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This study aims to explain how the psychological process affects perceived organizational politics (POP) toward organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB). The paradoxical effect of POP to OCB needs to be explained through two psychological processes: First, the mediation effect of psychological safety which explains POP as a barrier to OCB. Second, the mediation effect of careerism which explains POP as an OCB driver. One of the government institutions in Malang District used as research objects, involving 97 employees as respondents. A quantitative approach using Partial Least Square (PLS) used as the method of this study. The results showed careerism mediated the relationship between POP and OCB. But the surprising result is that psychological safety cannot mediate the effect of POP to OCB because employees feel that there is no high threat of doing voice behaviour, helping behaviour and individual initiatives in the political environment. These results indicate that OCB is a safe activity when it does not contrary to other people's self-interest, so it does not cause a conflict.

Economic growth is no longer just to improve the economy alone, but economic growth must also pay attention to the welfare of the community and be carried out by paying attention to the quality of the economic growth. Good economic growth is not only temporary but long term. One of the government's efforts by this concept is to create inclusive and sustainable economic growth. The measure of the quality of economic growth can be seen through the Inclusive Economic Development Index (IGI). However, achieving inclusive economic growth is not easy. The novelty of the research is that inclusive economic growth is not only approached with an economic approach but non-economic variables are also included, to see further this interrelation. The method used in this research is quantitative with a descriptive approach. Panel regression analysis models and techniques using stata. The results of this study indicate that technology and human resources have a significant and positive effect on inclusive economic growth in Indonesia from 2017 to 2019. Meanwhile, politics has a positive but not significant effect on inclusive economic growth in Indonesia from 2017 to 2019. From the results of this study, it can be seen that also that technology, politics, and human resources simultaneously have a significant and positive effect on inclusive economic growth in Indonesia from 2017 to 2019. The implications of this research include, among others, the government needs to optimize HR productivity. Keywords: Inclusive Economy; Political; Human Resources; Technology

In the middle of district head's euphoria to float and move forward province of Bangka Belitung's island by brought in the palm oil investors conduce the new conflict of society, i.e agrarian conflicts. The presence of palm oil investors in the middle that in the beginning has been designed to give a profit for society, especially the societies around the oil palm plantation, but precisely harm the soci- ety a lot. For local society, indigenous forest is symbol of nature conservation and the place of animal Seizure and claims over land often happens between the palm oil investors with local society. One of them is the conflict between Air Abik society with PT. Gunung Pelawan Lestari. The main factor of this conflict is there a logging, indigenous forest clearance, destruction of 11 ancestral graves belong to society conducted by PT. Gunung Pelawan Lestari in their efforts to oil palm expansions. This thing then triggered public protest action. survival. Whereas, ancestral grave is symbol of local wisdom and cultural heritage that must be preserved and maintained. Besides, if we see the conflict between both sides, it can be analyzed with contentious politics theory. The use of contentious politics theory because this conflict involves the collective interaction between the claimant, i.e PT. Gunung Pelawan Lestari and claim object, i.e customary land and the land where the 11 ancestral graves stand. In contentious politics theory, there is also depletion of resources. This depletion of resources in the end will influencing people to get involved in the political tensions, like the high level of public complaints, legacy of previous protest, political opportunity structure, and the mechanism relation to help society resistance. ; In the middle of district head's euphoria to float and move forward province of Bangka Belitung's island by brought in the palm oil investors conduce the new conflict of society, i.e agrarian conflicts. The presence of palm oil investors in the middle that in the beginning has been designed to give a profit for society, especially the societies around the oil palm plantation, but precisely harm the soci- ety a lot. For local society, indigenous forest is symbol of nature conservation and the place of animal Seizure and claims over land often happens between the palm oil investors with local society. One of them is the conflict between Air Abik society with PT. Gunung Pelawan Lestari. The main factor of this conflict is there a logging, indigenous forest clearance, destruction of 11 ancestral graves belong to society conducted by PT. Gunung Pelawan Lestari in their efforts to oil palm expansions. This thing then triggered public protest action. survival. Whereas, ancestral grave is symbol of local wisdom and cultural heritage that must be preserved and maintained. Besides, if we see the conflict between both sides, it can be analyzed with contentious politics theory. The use of contentious politics theory because this conflict involves the collective interaction between the claimant, i.e PT. Gunung Pelawan Lestari and claim object, i.e customary land and the land where the 11 ancestral graves stand. In contentious politics theory, there is also depletion of resources. This depletion of resources in the end will influencing people to get involved in the political tensions, like the high level of public complaints, legacy of previous protest, political opportunity structure, and the mechanism relation to help society resistance.

