Suchergebnisse

Yip Kin Fung. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-104). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 2 --- The Distribution of Fluctuations in Financial Data --- p.5 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Empirical Statistics --- p.5 ; Chapter 2.2 --- Data analyzed --- p.8 ; Chapter 2.3 --- Levy Distribution --- p.10 ; Chapter 2.4 --- Returns Distribution and Scaling Properties --- p.12 ; Chapter 2.5 --- Volatility Clustering --- p.19 ; Chapter 2.6 --- Conclusion --- p.21 ; Chapter 3 --- Models of Herd behaviour in Financial Markets --- p.22 ; Chapter 3.1 --- Cont and Bouchaud's model --- p.22 ; Chapter 3.2 --- The Model of Egiuluz and Zimmerman --- p.24 ; Chapter 3.3 --- EZ Model with Size-Dependent Dissociation Rates --- p.28 ; Chapter 3.4 --- Democratic and Dictatorship Self-Organized Model --- p.31 ; Chapter 3.5 --- Effect of Size-Dependent Fragmentation and Coagulation Prob- abilities --- p.33 ; Chapter 3.6 --- Extensions of EZ model --- p.35 ; Chapter 3.7 --- Conclusion --- p.39 ; Chapter 4 --- Review on the Minority Game(MG) --- p.42 ; Chapter 4.1 --- The Model and Results --- p.42 ; Chapter 4.2 --- Crowd-anticrowd Theory and Phase Transition --- p.46 ; Chapter 4.3 --- Market Efficiency --- p.48 ; Chapter 5 --- MG with biased strategy pool --- p.52 ; Chapter 5.1 --- The Model --- p.53 ; Chapter 5.2 --- Numerical Results and Discussion --- p.53 ; Chapter 5.3 --- Theory: MG with Biased Strategy Pool --- p.61 ; Chapter 5.4 --- Conclusion --- p.69 ; Chapter 6 --- MG with Randomly Participating Agents --- p.71 ; Chapter 6.1 --- The Model with One RPA --- p.71 ; Chapter 6.2 --- Results for q = 0.5 --- p.72 ; Chapter 6.3 --- Inefficiency and Success Rate --- p.76 ; Chapter 6.4 --- Results for q ≠ 0.5 --- p.82 ; Chapter 6.5 --- Many RPAs --- p.85 ; Chapter 6.6 --- Conclusion --- p.86 ; Chapter 7 --- A Model on Coupled Minority Games --- p.88 ; Chapter 7.1 --- The Model --- p.89 ; Chapter 7.2 --- Results and Discussion。 --- ...

Tian Huan. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-134). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter Part I: --- Demography in Space --- p.13 ; Chapter Chapter One: --- Understanding the Data --- p.13 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Formation of the administrative structure in late Qing and its GIS representation --- p.13 ; Chapter 1.2 --- Population data reconsidered --- p.19 ; Chapter Chapter Two: --- Documenting the Demographic Patterns --- p.29 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Economic Patterns --- p.29 ; Chapter 2.1.1 --- Population density --- p.29 ; Chapter 2.1.2 --- Area of cultivated land --- p.32 ; Chapter 2.1.3 --- Ratio of urban dwellers to rural dwellers --- p.36 ; Chapter 2.1.4 --- " Ratio of commercial (industry, agricultural) population" --- p.40 ; Chapter 2.2 --- Ethnic Patterns --- p.48 ; Chapter 2.3 --- Distribution pattern of schools --- p.54 ; Chapter 2.4 --- Distribution of political elite (guan and shi) --- p.55 ; Chapter Part II: --- Markets in Space --- p.60 ; Chapter Chapter Three: --- Trade Patterns in Geographic Context --- p.60 ; Chapter 3.1 --- Trade of Grains --- p.60 ; Chapter 3.2 --- Cotton and cotton cloth --- p.69 ; Chapter 3.3 --- Trade of fur and livestock --- p.82 ; Chapter 3.4 --- Trade of Herbal Medicines --- p.88 ; Chapter 3.5 --- Trade of Oil and Wine --- p.90 ; Chapter 3.6 --- Overview of the Xinjiang markets in space --- p.93 ; Chapter Chapter Four: --- Trades within and without Xinjiang --- p.95 ; Chapter 4.1. --- Foreign commercial relations --- p.95 ; Chapter 4.2. --- Local marketing system: the relationship between the economies of South and North Xinj iang --- p.102 ; Chapter 4.3 --- Trade with the China Proper --- p.107 ; Conclusion --- p.113 ; The economy and trade of Xinjiang: issues of integration and sinicization --- p.113 ; Methodological implication: GIS for historical regional research --- p.119 ; Appendixes --- p.121 ; Glossary --- p.121 ; Place Names --- p.121 ; Personal Names and Terms --- ...

