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44 53 7 1 ; S ; This paper is a preprint of a paper submitted to IET Microwaves Antennas and Propagation and is subject to Institution of Engineering and Technology Copyright. If accepted, the copy of record will be available at IET Digital Library In this study, the efficient full-wave analysis of passive devices composed of circular and arbitrarily-shaped waveguides is considered. For this purpose, the well-known boundary integral-resonant mode expansion (BI RME) method has been properly extended. Circular waveguides are used for resonant mode expansion, whereas the arbitrary contour is defined by any combination of straight, circular and elliptical segments, thus allowing the exact representation of the most widely used geometries. The proposed algorithm extends previous implementations of the BI RME method based on circular waveguides by considering circular and elliptical arcs for defining arbitrary geometries. Similarly, it allows the efficient analysis of passive devices based on circular waveguides with arbitrary perturbations, thus providing more accurate results with less computational efforts than a rectangular waveguide-based BI RME approach. The extended method has been successfully tested with several practical application examples, having compared its performance with the BI RME method based on rectangular waveguides. This work was supported by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spanish Government, under Research Project TEC2010-21520-C04-01. Carceller Candau, C.; Cogollos Borras, S.; Soto Pacheco, P.; Gil Raga, J.; Boria Esbert, VE.; Vicente Quiles, CP.; Gimeno Martinez, B. (2013). Efficient boundary integral-resonant mode expansion method implementation for full-wave analysis of passive devices based on circular waveguides with arbitrary perturbations. IET Microwaves Antennas and Propagation. 7(1):44-53. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2012.0603

We investigate how potential tax-driven migrations modify the Mirrlees income tax schedule when two countries play Nash. The social objective is the maximin and preferences are quasilinear in income. Individuals differ both in skills and migration costs, which are continuously distributed. We derive the optimal marginal income tax rates at the equilibrium, extending the Diamond-Saez formula. The theory and numerical simulations on the US case show that the level and the slope of the semi-elasticity of migration on which we lack empirical evidence are crucial to derive the shape of optimal marginal income tax. Our simulations show that potential migrations result in a welfare drop between 0.4% and 5.3% for the worst-off and an average gain between 18.9% and 29.3% for the top 1%.

250 261 29 ; S ; [EN] This study presents a novel Hybrid Intelligent Intrusion Detection System (IDS) known as RT-MOVICABIDS that incorporates temporal control. One of its main goals is to facilitate real-time Intrusion Detection, as accurate and swift responses are crucial in this field, especially if automatic abortion mechanisms are running. The formulation of this hybrid IDS combines Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) within a Multi-Agent System (MAS) to detect intrusions in dynamic computer networks. Temporal restrictions are imposed on this IDS, in order to perform real/execution time processing and assure system response predictability. Therefore, a dynamic real-time multi-agent architecture for IDS is proposed in this study, allowing the addition of predictable agents (both reactive and deliberative). In particular, two of the deliberative agents deployed in this system incorporate temporal-bounded CBR. This upgraded CBR is based on an anytime approximation, which allows the adaptation of this Artificial Intelligence paradigm to real-time requirements. Experimental results using real data sets are presented which validate the performance of this novel hybrid IDS. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. This research is funded through the Junta of Castilla and León (BU006A08); the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (TIN2010-21272-C02-01), Education and Innovation (CIT-020000-2008-2 and CIT-020000-2009-12); the Spanish government (TIN2009-13839-C03-01), FEDER and CONSOLIDER-INGENIO (2010 CSD2007-00022) and the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/ 2008/051). The authors would also like to thank the vehicle interior manufacturer, Grupo Antolin Ingenieria S.A. for supporting the project through the MAGNO2008 – 1028.– CENIT Project funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. Herrero, Á.; Navarro Llácer, M.; Corchado, E.; Julian Inglada, VJ. (2013). RT-MOVICAB-IDS: Addressing Real-Time Intrusion Detection. Future Generation Computer Systems. 29:250-261. ...

International audience The newspapers of the 18th-century Atlantic World copied, translated and corrected each other. The basic technology that facilitated the transmission of international news was the paragraph, a textual unit easily detached from one source and inserted into another. In 18th century London the paragraph took on a new political significance, becoming a distinct genre of publicity and an expedient vehicle for exporting messages abroad. But thanks to editorial interventions, the form and content of news reports evolved as they traveled from one place to another. Integrating scholarship on journalism in Europe, Great Britain and the United States, this article compares reports in French-, English- and Spanish-language newspapers in order to reveal the process of news making. Two detailed examples from the American Revolutionary war demonstrate how political news in the Age of Revolutions was a collaborative process linking printers, translators, readers, and ship captains on both sides of the Atlantic. In doing so it highlights the importance of the paragraph as an object of historical study.

