Suchergebnisse

Behem více než deseti let, které uplynuly od prípravy prvního vydání, se objevila radanových teorií, konceptu a prístupu, které se snaží nabídnout vysvetlení soucasného dynamicky se menícího globálního prostredí a nastínit implikace pro regionální rozvoj. V novém vydání jsou zcela prepracovány a podstatne rozšíreny kapitoly venované obema smerum, které v oblasti teorií regionálního rozvoje v soucasnosti dominují, tedy institucionální teorii regionálního rozvoje a škole nové ekonomické geografie. Jsou analyzovány následující nové nebo relativne nové teorie a koncepty: globální hodnotové retezce

The article asks whether a paradox of new members comes into being during the EU enlargement. The first chapter defines the paradox of new members & examines its frequency in political communities. The second chapter introduces practical examples of the paradox & specifies voting power indicators in the EU. The third chapter brings empirical results -- frequency of the paradox during EU enlargement. The fourth chapter tests some hypotheses & defines a disproportionality index. The fifth chapter summarizes conclusions. Tables, References. Adapted from the source document.

The widest framework available for the treatment of language problems is offered by sociolinguistics. The author of the article begins by introducing sociolinguistics, & claims that one of its four basic thematic clusters, which he calls 'Sociolinguistics IV,' is fully devoted to language problems. Mainstream Sociolinguistics, a US-based social network that has made a fundamental contribution to sociolinguistics since the 1960s, developed a version of 'Sociolinguistics IV' that is known as Language Planning. It is in confrontation with Language Planning that the theory of Language Management grew in the 1980s & 1990s. This paper briefly discusses the contribution & problems characteristic of Language Planning & outlines the main features of the Language Management theory. Among these, special attention is paid to the process of language management, which develops out of deviations from norms, whereby some of the deviations are noted, some of the noted deviations are evaluated, & certain adjustment plans are considered & implemented. Finally, the paper suggests that the Language Management theory could perhaps make a valid contribution to other social science disciplines, such as sociology or political science.

Intro -- Obsah -- Úvod -- 1. Ústřední otázka a faktory ovlivňující diskusi o ní: perspektiva ideová -- 2. Jazyková kultura a teorie jazykové kultury: perspektiva terminologická -- 3. Co existuje v předmětné oblastilingvistiky? -- 4. Koncept sdílených znalostí -- 5. Normativní "tlak" a zdroje/příčiny existence fenoménu jazykové správnosti -- 6. Kritérium jazykové správnosti -- 7. Předmětná oblast teorie jazykové správnosti: obecné vymezení a definice: norma, úzus, kodifikace -- 8. Předmětná oblast teorie jazykové správnosti: konkrétnější obrysy, jazyková změna, jasné a nejasné případy -- 9. Nenulová reakce a sankce -- 10. Nabývání pravidel a jejich rekonstituce -- 11. Řečové společenství, kritérium otevřenosti interakce -- 12. Pravidla vs. úzus -- 13. Pravidla vs. věty o pravidlech (kodexy) -- Místo závěru: Úkoly, které čekají -- Literatura -- Příloha: Hierarchie přesvědčení -- Jmenný rejstřík -- Věcný rejstřík -- Resumé/Summary.

Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: The Protectorate city of Prague - a German town? Nazi urbanism and the Planning Commission for the Capital City of Prague and Surroundings in Protectorate times.

Czech economic thought during the period 1948-1969 was full of sudden turns. Its development was determined by political conditions & spiritual climate that were the result of Stalinist soviet type socialism. During the first half of the 1950s the plurality of economic ideas was substituted by the Stalinist version of Marxist-Leninist political economy using violent methods. Low efficiency of the command system & emerging reform climate in the USSR under N. S. Khrushchev opened the door to the reform thinking of the second half of 1950s & the 1960s in Czechoslovakia. During the 1960s the development of the reform thinking together with renaissance of the theoretical economic thinking culminated in the economic reform of Otto Sik & his team, & democratization process of the Prague Spring of 1968. Promising developments ended as a consequence of the Warsaw Treaty troops invasion in Aug 1968. 75 References. Adapted from the source document.

The article presents an analysis of the performance of regional governments -- the institutions representing the self- governing regions in the Czech Republic. The authors try to answer the question of whether regional governments function similarly or whether they vary in terms of performance, & if they do vary, how structured & how large are these differences. After a review of the position occupied by the regions in the Czech public administration system, & after assessing the ways in which regional government performance can be understood & measured & the accessibility of necessary data, indicators are proposed & used to create an aggregate index of regional government performance. An analysis based on these indicators shows that there are considerable differences between regional governments in terms of the structure & the level of their performance. Based on the performance index it was possible to distinguish regions with above- average, average, & below- average regional government performance. The territorial distribution of these groups & some other factors confirm the validity of these measurements.

The article aims to identify the development phases in the process of the regional differentiation in the Czech Republic after 1989, & examines whether this differentiation trend is currently changing. The assumption the article's hypothesis is based on is that during recent development the basic 'parameters' of the principal features of the country's regional structure have been stabilized amidst the conditions of parliamentary democracy & a market economy. Unlike the first phases of socio- economic transition, when differentiating trends prevailed, a certain degree of stabilization can now be assumed, alongside the emergence of new trends. The development of regional differences was analyzed using indicators of GDP, the unemployment rate, entrepreneurial activity, & tax revenue from self- employed physical persons. The findings show that over the course of the 1990s regional differences intensified at both the mezo- regional (regional) level & the micro- regional level. It was also confirmed that at the turn of the millennium the phase of divergent regional development ended, & since that time regional differences have hovered around the same level.