IFPRI3; GRP3; Theme 9; Public Policy and Investment ; EPTD; DSGD ; PR

姚穎嘉. ; "2013年9月". ; "2013 nian 9 yue". ; Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 147-166). ; Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. ; Abstract in Chinese and English. ; Yao Yingjia.

Zhang, Jiayu. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. ; Includes bibliographical references (p. 136-147). ; Abstract also in Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.iiii ; Table of Contents --- p.viii ; List of Abbreviations --- p.ix ; List of Figures --- p.x ; List of Tables --- p.x ; Chapter Chapter I: --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1. 1 --- What happened to China´ةs SRB? --- p.1 ; Chapter 1. 2 --- Women´ةs Human Rights as important Human Rights --- p.3 ; Chapter 1. 3 --- SRB and Women´ةs Rights --- p.6 ; Chapter 1. 4 --- Research Purpose and Methods --- p.7 ; Chapter 1. 5 --- Research Outline --- p.17 ; Chapter Chapter II. --- The Particular Features in China´ةs SRB --- p.20 ; Chapter 2. 1 --- The Regional Features in SRB --- p.20 ; Chapter 2. 2 --- The Ethnic Features in SRB --- p.23 ; Chapter 2. 3 --- The Features by Birth Order --- p.24 ; Chapter Chapter III. --- The Causes of Imbalanced SRB --- p.26 ; Chapter 3. 1 --- The Proximal Causes --- p.26 ; Chapter 3. 2 --- The Fundamental Cause --- p.31 ; What Encourage son preference in China? --- p.32 ; Chapter 3.2.1 --- Cultural and Historical Factors --- p.33 ; Chapter 3.2.2 --- Economic Factors --- p.38 ; Chapter 3.2.3 --- Law and policy as a Structural Factor --- p.40 ; Political Silence --- p.42 ; Economic Subordination --- p.43 ; Sexual Subordination --- p.48 ; Birth Control --- p.50 ; Chapter Chapter IV. --- The Consequences of Imbalanced SRB from a Human Rights Perspective --- p.58 ; Human Rights Violation against Women in the SRB Issues --- p.59 ; Chapter 4.1 --- Rights Violations Which Cause the Distorted SRB --- p.59 ; Chapter 4.2 --- Rights Violations for Which the Abnormal SRB is a Cause --- p.66 ; Chapter 4.2.1 --- Trafficking in Women --- p.70 ; Chapter 4.2.2 --- Sexual Crimes --- p.72 ; Chapter 4.2.3 --- Women´ةs Civil and Political Rights --- p.73 ; Chapter Chapter V. --- Women´ةs Human Rights Mechanism and Domestic Measures Adopted to Control Abnormal SRB --- p.76 ; Chapter 5.1 --- The International Human Rights Fundamental for ...