In many Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, the meaning of heritage is often correlated with natural resources on which the livelihoods of the inhabitants depend. Over the last 20 years, Northern Kenya has seen the implementation of various models for protection of natural resources in order to conserve biodiversity and scarce resources (water, soil, pasture, forest). The greater ecosystem of Marsabit county inclusive of the Chalbi desert, comprise various natural protected areas endowed with immense biological diversity and water which support vital ecosystem services and the existing social and political organizations. At the same time, these conservation practices tend to inhibit some vital functionality of the areas protected such as the socio-cultural values and practices (transhumance road, place for trade, land uses.) of pastoralists' livelihood. Through the description of the multi socio-ecological functions of protected areas, the workshop will shed light on the multiple interactions and connectivity between protected areas, anthropo-ecosystem and greater ecosystem. This situation prompts for suggestions to address the interfaces between ecosystems and societies and to better integrate thoughts centered on the sustainability of anthropo-ecosystems, rather than the split between "environmental conservation" and "development".

International audience The main aim of the paper is to offer a solution compatible with Graham Priest'sNoneism and Amie Thomasson's Artifactual theory which stresses the epistemic features ofthe notion of individuality in fiction in a framework where individuals are conceived of asfunctions (the framework is known as the world-lines-semantics of Hintikka). According toour view, it is the endorsement of a reader's perspective that extends the range of the valuesof the functions (individuals) and that offers an alternative solution to cases of identity insideand outside the scope of a fictionality (or representation) operator. More technically, thisproposal can be seen as both extending the notion of individuality of the Artifactual theoryand furnishing an epistemic twist to Priest's principle of freedom.

"In diesem Beitrag setzen wir uns mit der zukünftigen Positionierung der Ordnungsökonomik innerhalb der Wirtschaftswissenschaften im Spannungsfeld zwischen positiver Analyse und normativer, auf wirtschaftspolitische Beratung zielender Disziplin auseinander. Im Sinne des normativen Individualismus bieten sich das Legitimationskriterium der individuellen Zustimmung oder die Steuerungsideale der Bürger- und Konsumentensouveränität als Grundlage für die moderne Ausrichtung der Ordnungsökonomik an. Ganz im Sinne des verfassungsökonomischen Forschungsansatzes von James Buchanan werden daher die Bürgerinteressen als Referenzkriterium herangezogen. Nach einem Überblick über den neueren Methodenstreit diskutieren wir jüngste Beiträge zur zukünftigen Ausrichtung der Ordnungsökonomik vor dem Hintergrund des verfassungsökonomischen Forschungsprogramms. In einem dritten Schritt stellen wir unsere Perspektive zur Weiterentwicklung des ordnungsökonomischen Forschungsansatzes dar." (Autorenreferat)

International audience Over the next decades, natural resources and water resources in particular are likely to be one of the major origins of social conflicts. To date however, no model enables the study of coupled dynamics of hydrology, water use and social conflicts. Building such a model requires identifying the key concepts, entities and processes that are present in much field cases and have to be included into the model. The research presented in this paper takes place in a more general project named MAELIA for Multi-agent for Environmental Norms Impact Assessment. The purpose of MAELIA is to provide a decision-support model helping decision makers and stakeholders to manage water resources. This model aims to be generic enough for it to be applied in various field cases at different scales. We describe the actors involved in water management or water use using an agent-based approach. Water monitoring institutions and water users are described as agents in interaction within a stylised representation of a watershed basin. We propose a conceptual model that describes not only the hydrology in the basin and the water consumption behaviour of users, but also the representation of both the users at the institutional level and the power relationships that determine the arbitration of norms about water use. We propose two possible uses of this model. The first is the analysis of the impacts of several norms for detecting potential conflicts. The second possible use explores the local formulation of norms given the balance of powers in already settled social conflicts. This generic platform modelling conflicts on natural resources may thereby provide new insights into the analysis of well-known natural resource related conflicts, such as the Gauvery dispute in India.

Draft Version Version Provisoire ; Stemming from politically given market imperfections in a tradable permits system, this paper develops a Stackelberg game with two types of non-cooperative agents to describe how a large -potentially dominant- agent may exercise market power at the expense of a competitive fringe. In a dynamic framework with full forward and backward temporal flexibility (i.e. 1:1 Intertemporal Trading Ratio), this intra-industry model then suggests an optimal allocation criterion for grandfathered permits based on recent emissions. This paper contributes to the permit trading literature by shedding some light on the decision to allow banking and borrowing, a debate which is typically overlooked by the debate to introduce the permits market itself among other environmental regulation tools. Provisional results are presented under perfect information. ; Dans le cadre d'un marché de permis d'émissions négociables, ce papier développe un jeu de Stackelberg avec deux types d'agents non coopératifs pour analyser comment un agent de grande taille potentiellement dominant pourrait bénéficier d'une position de pouvoir de marché au détriment d'une frange concurrentielle suite à une distribution imparfaite de permis d'émissions négociables par le régulateur. Dans un contexte dynamique et une parfaite flexibilité intertemporelle (à savoir un ratio de stock et d'emprunt de 1 pour 1), ce modèle intra-industrie suggère ensuite un critère optimal d'allocation de permis distribués gratuitement au pro-rata des émissions récentes. Cet article contribue à la littérature sur les marchés de permis d'émissions négociables en éclairant les choix d'autoriser ou non le stock et l'emprunt de permis. Ce débat se troube fréquemment occulté lors de l'implémentation d'un marché de permis d'émissions négociables parmi d'autres instruments de régulation environnementale. Les résultats provisoires sont présentés en cadre d'information parfaite.