Problems arising from the relationship between Islam (dîn) and politics (siyâsah) became the polemics among Muslim political thinkers that have not been completely solved up until now. Hence, it is difficult to identify which countriy such as Turkey, Egypt, Sudan, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Algeria, and Indonesia, that deserves to be a representation of an Islamic state. The consequence of different understandings about the relationship between Islam and politics – in the case in Indonesia- is the emergence of Indonesian Islamic State (NII). This movement attracted a number of responses from Indonesian Muslim intellectuals. Using a sociohistorical-politics approach in discussing these responses as they do not agree about the establishment of the NII, will lead to an understanding of coercion and oppression of understanding group that is different from other groups. ; Problems arising from the relationship between Islam (dîn) and politics (siyâsah) became the polemics among Muslim political thinkers that have not been completely solved up until now. Hence, it is difficult to identify which countriy such as Turkey, Egypt, Sudan, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Algeria, and Indonesia, that deserves to be a representation of an Islamic state. The consequence of different understandings about the relationship between Islam and politics – in the case in Indonesia- is the emergence of Indonesian Islamic State (NII). This movement attracted a number of responses from Indonesian Muslim intellectuals. Using a sociohistorical-politics approach in discussing these responses as they do not agree about the establishment of the NII, will lead to an understanding of coercion and oppression of understanding group that is different from other groups.

The issue of political dowry, relatively, becomes a sustainable warning of problems in every general election in Indonesia. Such as the issue of Sandiaga Uno, who provided political dowry in the 2019 presidential election. The allegation was started by the Deputy of General-secretary of the Party of Democrat, Andi Arief, who stated that Sandiaga Uno had provided 500 billion rupiahs to PAN and PKS respectively so that those two parties would support him to nominate as the Candidate of Vice President for Prabowo Subianto. Political dowry has been a serious issue and almost constantly becomes an interesting topic to be reported and studied in every general election. Although it is popular, the issue of political dowry is a case that is relatively difficult to prove its truth (court decisions). In fact, explicitly, political dowry has been regulated in Article 228 on Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning the General Election (Election Law). However, it does not expressly provide a deterrent effect to the political dowry actors. This reality becomes the basis of encouragement in conducting this research. The theory used in this research is legal politics and law enforcement. While the method used is normative legal research with a statutory, conceptual, and comparative approach. The output of this paper is that the handling of political dowry cases in the presidential election needs a serious concern. And then, the regulation on sanctions, which still be administrative in nature, against the actors of political dowry in the Election Law is considered to be inappropriate. So that criminal policy is needed to strengthen the law enforcement and strict legal instruments against criminal acts of political dowry in the future election (ius constituendum).

Patterns of business and political relations in the reform period is one form of transformation of the pattern of political and business relations of the New Order. This relation involving actors in the political and economical sector through the actions taken to share the resources of the state, where the practice of rent seeking is done openly in a democratic regime. Rent seeking in the reform period was transformed through regime change, from the authoritarian New Order regime to democratic regime in reform period. In the transformation process, rent seeking growing not only among economical and political / governmental actors at the central level but also extends to localactors. The shift in the relation of power from the center to the regions shifting the map of corruption that was once centralized and then spread to smaller level of area. Pattern of business and political relationships was transformed due to the reorganization of the business actors during the New Order to the current political situation to keep control of economic resources; The appearance of new businesses as new economic powers; and the presence of political/governmental actors still dominated by predatory power relations and clientelism.

Abstract Arthasastra book first examines community by explaining the purpose trayi, anvikshiki, Varta, and danda within the framework of human existence. Then went on to explain warnasrama dharma as the foundation of social order and the general obligations that apply to everyone. As a statesman, Kautilya pay great attention to work and power. Arthasastra reflected elements of democracy, as described in the conception of democracy among other kingdoms or states recognize diversity; folk in the free association or organization; cooperation are independent and harmonious; seek justice; contained the separation and division of powers; powers acquired under the law; election of state officials based on moral qualities and skills; government policy implemented by law; carried out in a planned leadership succession; no freedom of individuals to develop their talents and interests; ensure the protection of the rights and welfare; magnitude of taxes and trading profits stipulated by the agreement, and dispute resolution institutionalized by prioritizing peace. Key Word: Democracy, Arthasastra, politics and the state.