本文通过研究自改革开放以来计划生育政策在广东省潮汕地区的执行情况,尝试回答一个理论问题,即在一个威权政体中,是什么因素削弱了国家对社会的控制能力,从而民间形成了对刚性国家政策的有效对抗,导致国家的一些政策指令无法在基层得到落实。上世纪八十年代,计划生育政策作为一项"基本国策"在中国大多数地区都得到了严格的执行,并基本完成预定的政策目标。然而,该政策在潮汕地区却遭遇到极大的阻力,无论是城镇还是农村都出现了普遍的严重的超生现象。 ; 作者在对该地区进行了实地调研后,有三个主要发现:第一,随着改革开放政策的实行而迅速复兴的宗族文化对于潮汕地区的生育观念和生育行为的影响非常强烈。"多子多福","重男轻女"仍被绝大多数人视为理所应当,"儿孙满堂"更是许多农村人的追求。因此,虽然大部分的干部和群众经过计划生育的宣传都能理解该政策的必要性,但是由于生儿育女事关个人家庭和宗族的"兴衰",所以明知抵触法规但仍会寻求各种可能的办法偷生。第二,在强大的传统文化作用下,基层政府、干部和群众形成了依赖利益和人情而建立起来的"乡规民约",县镇村的干部群众都在这种民间自订的非正式制度下默契地规范约束自己的行为并且互动合作,因此上级的政策到了基层就遇到了无形的有弹性的成体系的抵抗,换言之,人们找到了实现"上有政策,下有对策"的软性抗争方式。第三,在这种强大的利益人情网络的软性对抗之下,上级的政府已经失去了对于基层计划生育的控制。一则他们没有足够的资源和能力去落实对下级的监管,二则上级官员自身也处在一定的利益关系网络中。因此,整体而言,市级乃至更上级政府在计生工作中也只能采取折中的策略,最后"容忍"了基层欺上瞒下的行为。因此,作者认为在潮汕地区县级以下的农村基层,依靠影响力极强的宗族文化而形成的"乡规民约",作为一种软性非正式制度弱化了国家正式的行政体制,形成了一种对计划生育政策不成文的,富有弹性的,自成体系的非暴力抵抗,以及"上有政策,下有对策"的折中局面,使得计划生育政策在这一地区发挥了十分有限的作用。 ; This study focuses on "Family Planning Program" ever since the "Opening-up Policy" in Teochew area, Guangdong. By doing so, it aims at answering one theoretical question: within an authoritarian regime, what sorts of factors can impair the state's control over society, leading to effective resistance against the state's rigid policies and ineffective implement of those policies at grass-roots level. In the 1980s, the "Family Planning Program", as a fundamental national policy, was strictly implemented in most parts of China, accomplishing its policy goals. However, this policy encountered enormous resistance in Teochew area, Guangdong. "Extra kids" have been widely observed in rural areas. ; By carrying out on-site field research, the author has three main findings: ; First, clan culture, reviving rapidly after the "Opening-up Policy", has been exerting significant impact over birth concepts and birth behaviors in Teochew area. Such thoughts as "the more sons, the more blessings" and "sons are better than daughters" are taken for granted. Having lots of children and grandchildren is considered the best luck possible. Therefore, even though most cadres and citizens understand ...

