For various reasons, large storage vessels rarely attract the attention of pottery specialists. It is quite remarkable that prehistoric pithoi from the Greek mainland have not received a thorough treatment so far, in contrast to their Cretan or Cypriot counterparts. The article attempts to fill partially the gap and to show the potential of such a study for approaching wider issues of social, economic, and political developments of LBA/EIA Central Greece. The majority of the pithoi derive from the site of Mitrou. Fragments from two other sites located nearby—the settlement of Kynos and the sanctuary at Kalapodi—complete our dataset. The outstanding characteristic of these pithoi is their size and decoration, consisting of designs made by impressions of a toothed tool. Macroscopic analysis of fabrics supports the existence of several workshops serving more than a single site. Various lines of interpretation of the distributional pattern and the sudden rise of this type of pithos (and pithoi in general) at the LBA/EIA transition are suggested and elaborated. ; Bartłomiej Lis
Frontmatter -- Preface -- Table of Contents -- VOLUME 1 -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Chapter 1 Beginnings of Public Honours for Women in the Greek World -- Chapter 2 Honours for Women in the Hellenistic Period: New Phenomena in the New World -- Chapter 3 Honorific Language: Describing Women, Their Virtues, Merits, and Rewards in the Hellenistic World -- Chapter 4 Female Honours and the Evolution of Relations between the City and Family in the Hellenistic Period -- Chapter 5 Honours of the Imperial Era -- Chapter 6 Women Honoured for Professional Achievements -- Corpus of Public Honorific Inscriptions for Women -- Attica -- Corinthia -- Phleiasia -- Argolis -- Epidauria -- Lakonia -- Messenia -- Arkadia -- Elis -- Achaia -- Megaris -- Boiotia -- Phokis -- Eastern Lokris -- Western Lokris -- Aitolia -- Korkyra -- Kephallenia -- Thessaly -- Epeiros -- Macedonia -- Thrace -- Moesia Inferior -- North Shore of the Black Sea -- Delos -- Rhodos -- Lesbos -- Telos -- Nesos -- Anaphe -- Thera -- Pholegandros -- Melos -- Kos -- Sikinos -- Syros -- Paros -- Tenos -- Andros -- Chios -- Samos -- Amorgos -- Lemnos -- Thasos -- Crete -- Sicily -- Italy -- Volume 2 -- Caria -- Ionia -- Lydia -- Aiolis -- Troas -- Mysia -- Bithynia and Pontus -- Galatia -- Phrygia -- Pisidia -- Pamphylia -- Lykia -- Isauria -- Cilicia -- Cappadocia -- Cyprus -- Syria and Iran -- Egypt -- Cyrenaica -- Addenda -- Indices -- Bibliography
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ABSTRACT Indonesian government has set a national self-sufficiency in sugar with a production target of 5.7 million tons of sugar by 2014. This activity has an impact on the need for large quantities of seeds. Vegetatively, the sugarcane plant is propagated using the technique of cuttings soaked with onion extract and coconut water. Our research aims to determine the effect of onion extract and coconut water and the duration of soaking on the growth of sugarcane cuttings, and to determine the presence or absence of the two factors. This research was conducted in Kati Jeroh Village, Deleng Phokisen District, Southeast Aceh Regency, starting from December 2020 to January 2021 . This research used a factorial randomized block design (RAK), with two factors examined, namely the onion extract factor. (B) consists of 3 levels, namely: B1 = 15% soaked for 6 hours, B2 = 25% soaked for 12 hours and B3 = 50% soaked for 18 hours, Coconut water (K) consists of 3 levels, namely: K1 = Soaked 15% for 6 hours, K2 = 25% soaked for 12 hours and K3 = 50% soaked for 18 hours. The results showed that the effect of onion extract and kela water pa and soaking time on the growth of sugarcane cuttings had no significant effect on shoot length, number of shoots, number of leaves, root length and number of roots at ages 10, 20 and 30 DAS. There was a very real intaction of group replications on shoot lengths at 20 and 30 DAS, the number of leaves aged 20 and 30 DAS and there was a significant effect of group replications on the number of roots aged 30 DAS. This is thought to be the effect of a combination of shallot