Politics, coming back to its original meaning which might be defined as influencing other people and which is involves the making of a common decision for people, then, life is never politics-free. When we are thinking, we are contributing in the political life, how to influence or how to be influenced, how to make a decision in life or how to follow a decision. Politics contain of many dimensions, one might think politics in a negative or positive way depending on which dimensions he stick the politics with. Political party is one of the main institutions in the political life which used in practicing the democracy as the representative system needed by the community. It used as a media to transfer the political messages from the community to the government, as peoples' media to send their aspiration to the people 'above', which existence is influencing the development of the policies of the country depending on its effectiveness. As a Muslim-Largest country, Islam has a very important role in Indonesia's political zone. Though, not everything that has an "Islam" name is able to completely represent Islamic values and so some "non-Islam" might also represent Islamic ethical values. The point of this article is to focus more on how is the relationship between politics and Islam in Indonesia by observing the development of Islamic Political Parties and its phenomena. It will be well observed by the historic-phenomenology approach, which is describing and observing the history of Islamic Political Parties in Indonesia and the social facts that happened in the society

Systematic change of the local election candidate has given many opportunities for regional head proposed by both political parties as well as of individuals, therefore it directly has created a high intensity of competition in local elections.One of the areas that experienced the high level of competition in regional head elections is West Pasaman. Among the broad factors that are able to impact constituents election namely candidate image, trust, political promotion, and money politics. The purpose of this research is to inversigate the effect of candidate image, trust, political promotion, and money politics on constituents decision of regional head election. The population of this study is all constituents which located in west Pasaman I that accounted for 59,332 constituents. The numbers of useful samples were 398 constitunets by performing quota sampling method. In order to conduct hypotheses development, this research performs multiple regression analysis by using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 19.0. The results of analysis found that 1) candidate image, trust, political promotion, and money politics positively and significantly affect constituents decision of regional head election. 2) Trust is found to have the strongest effect constituents' decision of regional head election, and then followed by candidate image, political promotion, and money politic respectively. 3) Constituents decision of regional head election is explained by candidate image, trust, political promotion, and money politics approximately 35.8%. The results of analysis provide practical implication to candidates of regional head election that in order to win election competition future, it is recommended to consider the factors of trust, candidate image, political promotion as well as money politics. Keywords: Image, Trust, Political promotion, Money Politics, and Constituents Decision.

Abstract : There are two opposite opinions about the permissibility of women in politics. One opinion states that women should be at home, devoted to her husband, just have a domestic role, and should not be involved in politics. Another opinion states that women have the freedom to play, both inside and outside the home as well as in politics. This happens because they don't understand the concept of women's rights that purely political, as well as in understanding the text verse Al-Qur`an is still gender bias. The differences of those opinions related to the differences in understanding the Islamic sources especially the verses of the Al-Qur`an about politics. This paper discusses political rights of women in Islam, so that people can understand and not considered taboo against women who were involved in politics. Based on the identification, classification, and analysis of the texts of the Al-Qur'an and hadith about politics, found that women in politics have the right according to Islam. Men and women are obliged to enjoining good and forbidding evil through several ways including the political media. Islam does not distinguish between men and women in individual rights and social rights especially political rights. However, it was noted that all rights must be placed within the limits of natural as women. Abstrak : Terjadi dua pendapat yang berseberangan tentang kebolehan perempuan berpolitik. Satu pendapat menyatakan perempuan harus di dalam rumah, mengabdi kepada suami, dan hanya mempunyai peran domestik dan tidak boleh berpolitik. Pendapat lain menyatakan perempuan mempunyai kemerdekaan untuk berperan, baik di dalam maupun di luar rumah demikian juga dalam bidang politik. Hal tersebut terjadi karena belum difahaminya konsep tentang hak politik perempuan secara murni, juga karena dalam memahami teks ayat al-Qur`an masih bias gender. Perbedaan pandangan tersebut terkait dengan perbedaan dalam memahami sumber-sumber ajaran Islam terutama ayat al-Qur`an yang berbicara tentang politik. Makalah ini membahas bagaimana sebenarnya hak politik perempuan dalam Islam, sehingga masyarakat dapat memahami dan tidak menganggap tabu terhadap perempuan yang terjun di dunia politik. Berdasarkan identifikasi dan klasifikasi serta analisis nash-nash dari al-Qur'an dan hadis tentang politik dalam al-Qur`an, ditemukan bahwa perempuan mempunyai hak dalam berpolitik menurut Islam. Laki-laki dan perempuan berkewajiban untuk amar makrûf nahî munkar melalui beberapa cara termasuk diantaranya dengan media politik. Islam tidak membedakan laki-laki dan perempuan dalam hak-hak individu dan hak-hak kemasyarakatan utamanya hak politik. Namun demikian, yang perlu dicatat adalah semua hak tersebut harus diletakkan dalam batas-batas kodrati sebagai perempuan.