Ho, Yun Chi Maggie. ; "December 2010." ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 211-231). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese; some appendixes also in Chinese. ; ABSTRACT --- p.i ; ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.iv ; TABLE OF CONTENT --- p.vi ; LIST OF TABLES --- p.xi ; LIST OF FIGURES --- p.xiii ; LIST OF APPENDICES --- p.xviii ; NOTATION --- p.xix ; Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.2 --- Significance --- p.2 ; Chapter 1.3 --- Objectives --- p.4 ; Chapter 1.4 --- Conceptual framework of study --- p.5 ; Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.9 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.9 ; Chapter 2.2 --- Definition of terms --- p.10 ; Chapter 2.3 --- Indigenous community and nature reserves --- p.12 ; Chapter 2.4 --- Opportunities of cooperating with indigenous community in conservation --- p.15 ; Chapter 2.5 --- Incorporating indigenous knowledge --- p.18 ; Chapter 2.6 --- Sacred natural sites as traditional conserved areas --- p.21 ; Chapter 2.7 --- Challenges --- p.26 ; Chapter 2.7.1 --- Erosion of traditions --- p.26 ; Chapter 2.7.2 --- Coordination between indigenous population and conservationists --- p.31 ; Chapter 2.8 --- International trend --- p.33 ; Chapter 2.9 --- Local experiences in nature conservation --- p.36 ; Chapter 2.9.1 --- Legislative framework --- p.36 ; Chapter 2.9.2 --- Types of Protected Areas (PAs) --- p.37 ; Chapter 2.9.3 --- Community involvement --- p.41 ; Chapter 2.9.4 --- Privately owned land. --- p.43 ; Chapter 2.10 --- Summary --- p.45 ; Chapter Chapter 3 --- Methodology --- p.47 ; Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.47 ; Chapter 3.2 --- Research framework --- p.47 ; Chapter 3.3 --- Data collection --- p.48 ; Chapter 3.4 --- Analytical approach --- p.50 ; Chapter 3.4.1 --- Importance-performance analysis --- p.51 ; Chapter 3.4.2 --- Participation level assessment --- p.53 ; Chapter Chapter 4 --- Background of Study Sites --- p.60 ; Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- ...

Yung King-fung Phoenix. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 203-208). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Scope of the Studies ; Chapter 1.2 --- Reasons of Choosing the Nepalese Case ; Chapter 1.3 --- Ethnic Studies in Hong Kong ; Chapter 1.4 --- Layout of the Thesis ; Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.9 ; Chapter 2.1 --- The Origin of the Discourse ; Chapter 2.2 --- Special Features of Social Exclusion Approach ; Chapter 2.3 --- Three Paradigms of Social Exclusion ; Chapter 2.4 --- Remarks on Citizenship ; Chapter 2.5 --- Unanswered Questions ; Chapter 2.6 --- Remarks on Methods ; Chapter Chapter 3 --- The Nepalese Community in Hong Kong --- p.38 ; Chapter 3.1 --- Historical Background and Settlement Pattern ; Chapter 3.2 --- Recent Population Trends ; Chapter Chapter 4 --- The Problematic Community: Modes of Social Exclusions Against the Nepalese --- p.52 ; Chapter 4.1 --- Cultural Exclusion: Inaccessible Cultural Capital ; Chapter 4.2 --- Economic Exclusion: 4D Work ; Chapter 4.3 --- Civil Exclusion: Second-class Citizens and Distanced Friends ; Chapter 4.4 --- Political Exclusion: Invisible Citizens ; Chapter 4.5 --- Conclusion: the Marginal Man ; Chapter Chapter 5 --- Malign Dynamics Among Modes of Exclusions --- p.127 ; Chapter 5.1 --- Cultural Exclusion - Economic Exclusion ; Chapter 5.2 --- Cultural Exclusion - Civil Exclusion ; Chapter 5.3 --- Cultural Exclusion - Political Exclusion ; Chapter 5.4 --- Economic Exclusion - Civil Exclusion ; Chapter 5.5 --- Economic Exclusion - Political Exclusion ; Chapter 5.6 --- Political Exclusion - Civil Exclusion ; Chapter Chapter 6 --- Approaching Complete Citizenship --- p.163 ; Chapter 6.1 --- A Divided Community: From FEONA to GNF ; Chapter 6.2 --- Reluctance and Domination: Individual Level ; Conclusion: We Have No Choice --- p.192 ; References --- p.203 ; Appendices ; Chapter 1. --- List of interviewees ; Chapter 2. ...

