanding the Brazilian popular education. ; Este artículo aborda la dinámica de enseñanza y aprendizaje del lenguaje teatral en 2 cursos de Licenciatura en Educación del Campo (Licenciatura em Educação do Campo – LEDOC) – de la Universidad de Brasilia (Universidade de Brasília – UnB) y de la Universidad Federal de Piauí (Universidade Federal do Piauí – UFPI). Lo que es común entre estos 2 cursos es el trabajo del Terra em Cena, colectivo de teatro y audiovisual que actúa como programa de extensión universitaria y grupo de investigación, basado en metodologías de educación popular y del Teatro Político (Teatro del Oprimido y Teatro Dialéctico). Se describen y analizan experiencias de trabajo con las clases y de creación de grupos de teatro en las comunidades rurales, con el objetivo de comprender en qué aspectos la formación teatral contribuye con la formación de educadores en perspectiva emancipatoria. Se verifica que la adopción del Teatro del Oprimido, como método y contenido educativo, potencia las LEDOCs como frentes de resistencia cultural y como un ámbito crucial para expandir la educación popular brasileña. ; Cet article traite de la dynamique de l'enseignement et de l'apprentissage de la langue théâtrale dans 2 cours de Baccalauréat en Éducation à la Campagne (Licenciatura em Educação do Campo – LEDOC) – de l'Université de Brasilia (Universidade de Brasília –UnB) et de l'Université Fédérale de Piauí (Universidade Federal do Piauí – UFPI). Ce qui est commun entre ces 2 cours est le travail du Terra em Cena, collectif de théâtre et d'audiovisuel qui fonctionne comme un programme d'extension et un groupe de recherche, basé sur les méthodologies d'éducation populaire et du Théâtre Politique (Théâtre de l'Opprimé et Théâtre Dialectique). Expériences de travail avec des groupes d'étudiants et de création de groupes de théâtre dans les communautés rurales sont décrites et analysées, afin de comprendre en quels aspects l'éducation théâtrale contribue à la formation des éducateurs dans une perspective émancipatrice. Il est prouvé que l'adoption du Théâtre de l'Opprimé, comme méthode et contenu éducatif, potentialise les LEDOCs en tant que fronts de résistance culturelle et en tant que domaine crucial pour l'expansion de l'éducation populaire brésilienne. ; Este artigo aborda a dinâmica do ensino e aprendizagem da linguagem teatral em 2 cursos de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo (LEDOC) – da Universidade de Brasília (UnB) e da Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI). O que há em comum nesses 2 cursos é a atuação do Terra em Cena, coletivo de teatro e audiovisual que funciona como programa de extensão e grupo de pesquisa, a partir das metodologias de educação popular e do Teatro Político (do Oprimido e Dialético). Experiências de trabalho com as turmas e de formação de grupos teatrais nas comunidades rurais são descritas e analisadas, com o objetivo de compreender em quais aspectos a formação teatral contribui com a formação de educadores em perspectiva emancipatória. Verifica-se que a adoção do Teatro do Oprimido, enquanto método e conteúdo de formação, potencializa as LEDOCs como fronts de resistência cultural e como âmbito fundamental de alargamento da educação popular brasileira.

This work aimed to evaluate social vulnerability based on population characteristics as a means of indicating the possible intra-urban spaces with greater chances of dispersion and contagion by COVID-19. From variables that explain social characteristics and amplify the vulnerability of individuals, information from IBGE was selected, treated by factor analysis and mapped, according to an adaptation of the methodology developed by the Center for Social Studies in Coimbra. The scale of coverage chosen was that of census sectors, based on three municipalities in the state of RS/BR. The analysis resulted in 21 variables that make it possible to classify five dimensions of vulnerability, indicating the places where prevention actions to the contagion should be more incisive, given the population characteristics, and the vulnerability of urban peripheries was evidenced. The grouping of information expressed social dimensions that denote auxiliary aspects in the understanding of territory and social vulnerability on a local scale. The methodology demonstrated can be easily adopted in different scales and regions. This study will enable decisions to be taken in order to avoid contagion, and to provide information to support the development of plans for the gradual resumption of economic and social activities. ; Este trabajo pretendía evaluar la vulnerabilidad social a partir de las características de la población como medio para indicar los posibles espacios intraurbanos con mayores posibilidades de dispersión y contagio por COVID-19. A partir de las variables que explican las características sociales y amplían la vulnerabilidad de los individuos, se seleccionó la información del IBGE, se trató mediante análisis factorial y se mapeó, según una adaptación de la metodología desarrollada por el Centro de Estudios Sociales de Coimbra. La escala de cobertura elegida fue la de los sectores censales, basada en tres municipios del estado de RS/BR. El análisis resultó en 21 variables que permiten clasificar cinco dimensiones de ...