AbstrakŚrīwijaya adalah suatu kerajaan maritim yang pengaruhnya meliputi kawasan yang luas di sekitar Selat Malaka. Kepentingan utama dari kerajaan ini adalah penguasaan jalur pelayaran dan perdagangan yang melalui Selat Malaka. Bagaimanapun, baik sumber sejarah maupun arkeologis mengindikasikan bahwa pengaruh niaga dan politik Śrīwijaya juga meliputi kawasan pedalaman dan pantai barat Sumatera. Hal ini mungkin berkaitan dengan kepentingan Śrīwijaya untuk mengamankan aliran mata dagangan terutama kamper dan kemenyan yang hanya dihasilkan oleh kawasan di baratlaut Danau Toba dan sekitarnya.

Citizen participation and decentralization in the Philippines / Emma Porio -- Everyday citizenship in village Java / Takeshi Ito -- Elections and emerging citizenship in Cambodia / Astrid Noren-Nilsson -- Sosialisasi, street vendors and citizenship in Yogyakarta / Sheri Lynn Gibbings -- Militias, security and citizenship in Indonesia / Laurens Bakker -- Custom and citizenship in the Philippine uplands / Oona Paredes -- Citizenship and Islam in Malaysia and Indonesia / David Kloos and Ward Berenschot -- Digital media and Malaysia's electoral reform movement / Merlyna Lim -- Citizenship, rights and adversarial legalism in Thailand / Wolfram Schaffar -- Defending Indonesia's migrant domestic workers / Mary Austin -- Yellow vs. red and the rise of a new middle class in Thailand / Apichat Satitniramai.

This thesis departs from the Diplomatic Crisis between Saudi Arabia and Qatar in 2017. In relation to the diplomatic crisis, it was explained that Qatar issued a Policy in the Diplomatic Crisis, and refused to fulfill the 13 demands given by Saudi Arabia and its allies. However, the policy issued by Qatar is inseparable from the encouraging factors. For this reason, this Thesis Writing aims to find out the Factors that encourage Qatar's Policy in the Diplomatic Crisis in 2017. By using KJ Holsti's Foreign Political Study and Literature Study Research Methods, this thesis discovers the Driving Variables namely Oil and Gas Sales Guarantee nature to other countries, Diversification of Economic Sources from the Non-Oil and Gas Sector, Resilience of the Transportation Sector to the Diplomatic Crisis, Alternative Flight Lines, Guaranteed Food Supply from the Outside, Endurance of the Trade Sector against the Diplomatic Crisis and Donald Trump's Defense against Saudi Arabia.

This article aims to understand and identify that Cirebon Province has not yet been formed, even though there has already been a discourse on the formation of Cirebon Province, marked by the establishment of the Cirebon Province Expansion Committee (P4C) since 2009. In order to approach this problem, the theory of political elite from Geatano Mosca is used, the theory explains that elite action is a form of the will of the community, so that it is understood that there is a link between community views and actions taken by political elites. Data is collected through the observation of the actions of political elites in the regions of Cirebon Regency, Cirebon City, Indramayu Regency, Kuningan Regency and Majalengka Regency, and conducting interviews with the community in the Cirebon Regency, Cirebon City, Indramayu Regency, Kuningan Regency and Majalengka Regency. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively using data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. This study concludes that until 2019 the local political elite of Kab. Majalengka and Kab, Kuningan still did not agree to join the Cirebon Province, while the political elite of Kab. Cirebon, Cirebon City and Regency, Indramayu agreed to form the province of Cirebon, the decision of the political elite turned out to be in accordance with the perception of the people who refused or supported joining to form the Cirebon Province.

This study discusses the political model of development of Islamic community organizations namely Muhammadiyah and Al-Washliyah in Medan City. Specifically, this study describes the politics of development of Islamic community organizations (Muhammadiyah and Al-Washliyah) in maintaining and developing their existence in development activities in Medan City. The context of the research carried out mainly concerns the orientation of the two Islamic community organizations which are known to have different schools of thought from each other, Muhammadiyah represents modern thought while Al-Washliyah represents traditional circles in the context of their development activities in Medan City. This study examines the form or model and strategy of development, as well as the direction or orientation that forms the basis of Muhammadiyah and Al-Washliyah's political development policies in Medan City, which of course will have differences because of the different schools of thought. In addition, of course, the development of directions or orientations that shape the political model of development will also have a system or a different way from what has been developed by the government which tends to develop with a secular approach that is felt to have a community side on one side poverty, inequality and moral degradation.