Chiu, Ming Ho. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 139-155). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.i ; Acknowledgements --- p.v ; Table of Contents --- p.vii ; List of Tables --- p.xi ; List of Figures --- p.xiii ; List of Plates --- p.xiv ; Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1.1 --- Environment of Hong Kong --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1.1.1 --- Flat land area --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1.1.2 --- Population --- p.2 ; Chapter 1.1.1.3 --- Climate --- p.2 ; Chapter 1.1.2 --- Landslides in Hong Kong --- p.4 ; Chapter 1.1.2.1 --- Landslide history --- p.4 ; Chapter 1.1.2.2 --- Government actions on landslide prevention --- p.7 ; Chapter 1.1.3 --- Slopes in Hong Kong --- p.8 ; Chapter 1.1.4 --- Slope stabilization --- p.10 ; Chapter 1.1.4.1 --- Conventional methods of slope stabilization --- p.10 ; Chapter 1.1.4.2 --- Biotechnical stabilization --- p.13 ; Chapter 1.2 --- Situation in Hong Kong --- p.16 ; Chapter 1.2.1 --- Slope protection in the past --- p.16 ; Chapter 1.2.2 --- Government action on improving slope appearance --- p.16 ; Chapter 1.2.3 --- Proprietary slope greening techniques --- p.19 ; Chapter 1.3 --- Vegetation growth on slopes --- p.22 ; Chapter 1.3.1 --- Basic requirements of plants --- p.22 ; Chapter 1.3.2 --- Potential problems of proprietary systems on shotcreted cut slopes --- p.24 ; Chapter 1.3.2.1 --- Steep gradient --- p.24 ; Chapter 1.3.2.2 --- Thin soil --- p.24 ; Chapter 1.3.2.3 --- Rainfall seasonality --- p.25 ; Chapter 1.4 --- Current study --- p.26 ; Chapter 1.4.1 --- Objectives --- p.26 ; Chapter 1.4.2 --- Significance --- p.26 ; Chapter 1.4.3 --- Thesis layout --- p.27 ; Chapter Chapter 2 --- Soil water status and vegetation of cut slopes --- p.30 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.30 ; Chapter 2.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.36 ; Chapter 2.2.1 --- Study site --- p.36 ; Chapter 2.2.2 --- In situ measurements and substrate sampling --- p.43 ; Chapter ...

Lau Ka Wah Joyce. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 177-192). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.i ; Acknowledgements --- p.iv ; Table of Contents --- p.vi ; List of Tables --- p.xi ; List of Figures --- p.xiv ; List of Plates --- p.xvi ; Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1.1 --- Environment of Hong Kong --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1.1.1 --- Topography --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1.1.2 --- Climate --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1.1.3 --- Expanding population --- p.3 ; Chapter 1.1.2 --- Landslide history in Hong Kong and government action --- p.4 ; Chapter 1.1.3 --- Slopes in Hong Kong --- p.6 ; Chapter 1.1.4 --- Stabilization means --- p.7 ; Chapter 1.2 --- Biotechnical stabilization --- p.8 ; Chapter 1.2.1 --- Concept --- p.8 ; Chapter 1.2.2 --- History --- p.9 ; Chapter 1.2.3 --- Advantages and strengths of vegetation --- p.9 ; Chapter 1.2.4 --- Other components in biotechnical stabilization --- p.11 ; Chapter 1.3 --- The situation in Hong Kong --- p.12 ; Chapter 1.3.1 --- Government policy on control of visual impact of slopes --- p.12 ; Chapter 1.3.2 --- Landslip Preventive Measures (LPM) Program --- p.15 ; Chapter 1.3.3 --- Slope landscaping proprietary systems --- p.16 ; Chapter 1.3.3.1 --- Proprietary systems --- p.16 ; Chapter 1.3.3.2 --- Problems and limitations --- p.20 ; Chapter 1.4 --- Ecosystem reconstruction on slopes --- p.23 ; Chapter 1.4.1 --- Concept --- p.23 ; Chapter 1.4.2 --- Plant requirements --- p.24 ; Chapter 1.4.3 --- Potential challenges --- p.24 ; Chapter 1.4.3.1 --- Steep gradient and related problems --- p.24 ; Chapter 1.4.3.2 --- Thin soil --- p.24 ; Chapter 1.4.3.3 --- Water supply --- p.26 ; Chapter 1.4.3.4 --- Nutrient availability --- p.27 ; Chapter 1.5 --- Species selection --- p.28 ; Chapter 1.5.1 --- Vegetation types --- p.28 ; Chapter 1.5.2 --- Natives or exotics --- p.29 ; Chapter 1.5.3 --- Currently employed species and problems --- p.29 ; Chapter 1.6 ...

