Suchergebnisse

Geschichtlicher Hintergrund der 1967 verkündeten und 1970 beendeten Sezession Biafras vom übrigen Nigeria. Internationale Reaktionen auf den Bürgerkrieg. Widerspiegelung des Ablaufs der Ereignisse und der späteren Versöhnung der verfeindeten Volksstämme in der afrikanischen Lyrik und Romanliteratur. Rückblick und Ausblick auf die anhaltende literarische Auseinandersetzung mit dem nigerianischen Bürgerkrieg. (DÜI-Hlb)

John Keep, Emancipation by the axe? Peasant revolts in Russian thought and literature.
Contrary to widespread opinion, a continuous thread runs from the 17th- and 18th-century Russian peasant revolts to the agrarian revolutions of 1905 and 1917, manifested in the survival of social Utopian myths. The Razin legendary cycle, distorting Christian teaching, presents the "liberator" as an avenging apostle. Russian writers from Pushkin onward, and later social theorists, took up the theme of agrarian violence but were shocked by the brutal events of 1917-1918. Early Soviet writers (e.g. L. Leonov) offered a critical portrait of the peasant revolutionaries, but subsequently this theme has been neglected. A comparison of two novels on the Razin revolt (A. P. Chapygin, 1927; S. Zlobin, 1951) illustrates changes in the official ideology and Soviet literary taste; popular mythology is today manipulated for mundane political ends.

4. Christine Deakin (SOAS, Londres) memberikan terjemahan dalam bahasa Inggeris cerpen Kipanjikusmin yang terkenal, Langit mdkin mendung, yang pada tahun 1968 telah menim- bulkan heboh sastra Indonesia. Lingkungan Islam menganggap cerpen tersebut menghina Tuhan dan Nabi, sehingga cerpen yang telah diterbitkan itu dilarang dan redaktur majalah yang memuatnya, H.B. Jassin, terpaksa diajukan ke pengadilan.

Stephen Blank, Soviet politics and the Iranian revolution of 1919-1921.
The Soviet intervention in Iran during 1919-1921 arose out of the conjuncture of historic Russian interest in dominating Iran, Leninist visions of third world revolution, Stalin's personal ambitions, and the Pan-Islamic aspirations of radical Soviet Moslems led by Sultangaliev. This article seeks to trace the interplay between the domestic ramifications of the Soviet debate on tactics in Iran during 1919-1921 and the actual implementation of radical policies on the ground by Soviet troops ultimately commanded by Stalin on the one hand and the Iranian Communists on the other. By exploring the interconnected nature of the resolution of fundamental issues of Soviet nationality policy and foreign policy the article seeks to uncover the roots of Stalin's international activity at this time and the consequences of the Iranian adventure for both domestic and foreign policy after 1921.

William Fierman, Uzbek feelings of ethnicity. A study of attitudes expressed in recent Uzbek literature.
Recent works of fiction, literary criticism and articles on other cultural matters by Soviet Uzbek authors offer an almost untapped source of information about feelings of ethnicity. Evidence in the literature surveyed for this study indicates that Uzbeks are exhibiting renewed pride in their own land, history, customs, language, literature, music and art. During the Stalin period a dominant message to Uzbek readers was that to be modern was to be Russian; today, in contrast, Uzbek readers are also frequently reminded that they are heirs to a tradition (in no way inferior to the European one) which is relevant to the modern world. Uzbeks who have turned their backs on their own culture are portrayed as fools and opportunists. Although no Uzbek authors deny that a multinational Soviet culture is being created, some are particularly insistent that their own contribution to it not be underestimated; moreover, they maintain that Soviet culture's Asian elements are as "international" as the European ones are.

Summary in English.

Nancy Shields Kollmann, The boyar clan and court politics: the founding of the Muscovite political system.
The organization of politics at the Muscovite court in the fourteenth century is shown to have been based on kinship relationships amongst boyars, the counsellors of the sovereign grand prince. The circumstances of Moscow's emergence as a regional power in the fourteenth century and particular aspects of the family history of the sovereign Danilovich family nurtured the development of a cohesive political elite of boyar clans. One can plot the emergence of boyar clans in the fourteenth century, and one can discern a hierarchy of power amongst them. Study of the thousandman post, which fell into disuetude by 1373, reveals that kinship links with the sovereign clan were the foundation of predominance in the hierarchy, and further suggests that court political crises can best be analyzed as struggles amongst factions of boyars.