"Que sentido os textos informativos têm para os neoleitores egressos do AlfaSol?" é um projeto de pesquisa-ação que tem por objetivo exercitar a leitura dos adultos recém-alfabetizados em situações concretas da vida cotidiana. O projeto se apóia em consultas bibliográficas e realização de oficinas de leitura na Comunidade do Dendê, utilizando material informativo sobre integração social, exercício da cidadania, cuidados com a saúde, conservação do meio ambiente e melhoria da qualidade de vida das pessoas. Atende a necessidades específicas da população, segundo a Lei de Responsabilidade Social que levou as empresas privadas a atuarem em parceria com o Estado. Foram realizadas visitas à Comunidade do Dendê e feitos contatos com os líderes locais. Essas visitas tinham por objetivo apresentar e discutir com os líderes a viabilidade do projeto e selecionar o local mais adequado para funcionamento das oficinas de leitura. As pessoas da Comunidade do Dendê vêm recebendo uma grande contribuição no sentido de aperfeiçoar as técnicas de leitura, interpretar textos com informações úteis, criar o hábito de ler entre os adultos egressos dos programas de alfabetização, ler conjuntamente com os familiares, amigos e vizinhos, exercitando-se todos para uma convivência harmônica e solidária, em busca de soluções aos problemas atuais que afetam toda a coletividade ; "What kind of meaning do the informative texts bring to the AlfaSol neo-readers?" It's an action-research project which aims to practice the new literates' reading skills through real daily life situations. The project is based on bibliographic research and the development of workshops in reading in the Community of Dendê using texts on social integration, citizenry practice, health care, environment protection and improvement of people's life quality. The project focuses on the community's needs, according to the Law of Social Responsibility which led partnerships between private enterprises and the state government. Visits to the Community of the Dendê had been carried and contacts made with the local leaders. These visits had for objective to present and to argue with the leaders about the viability of the project and to select the place most adequate for the functioning the reading workshops. The people of the Community of Dendê is receiving a great contribution in the direction to perfect the reading techniques, to interpret texts with useful information, to create the habit to read with adult egresses of the literacy programs, to read jointly with familiar, the friends and neighbors, being exercised themselves all for a harmonic and solidarity life, in brainstorming to the current problems that affect all the collective ; «Que senti les textes informatifs ont pour neolécteurs sorties de l'AlfaSol?» c'est un projet de recherche-action qui a l'objectif d'exercer la lecture des adultes récent-alphabétisés dans des situations concrètes de la vie quotidienne. Le projet si basé à des consultations bibliographiques et à réalisation d'ateliers de lecture dans la Communauté du Dendê, en utilisant matériel informatif sur l'intégration sociale, l'exercice de la citoyenneté, des soins avec la santé, la conservation de l'environnement et l'amélioration de la qualité de vie des personnes. Il fait attention à des nécessités spécifiques de la population, selon la Loi de Responsabilité Sociale qui a amené les sociétés privées à agir dans partenariat avec l'État. Des visites à la Communauté du Dendê ont été réalisées et des contacts avec les chefs locaux ont été faits. Ces visites avaient l'objectif de présenter et discuter avec les chefs la viabilité du projet et sélectionner le lieu le plus approprié pour le fonctionnement des ateliers de lecture. Les personnes de la Communauté du Dendê viennent en recevant une grande contribution dans le but de perfectionner les techniques de lecture, interpréter des textes avec des informations utiles, créer l'habitude de lire avec les adultes sorties des programmes d'alphabétisation, lire communément avec les parents, amis et voisins, en s'exerçant tous pour une convive harmonique et solidaire, à la recherche de solutions aux problèmes actuels qui touchent toute la collectivité