Alcohol consumption, the third largest contributing risk factor towards global morbidity, has increased in the past 5 years despite global calls for action to reduce its significant impact on public health. Compared to most developed nations, Hong Kong has been shown to have lower levels of alcohol consumption by previously conducted research. However, Hong Kong's low alcohol taxes, wide availability of alcohol, and lax restrictions on marketing practices have the potential to increase the prevalence of alcohol use and binge drinking particularly among young adults 18-25 of age, lending them towards increased risks of neurological damage, unsafe sex, intentional and unintentional injuries, and impacts on school and work performance in addition to chronic health harms in the future. This thesis employs a mixed-methods approach to comprehensively examine the behavioral and environmental contexts of Chinese young adult drinking behavior, as well as to generate feasible, effective strategies at the health promotion and policy levels to reduce alcohol-related harm among this population subgroup. ; Cantonese-speaking young adults of Hong Kong (n=684) were invited between April and September 2011 to participate in a cross-sectional random telephone survey, during which they were asked about their drinking patterns and perceptions on a set of alcohol expectancy statements. Twelve focus groups (n=63) were then conducted between June 2012 – May 2013 to explore individual motivations to drink as well as possible environmental and social facilitating factors. A series of interviews conducted in January – April 2014 with key policy stakeholders, including representatives of law enforcement, education, government, food and beverage sectors, non-governmental organizations, and the alcohol industry, (n=16) then aimed to produce appropriate, actionable policies and interventions which can be undertaken as a means to reduce alcohol-related harm among young adults in Hong Kong. ; At the behavioural level, positive outcome ...

Man Chi-shing. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 198-205). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; List of Tables --- p.i. ; Abstract --- p.ii. ; 摘要 --- p.iii. ; Acknowledgement --- p.iv. ; Chapter Chapter 1 --- Going into migrants in the Pearl River Delta --- p.1 ; Chapter I --- The living strategy besides political resistance --- p.2 ; Chapter II --- Exploring the migrants in township-and-village areas of the Pearl River Delta --- p.6 ; Chapter III --- Methodology --- p.9 ; Chapter IV --- Overview of this study --- p.13 ; Chapter V --- Terms clarification --- p.14 ; Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature review: understanding migrants in South China --- p.16 ; Chapter I --- Migration --- p.18 ; Chapter II --- Floating population in China after the economic reforms --- p.22 ; Chapter III --- Theoretical framework --- p.38 ; Chapter Chapter 3 --- A dichotomous community: the construction of oppressed and oppressor in Tianshen Township --- p.59 ; Chapter I --- Going down to the field site --- p.60 ; Chapter II --- Unequal relationships between the oppressed and the oppressor --- p.73 ; Chapter III --- Concluding remarks --- p.97 ; Chapter Chapter 4 --- "The voice from migrants: ""The outside world is splendid, but also ruthless.""" --- p.102 ; Chapter I --- Living experience --- p.103 ; Chapter II --- Working experience --- p.110 ; Chapter III --- Floating: a short stage of life --- p.117 ; Chapter IV --- Concluding remarks --- p.131 ; Chapter Chapter 5 --- Exit and familism: the ways to accommodate dissatisfaction --- p.135 ; Chapter I --- The infrequency of direct confrontation --- p.136 ; Chapter II --- Job switching as a from of self-defense --- p.140 ; Chapter III --- The significance of family support --- p.148 ; Chapter IV --- A case study: the entanglement between survival and exploitation --- p.157 ; Chapter V --- Concluding remarks --- p.163 ; Chapter Chapter 6 --- Economic retreatism: the basic reason of the social stability in the Pearl ...