When bidders are not substitutes, we show that there is no standard ascend-ing auction that implements a bidder-optimal competitive equilibrium under truthful bidding. Such an impossibility holds also in environments where the Vickrey payoff vector is a competitive equilibrium payoff and is thus stronger than de Vries, Schummer and Vohra s [On ascending Vickrey auctions for het-erogeneous objects, J. Econ. Theory, 132, 95-118] impossibility result with regards to the Vickrey payoff vector under general valuations. Similarly to Mishra and Parkes [Ascending price Vickrey auctions for general valuations, J. Econ. Theory, 132, 335-366], the impossibility can be circumvented by giving price discounts to the bidders from the final vector of prices. Nevertheless, the similarity is misleading: the solution we propose satisfies a minimality infor-mation revelation property that fails to be satisfied in any ascending auction that implements the Vickrey payoffs for general valuations. We investigate related issues when strictly positive increments have to be used under general continuous valuations. ; Lorsque les enchérisseurs ne sont pas substituts, nous montrons qu'il n'existe pas de mécanisme d'enchères ascendantes qui implémente un équilibre concurrentiel qui soit optimal pour les enchérisseurs. Un tel résultat d'impossibilité reste vrai dans les environnements où les payements de Vickrey sont concurrentiels et est donc plus fort que le résultat d'impossibilité de De Vries, Schummer et Vohra [On ascending Vickrey auctions for heterogeneous objects, J. Econ. Theory, 132, 95-118] relatif à l'implémentation des payements de Vickrey sans restrictions sur les valuations. De la même manière que dans Mishra et Parkes [Ascending price Vickrey auctions for general valuations, J. Econ. Theory, 132, 335-366], l'impossibilité est levée si l'on autorise une phase de réduction des prix à la fin de l'enchère. La similarité est trompeuse : la solution que l'on propose satisfait une propriété de "minimalité" relativement à la ...

With respect to the climate change, and more generally to the energy problem, in the laboratories working on the subject, scientists contribute to clarify the situation and to help decision makers by yielding and updating factual physical informations, and also by modelling. This conceptual work is mainly done in the language of economics. This discipline, which appears therefore in the core of the reflecting process in action at present, is however rather peculiar is the sense that it uses mathematics in order to think social phenomena. It is on this methodological configuration that we hold a philosophical enquiry. Our analysis focuses on risks, incertitude and on the role of mathematics to represent them. It concludes on the importance of a certain type of modelization, investigation modelling, which reveals new significations. This study attempts to enlighten some part of the limit between mathematized knowledge, as economics, and interpretative meaning used in every day life and social and human sciences

"Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) ist in Deutschland in den letzten Jahren groß in Mode gekommen. Dabei ist gesellschaftliche Verantwortung von Unternehmen in Deutschland keineswegs ein neuartiges Phänomen. Im Beitrag wird der Wandel von einer in gesetzlich verbindlichen Regelungeninstitutionalisierten und damit impliziten gesellschaftlichen Verantwortung von Unternehmen zu Zeiten der Deutschland AG hin zu einer als explizit freiwillig verstandenen CSR nachgezeichnet." (Autorenreferat)

"Die Ziele der Gründer der Europäischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft waren nicht rein 'merkantile', sondern 'wirtschaftliche' Ziele im weitesten Sinne des Wortes. Wenn es ein spezifisches Modell für Europa gegeben hat, so war dies das Modell der sozialen Marktwirtschaft. Aber die Krise des Sozialstaats hat Zweifel an den grundlegenden Fähigkeiten dieses Modells genährt. Hat Europa etwas Spezifisches für den Bereich der Wirtschaft anzubieten? Die wirtschaftsethischen Ansätze, die in Europa entwickelt wurden, haben eine Menge zur Entwicklung eines 'Euroethos' beizutragen. Dieser Beitrag stellt die wichtigsten europäischen Beiträge vor und versucht die Charakteristika eines europäischen Ansatzes zu skizzieren." (Autorenreferat)