Suchergebnisse

This article is the result of a narrative literature review. The objective is to show the development of an overview on the ideological debate on the design of state health policies. We argue that the role of the state in the development of health policy, even under the pressure of the global market, may create alternatives to promote and drive economic and social development, meaning they are not subject to economic constraints imposed by the liberal ideal of market. Here is a part of a theoretical discussion about the construction and presence of the State in Latin America, particularly in Brazil. We take the approaches of the Marxist tradition and liberal to the issue as reference. This discussion allows us to understand the historical role of the state in the maintenance of social policies, specifically health, is an alternative to public control eases the intense capital mobility promoted by economic globalization. In this sense, the theme makes the Brazilian health an important issue of social sciences, why is the historicity of the construction of the Brazilian health system, as a public policy that can mirror the actual reconstruction of the institutional framework of the Brazilian state with the establishment instances of negotiation between the various spheres of power that strengthen the state in this process of democratization of Brazilian society. ; Este artigo é resultado de uma revisão bibliográfica narrativa, visando o desenvolvimento de um panorama acerca do debate ideológico sobre a concepção de Estado nas políticas de saúde. Nele, argumentamos que o papel do Estado brasileiro no desenvolvimento da política de saúde, mesmo sob a pressão do mercado globalizado, pode criar alternativas para promover e direcionar o desenvolvimento econômico e social, e que isso não significa submeter-se às restrições econômicas impostas pelo ideal liberal de mercado. Apresentamos parte de uma discussão teórica acerca da construção e presença do Estado na América Latina e, particularmente, no Brasil, tomando como referências as abordagens da tradição marxista e da liberal sobre a questão. Essa discussão permite-nos entender que o papel histórico do Estado na manutenção de políticas públicas sociais, especificamente as de saúde, é uma alternativa para que o controle público amenize a intensa mobilidade de capital promovida pela globalização econômica. Nesse sentido, o tema torna a saúde nacional uma questão importante das Ciências Sociais, por que é na historicidade da construção do sistema de saúde brasileiro, como política pública, que se pode espelhar a própria reconstrução do arcabouço institucional do Estado brasileiro, com a instauração de instâncias de negociação entre as diversas esferas de poder que fortalecem esse mesmo Estado no processo de redemocratização da sociedade brasileira.

Decentralization of Brazil's Unified National Health System (SUS) still poses challenges in large cities. To characterize decentralization as an essentially political process, institutional policy variables, including local management capacity, are determinant for shaping decentralization in each context. Using the government triangle reference to evaluate management capacity, a case study was conducted with the objective of analyzing the system's decentralization in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil's largest metropolis. An analysis of selected health system managers and administrative documents identified a trend towards focusing health management at the municipal level in 2005-2008, accompanied by dismantling of local/regional structures in the Municipal Health Secretariat, resulting in technical and policy depletion at these levels. Despite the limits of decentralization, the article emphasizes its power as an operational strategy to achieve the SUS' objectives. The article also stresses the need to resume the health decentralization process in the city of Sao Paulo, both moving towards local/regional levels and linked to the decentralization of municipal public management. ; Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Prevent Med, Escola Paulista Med, BR-04023900 Sao Paulo, Brazil ; Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Saude Publ, Sao Paulo, Brazil ; Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Prevent Med, Escola Paulista Med, BR-04023900 Sao Paulo, Brazil ; Web of Science

This is a discussion of Turkey's posture toward Europe, specifically within the context of Turkey's application for EU membership. The article takes an epistolary form, consisting of a back & forth discussion between Portuguese journalist Teresa de Sousa, who is the General Counsel at the Institute of International Strategic Studies, & Manuela Franco, a researcher at the Institute of Social Sciences at the University of Lisbon. Topics surveyed include the postwar history of Turkish relations with western Europe & NATO, potential barriers to Turkey's candidacy for EU membership, & the strategic implications of Turkey's membership for itself & the EU. The article concludes that, with or without EU membership, Turkey will continue to modernize & westernize itself while improving its strategic position. R. Young

The present work proposes to explore the Program of Attention to the Family (PAIF), the profile of registered families and their vulnerability factors as requirements for enrollment in the Program, in the light of the intervention carried out during the internship period in Psychology emphasis. This paper aimed to verify the profile of registered families and vulnerability factors, based on the assumptions of the Unified Social Assistance System (SUAS). It was also possible, through the above mentioned intervention, to create a work process management tool, proposing to help the service professionals in apprehending the aspects of vulnerability of the families, to give the necessary referrals and to propose the necessary strategies for the autonomy and protagonism of the Individuals. After analyzing the vulnerability factors, it can be seen that only half of the families enrolled at the time of the intervention presented a profile for follow-up by the Program, and yet, the follow-up was not being carried out.