by Wynstan, H.K. Cheuk. ; Thesis submitted in: Dec., 1997. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 57-65). ; Abstract also in Chinese. ; Chapter I. --- ABSTRACT --- p.i ; Chapter II. --- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS --- p.iii ; Chapter III. --- TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv ; Chapter IV. --- LIST OF TABLES --- p.viii ; Chapter V. --- LIST OF FIGURES --- p.ix ; Chapter VI. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 ; Chapter VII. --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.3 ; Chapter A. --- Cordyceps militaris infection --- p.3 ; Chapter B. --- The diagnostic criteria for C. militaris infection --- p.3 ; Chapter 1. --- Telemorphic stage of C. militaris --- p.4 ; Chapter 2. --- Anamorphic stage of C. militaris --- p.4 ; Chapter C. --- The natural occurrence of C. militaris infection --- p.5 ; Chapter D. --- The epizootiology of C. militaris infection --- p.5 ; Chapter E. --- The values of studying C. militaris infection --- p.6 ; Chapter 1. --- Potential insect biocontrol agent --- p.6 ; Chapter 2. --- Exploitation of medicinal values --- p.8 ; Chapter (i) --- Chemical constituents --- p.8 ; Chapter (ii) --- Pharmacological action --- p.9 ; Chapter VIII. --- MATERIALS AND METHODS --- p.11 ; Chapter A. --- Pathogen culture establishment --- p.11 ; Chapter 1. --- Source of pathogen and strain maintenance --- p.11 ; Chapter 2. --- Selection of the artificial medium for C. militaris --- p.11 ; Chapter (i) --- Colony diameter --- p.11 ; Chapter (ii) --- Enumeration of conidia --- p.12 ; Chapter 3. --- Examination of the morphological features of C. militaris in selected agar medium of RF Agar --- p.13 ; Chapter B. --- Host species establishment --- p.13 ; Chapter 1. --- Source of host species and laboratory rearing --- p.13 ; Chapter 2. --- Assessment of viable insect population --- p.13 ; Chapter C. --- The Biological characteristics of C. militaris in RF broth --- p.14 ; Chapter 1. --- Methods for the cultivation of C. militaris in RF broth --- p.14 ; Chapter (i) --- Pathogen inoculum and culture ...

許多學者討論了現代社會之非正規移民;然而,我們對這些移民的主體性知之甚少。世界體系的發展令國家邊界及公民身份政治有所改變,當今世界有超過五千萬非正規移民,理解其生活的志向和追索其現實有一定意義。香港大約有七千名非華裔非正規移民,其中估計75%來自南亞,此研究通過分析香港法外移民的案例,探索非正規移民之理想的建構與達成。儘管香港自從1841年成為英國殖民地後,與這個次大陸關係密切,此現象僅僅追溯到十年前,部分原因來自於後9-11歐美西方的嚴格移民政策之變化。 ; 在香港這個單一民族的社會,貧困的非華裔移民鶴立雞群,收到社會和政治的不公正待遇,為什麼這些移民還要過來?這裡的故事並非人們對非正規移民所想像的人口販賣、恐怖手段和暴力,而是關於移民文化所導致的需要研究出口移民的必要性,以及尋找全球和都市身份的媒體影響,和失足移民假扮成功人士,以掩蓋他們未能實現離家時許下的諾言的羞恥。儘管他們知道被罪化人生的風險和危險,也許還有更重要的未來等待他們的失敗,為什麼南亞人選擇在社會邊緣以非法公民的身份生存,而且繼續複製在海外出人頭地的神話?此研究基於一年的深入訪問和超過三個月的參與觀察,觀察香港非法南亞人的人生軌跡,分析他們如何建構非法的夢想,實現了什麼志願,以及如何延續由始至終以渴望成功打造的幻覺。 ; Many scholars have discussed irregular migration in contemporary societies; however, we know little of the subjectivities of these migrants. With considerable developments in the world system marking changes in the policing of national borders and politics of citizenship, it is of some significance to understand the processes that drive the motivations and trace the realities of over fifty million irregular migrants living in the world today. This research sheds light on the construction and realization of aspirations for irregular migration by examining cases of extralegal migrants in Hong Kong, where estimates suggest that 75 percent of the approximately 7,000 strong irregular non-Chinese migrant population comes from the South Asia. Despite Hong Kong's close connections to the subcontinent since the city's establishment as a British colony in 1841, this particular phenomenon dates back only ten years, stemming partially from strict changes in migration in the post-9/11 Euro-American West. ; In a society that is as ethnically homogenous as Hong Kong where the poorer non-Chinese immigrants clearly stand out and are open to social and political injustice, why do these migrants still come? The stories heard here are not of trafficking, terror and violence as one might expect from cases of irregular migrants, but instead, of cultures of migration creating obligations to engage in out-migration, media influence encouraging the search for global and cosmopolitan ...

