Suchergebnisse

Aventurar-se no pensamento em filosofia não depende, a princípio, do uso necessário dos arsenais da razão. Antes, seria necessário lançar-se em seus domínios e ficar à espreita dos seus acontecimentos. Somente quando esses ocorrerem teremos como distinguir os que coincidem enormemente com o que já fazemos e pensamos, e os que trazem o novo. Talvez aí, de fato, algum empenho tenha sentido. Assim, ao me deparar com os escritos da filosofia da diferença, de maneira especial com os de Deleuze, Guattari e Foucault, foi possível deslocar a minha prática docente em filosofia dos moldes da filosofia maior e vislumbrar a filosofia em sua menoridade. Aliás, pelo inusitado dos acontecimentos que atravessam nossas salas de aula, penso que seja possível sugerir aos alunos que inventem suas próprias regras de fazer filosofia, segundo uma nova maneira de confecção, um novo estilo que lhes seja próprio, ou seja, que tomem os autores da história do pensamento como matéria de entretimento, por meio de novas composições que não aquelas que os textos filosóficos já oferecem; que selecionem autores que endossam aquilo em que pensam, fazendo uso intensivo deles; que traiam os autores, respeitando-os o máximo, sem reproduzi-los.

This volume examines a variety of philosophical approaches that seek to formulate practical guidelines or norms for human actions and behavior in different areas of society, including politics, cultural traditions, the environment, business management, architecture, and medicine. Written by a team of international authors, this volume features thirteen surveys. It begins with an exploration of ethics in politics and cultural traditions. From genocide to the unequal distribution of wealth, it examines many of the harms that currently affect societies throughout the world and considers a way that those in politics can follow to provide better care for all their populations. Next, the book looks at the relation between ethics and cultural traditions. It features a paper that examines the tension that often exists between the past and the present, with a special focus on the history of India. This volume also considers the idea of a universal system of ethics, presents a practical approach to value-based management in private and public organizations, and examines ethics in medicine. In addition, this volume includes coverage of a new type of ethics called Eco-ethica, proposed by the Japanese philosopher Tomonobu Imamichi, which seeks to answer the question of how men and women can live better or live together with each other in a systematized, technological age.--

These days, Africa is seen as an underdeveloped or developing continent. (...) What is meant by this is that Africa as a whole lags behind other areas in terms of measurable economic output and general "quality of life" indices for its inhabitants. An evident paradox in the attempts made to solve the problem of underdevelopment in Africa is that the vast majority of the research into the cause of Africa's present condition emanates from research centres and universities located in the West. And what is evident about the majority of such theories is that they tend to focus narrowly on strictly economic issues geared towards "alleviating poverty" and creating piecemeal conditions for "sustainable development". The collection of essays in this issue approach the problem of development from a broader, more holistic perspective which analyses that explore Africa's present status theoretically, from the standpoint of all the social sciences, not just economics. (Afr Dev/DÜI)

Aileen Kelly, Empiriocriticism: a Bolshevik philosophy?
In the first decade of this century a group of Bolshevik theorists attempted to construct a new philosophical basis for marxism with the aid of the empiriocriticism of Avenarius and Mach. Their attempt is usually treated by historians as merely a brief episode in Bolshevik party history. This article examines its significance within the wider framework of the collective psychology of the Russian radical intelligentsia, in which voluntarism was uneasily reconciled with a predilection for deterministic philosophies of history. The empiriocriticist movement can be seen as a final attempt on the part of the members of the intelligentsia to achieve a synthesis of these elements in their outlook. Their writings and the ensuing polemics are examined with particular regard to the light which they shed on the social psychology of the Russian radical intelligentsia and on the part played by its subjective aspirations in the formulation of its historical goals.

Este artigo trata sobre as (im)possibilidades do diálogo entre a filosofia e a psicanálise, atentando para tanto em alguns pontos que separam esses dois campos. Em primeiro lugar, considera-se o que a filosofia recusou ao se constituir e se diferenciar de outros campos do discurso e do saber, nos seus primórdios, na Grécia Antiga. O que nessa discussão está em causa é a filosofia socrático-platônica e a sua diferença em face da perspectiva trágica, que é abordada no âmbito das crenças religiosas gregas e na obra dos poetas trágicos. No segundo item são recuperadas certas conceitualizações de Freud sobre o psiquismo, com o intuito de indicar a presença da perspectiva trágica em sua concepção de homem. Finaliza-se retomando algumas das razões que levaram Freud a criticar e se distanciar da filosofia, inclusive da vertente que acolhe a perspectiva trágica. As (im)possibilidades do diálogo entre a filosofia e a psicanálise são então apontadas, considerando-se sobretudo as relações que se estabelecem entre esses dois campos depois de Freud.