extract, coconut water concentration, different growing media for each replication. Keywords: Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.), Red Onion Extract, Coconut Water ABSTRAKPemerintah Indonesia telah menetapkan swasembada gula nasional dengan target produksi 5,7 juta ton gula pada tahun 2014. Adanya kegiatan ini berdampak pada kebutuhan bibit dalam jumlah besar. Secara vegetatif tanaman tebu diperbanyak menggunakan teknik stek yang di rendam dengan ekstrak bawang merah dan air kelapa.Riset kami bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengaruh ekstrak bawang merah dan air kelapa serta lama perendaman terhadap pertumbuhan bibit stek tebu,serta untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya intraksi kedua faktor tersebut.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Kati Jeroh Kecamatan Deleng Phokisen Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara yang di mulai dari bulan Desember 2020 sampai dengan bulan Januari 2021.Riset ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial,dengan dua faktor yang di teliti yaitu factor ekstrak bawang merah (B) terdiri atas 3 taraf yaitu : B1 = 15% direndam selama 6 jam, B2 = 25% direndam selama 12 jam dan B3 = 50% di rendam selama 18 jam, Air kelapa (K) terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu : K1 = 15% di rendam selama 6 jam, K2 = 25% di rendam selama 12 jam dan k3 = 50% di rendam selama 18 jam.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengaruh ekstrak bawang merah dan air kelapa serta lama perendaman terhadap pertumbuhan bibit stek tebu berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap panjang tunas, jumlah tunas,jumlah daun, panjang akar dan jumlah akar pada Umur 10, 20 dan 30 HST. Terdapat intraksi sangat Nyata ulangan kelompak terhadap panjang tunas umur 20 dan 30 HST , jumlah daun umur 20 dan 30 HST dan terdapat pengaruh nyata ulangan kelompok terhadap jumlah akar umur 30 HST. Hal ini diduga adanya pengaruh kombinasi ekstrak bawang merah, kosentrasi air kelapa, media tanam yang berbeda setiap ulangan. Kata Kunci : Tebu ( Saccharum officinarum L.), Ekstrak Bawang Merah, Air Kelapa
1. Introduction to federalism in Greek antiquity / Hans Beck and Peter Funke -- 2. Federalism and ethnicity / Jonathan M. Hall -- 3. The community of the Hellenes / Lynette G. Mitchell -- 4. Akarnania and the Akarnanian League / Klaus Freitag -- 5. The Aitolian League / Peter Funke -- 6. The Achaian League / Athanassios Rizakis -- 7. Boiotia and the Boiotian Leagues / Hans Beck and Angela Ganter -- 8. The Euboia League : an "irregular" koinon? / Denis Knoepfler -- 9. The Lokrians and their federal leagues / Giovanna Daverio Rocchi -- 10. Phokis / Jeremy McInerney -- 11. Microfederalism in Central Greece : the Dorians and Oitaians / Denis Rousset -- 12. The Thessalian League / Richard Bouchon and Bruno Helly -- 13. The Arkadian Confederacy / Thomas Heine Nielsen -- 14. Elis (with Akroria and Pisatis) / James Roy -- 15. Traces of federalism in Messenia / Nino Luraghi -- 16. Molossia and Epeiros / Elizabeth A. Meyer -- 17. Federal Makedonia / Miltiades B. Hatzopoulos -- 18. The Chalkidike and the Chalkidians / Michael Zahrnt -- 19. Federalism and the sea : the koina of the Aegean Islands / Kostas Buraselis -- 20. Federalism on Crete : the Cretan koinon and the koinon of the Oreioi / Angelos Chaniotis -- 21. The Italiote League and Southern Italy / Michael P. Fronda -- 22. The Lykian League / Ralf Behrwald -- 23. Federalism in the Kyrenaika? / Alex McAuley -- 24. Forerunners of federal states : collaboration and integration through alliance in Archaic and Classical Greece / Kurt A. Raaflaub -- 25. The Hellenic Leagues of late Classical and Hellenistic times and their place in the history of Greek federalism / Bernhard Smarczyk -- 26. Peaceful conflict resolution in the world of the federal states / Sheila Ager -- 27. The economics of federation in the ancient Greek world / Emily Mackil -- 28. Ancient theoretical reflections on federalism / Cinzia Bearzot -- 29. Greek federalism, the rediscovery of Polybius, and the framing of the American constitution / Gustav Adolf Lehmann.
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