作為一種新型扶貧手段,小額信貸產業在過去三十年中於發展中國家迅速興起。從業者常常聲稱小額信貸機構能夠為貧窮農民提供金融機會,而這些弱勢群體過去往往被排除在傳統金融機構之外;與此同時,不同於以往的扶貧手段,小額信貸機構被認為能夠在財務上達到平衡乃至盈利。這種雙重目標的前景吸引了許多發展中國家的興趣,因此,小額信貸產業作為解決貧困問題的一種嘗試而在國際舞台上獲得了迅猛的發展。 ; 由於中國獨特的社會和政治環境,小額信貸機構的發展有其特殊的軌跡。本研究以深入訪談和參與式觀察為主要研究方法,通過為期三個月的田野調查,對中國西部與北部的兩個非政府小額信貸組織進行了深入考察。研究發現,小額信貸組織正面臨無法同時達成雙重目標的困境;基於觀察與資料分析,本文提出,中國農村社區信任結構的轉型是小額信貸組織面臨多重問題的主要原因。隨著市場經濟的發展與城市化的加速,在日漸瓦解的熟人社會中,小額信貸機構的社會目標被其財務目標所壓制,導致原有的扶貧、婦女賦權等目標難以達成,更形成了目標替代的組織現象。 ; 為深入探討小額信貸產業中目標替代的現象,本文從組織目標的合法性與可測量性兩個角度提出假設,指出當邊緣目標具有強烈的合法性和直觀的可測量性,便可能取代相對難以觀測的核心目標。最後,本文指出,為保證小額信貸組織不偏離原有的社會目標,需要設計一種新型的、獨立的測量工具,用以跟踪記錄小額信貸組織的社會影響,並將其作為判斷組織表現的核心因素。 ; Known as an innovative tool for poverty alleviation, microfinance has been widely spread in developing countries in the past few decades. It is commonly claimed that microfinance institutions (MFIs) can provide financial opportunities to those who are unable to obtain loans from the formal system, while at the same time maintain their institutional sustainability. This promise has attracted the interest of developing countries with large population in poverty, leading to a remarkable emergence of microfinance industry on the global stage. ; Because of the special social and political environment, the development of MFIs in China has its unique trajectory. Based on interviews and participant observation, this three-month research focuses on two non-governmental MFIs in Western China and Northern China, revealing a plight of infeasible dual objectives and proposing an explanation from the angle of transformed trust structure. In a collapsing acquaintance community, the social objectives are suppressed by the demands of self-sustainability, thus violating the original intention of poverty alleviation and women empowerment, and leading to a phenomenon of goal displacement. ; To further discuss the logic behind the goal displacement phenomenon in microfinance industry, two propositions are suggested from the angles of legitimacy and measurability of organizational goals. The findings indicate that to ensure the ...