The objective of this article is to analyze the strategic partnership between Brazil and Uruguay in the years 2003-2014 from the perspective of Brazilian international insertion. In order to do this three main aspects are considered: the limits and potentials of Brazil as a regional power, the context of South American regional politics and the strategy of the government of Lula da Silva and Rousseff administrations regarding these issues. The article is guided by a multi-scale approach, also focusing on some domestic and external dynamics of Brazilian foreign policy. It is noted that the above-mentioned strategic partnership acquired great relevance to the Brazilian proposal of integration, as well as to its national development goals, giving field to considerable advances in both ventures, since it is compatible with the idea of international insertion of Brazil and with its structural limitations. ; Peer reviewed

This review focuses only on specific studies into the SUS regionalization process, which were based on empirical results and published since 2006, when the SUS was already under the aegis of the Pact for Health framework. It was found that the regionalization process is now underway in all spheres of government, subject to a set of challenges common to the different realities of the country. These include, primarily, that committee-structured entities are valued as spaces for innovation, yet also strive to overcome the bureaucratic and clientelist political culture. Regional governance is further hampered by the fragmentation of the system and, in particular, by the historical deficiency in planning, from the local level to the strategic policies for technology incorporation. The analyses enabled the identification of a culture of broad privilege for political negotiation, to the detriment of planning, as one of the main factors responsible for a vicious circle that sustains technical deficiency in management. ; Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Med Prevent, R Botucatu 740-4, BR-04023062 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil ; Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Med Prevent, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil ; Escola Nacl Saude Publica, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil ; Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Med Prevent, R Botucatu 740-4, BR-04023062 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil ; Web of Science

Discute-se aqui, a capacitação de recursos humanos em Gerontologia tomando-se por base o preconizado pela Política Nacional do Idoso. Além da capacitação de cuidadores leigos, conforme proposto pela Portaria Interministerial N.º 5.153 de abril de 1999.

OBJECTIVE: To report the main results of studies on prejudice, stereotyping, and age-based discrimination (ageism) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This is an integrative review of the literature on ageism in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, conducted between May and June 2020, with data collected from the following databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/ PubMed), Web of Science (Thompson Reuters), Scopus (Elsevier Science), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs) and Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO). RESULTS: Twenty-one publications addressing ageism during the pandemics, its origins, consequences, and ethical and political implications were analyzed. All publications were theoretical with a critical/reflexive approach, being 90,5% opinion articles (n = 19) and 9,5% research (n = 2). The main findings indicate criticisms regarding resources allocation and intensive care based exclusively on age. The results also highlight the impacts of social isolation, the use of technologies and social media, and intergenerational relationships within the COVID-19 scenario. CONCLUSION: According to most publications, although ageism has always been present, it became more evident during the COVID-19 pandemic as a form of discrimination against older adults. "Ageist" discourses may exert a negative influence in older adults' lives, causing severe social and psychological impacts. ; OBJETIVO: Descrever os principais resultados de estudos sobre preconceito, estereotipia e discriminação relacionados à idade (ageismo) no contexto da pandemia da covid-19. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre o ageismo no contexto da pandemia da covid-19, realizada entre maio e junho de 2020, a partir das seguintes bases de dados: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/PubMed), Web of Science (Thompson Reuters), Scopus (Elsevier Science), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO). RESULTADOS: Foram analisadas 21 publicações que discorreram sobre o ageismo durante a pandemia, suas origens, consequências e implicações ético-políticas. As publicações identificadas são de natureza teórica com abordagem crítico-reflexiva, sendo 90,5% artigos opinativos (n = 19) e 9,5% de pesquisa (n = 2). Os principais resultados encontrados apontam críticas em relação à destinação de recursos e cuidados intensivos baseados exclusivamente no critério etário. São também apontados os impactos do isolamento social, o uso das tecnologias e mídias sociais e as relações intergeracionais no cenário da covid-19. CONCLUSÃO: A maioria das publicações indicam que o ageismo sempre esteve presente, mas tornou-se mais evidente durante a pandemia da covid-19 como forma de discriminação contra idosos. Ressalta-se que discursos "ageistas" podem influenciar negativamente na vida dos idosos e causar impactos sociais e psicológicos prejudiciais.

This study aims to analyze the use of public procurement that, besides providing the government what is needed to reach the objects, is used as a tool to boost technological innovation in the country, which is beneficial to national development. It also presents the short Brazilian experience of using the purchasing power as inductive mechanism for science and technology. ; O presente estudo tem por finalidade analisar o uso das contratações públicas, que além de prover a Administração daquilo que é necessário para atender seus objetivos, é utilizado como instrumento para impulsionar a inovação tecnológica no país, o que é benéfico para o desenvolvimento nacional, apresentando, ainda, a tímida experiência brasileira de utilizar o poder de compra governamental como mecanismo indutor de ciência e tecnologia.

Objective: To investigate Brazilian publications on leprosy program evaluations from the components: inputs,
processes, results and impact. Methods: Consultation in the LILACS database of the Virtual Health Library on the
keywords "leprosy", "evaluation". Inclusion Criteria: Publications from 2001 to 2008, in Portuguese and descriptor
"leprosy." Results: 27 approaches for components of input, process, outcome and impact studies in August of this
review. The process component prevailed with 41%. Of all approaches and inputs and outputs were performed in 26%
and 22% respectively and the impact component with the lowest percentage approaches 11%. Conclusion: The
evaluation must be present throughout the process of implementing a particular program.